issue138 错误的作用 才知道波尔这么走运 快考试了求狠拍！

starshaneUID: 2616355

TOPIC: ISSUE138 - "Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress."
WORDS: 417
TIME: 00:45:00
DATE: 2010/4/10 1:12:53

I agree with the speaker insofar as mistakes are conducive to new discoveries and progress. All too often, new discovery and progress are made upon the foundation of previous experience and mistakes of others or ourselves. Nevertheless, the possibility of other access to progress, like inspiration or even pure luck, cannot be disregarded.


错误不一定真的错，只是宝贵的经验
In the first place, some so called "mistakes" are not really errs or falseness at all, but just precious experience before the best solution. For instance, Edison tried out thousand more materials before he found the most ideal substance for the light bulb fuse. He refused to call the former thousand trials "mistakes", he said to himself: "Every time I failed, I knew that I was one step closer to success." Another example, Einstein has reversed Newton's laws of motion under the circumstance
of hyperspeed, does that diminish the significance of Newton's work? Of course not. Newton's discovery was also based on the works of his forbearers. "I see further only because I am standing on the shoulder of giants." and Newton contributed greatly to his contemporary academia by providing his inspiring theories and laws. Actually "mistakes" are the accumulation of experience and the path to find truth.


错误也是不可避免的，尤其是社会科学方面
Moreover, from an epistemology prospective, mistakes are nearly inevitable. To err is man, especially in terms of social progress because the society is far more complicated and unpredictable than the objects in natural physics. Consider the case of China, ever since its foundation in 1949, China had gone through a series of social turmoil and frustrations under domestic and foreign threats.
For decades millions of people had suffered and sacrificed. These mistakes were largely due to the wrong policies by the political leaders.
Later in 1979, with the implementation of reform and open-up policy, China finally got back from the wrong track and achieved lasting progress.
China's case is not unique, in fact, an incremental approach is employed by the governments world wild in terms of legislation, policy making, etc, so as to carefully mend previous mistakes and make progress.



获得发现进步的方法很多，比如小心谨慎，比如运气
Although all too often, mistakes are conducive to new discoveries and progress, it is far too assertive to maintain that discoveries and progress could be made only through mistakes. One cannot overlook the fact that many other factors play important roles in the process of making discoveries. First, mistakes are possible to be avoided by enough cautions and considerations. Some well-designed researches just go so smoothly that no mistakes, even frustrations, occurs. Some countries, like Swiss, never ran into chaos or war and has achieved high-level of civilization. Some scientists made great progress simply because of luck or guidance. Consider the example of Niels Bohr, the Denmark physical scientist and founder of the Copenhagen School, whose father was a professor in physiology and created every possible condition for him to become a scientist. Bohr was really diligent and intelligent, but more importantly, his father and other numerous masters had offered assistance and help to Bohr on his way to extraordinary, including providing him various opportunities to work with the most prominent scientists of his time. Bohr’s achievement in physics seemed smooth and nature, which was mostly due to a combination of talents, family influence and luck rather than mistakes.

我承认波尔这个例子完全是GOOGLE所得的……


不想写结尾……觉得又把第一段的话说一遍……不知考试时有何后果，求解！