【hawk】7月27日任务——issue69

zhangxiaohang1UID: 2705669

69 “Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"

In this era of flying development of science and technology, whether we should reexamine the restrictions on the scientific research and development is an urgent problem for the development of our civilization. The problem is more or fewer limits. It may be better if we take an appropriate restriction on scientific research and development.

Firstly, scientific research and development have brought us so many benefits even they play significant roles in the development of society, such as communication, transportation and automation. Thousands of years ago, people communicate by letters laced on the pigeons or by messengers just like the one running to the Marathon. But now only a mobile phone is enough. You can communicate with others rapidly whenever and wherever you are. What's more, to instead of mobile phone Internet and facsimile sometimes can be other choices. In addition, with the modern transport--cars, trains and aircrafts--you can go everywhere on the earth in a short time. Therefore, science brings us so many convenient that we may addicted to it.

Granted scientific research and development bring us so many advantages, but without any restrictions on it may cause some catastrophic phenomena. High level of technology sometimes is uncontrolled by people. In many science fictions, our human’s dominance would replaced by the robot with AI we created in the near future. Someone may say that science fictions are based on dreams which may not be true. But can we say these fictions have no relation with the public skepticism about the flying speed development of science? If someday AI is accomplished successfully, the speed of the robot's self-improvement may exceed our imagination. With the body of metal, the strong computing, ability of self-learning and never getting tired the robots can easily learn what we have learned, like nuclear, which can ruin our human and the earth. If so it means our scientific development killed ourselves. It seems paradoxical. For this, government should take the duties to prevent the science from developing to a killing machine esp. to us.

In other fields, we can also find such trends like robots which mentioned above. Take the example of researches on cloning, the Big Bang and nuclear weapon. It’s possible that these science products destroy our human civilization. Restrictions on these researches are urgent otherwise these researches may touch the danger line. Nuclear have become the greatest danger to our existence; cloning have been on the way to destroy human's ethics and if we have known the principle of the Big Bang, it may be a next nuclear weapon. The energy which the Big Bang emitted is billion times larger than the nuclear fusion's. 

Furthermore, to restrain scientific research and development too tight may cause many disadvantages to our society. In the Qing Dynasty, which at that time is called the Great Kingdom, a quantity of restrictions on the scientific research and development and the empires were taken because the rulers thought the science is just a useless hobby. In the empires' depository, numbers of inventions, which can change the destiny of China, are stored with dust. Without the scientific research and development, China rapidly fell down to a colony trampled by western colonists from the wealthiest empire of the world. So for a country the science is the foundation for developing to a strong power. Take another example of U.S., it’s needless to say their desire on science discovery and always fight for scientific freedom. For their little restriction on scientific research and development, so many discoveries and inventions belong to Americans that they dominant in many fields and the U.S. became the most powerful country. Restrictions on scientific research and development let country decay, let truth shown to public later and let great scientists cannot receive the admiration deserved. Few restrictions should be placed on scientific research a development.

The advantages and disadvantages of technology are almost equal. With all or without restrictions neither is a good choice, but appropriate restrictions on it is one. Our government should take suitable restrictions on science according its fields or its danger.

zhangxiaohang1UID: 2705669

【8】
TOPIC: ISSUE69 - "Government shouldplace few, if any, restrictions onscientific research and development"

WORDS: 647
TIME: 02:09:07
DATE: 2010-07-28 1:06:32

In modern society, no one will doubt thatscientificresearch is the main thruster which drives our society forward.Freedom and tolerance are necessary for the fast development ofall research.Thus, the proposal of this topic that our government should imposerestrictionsas few as possible on scientificresearch and development seems reasonable atfirstglance. Nonetheless, a mature and rational government should neverneglect the significance and inevitable ofsupervising and guiding of researchactivities.
开头不错！用词也挺好的
Indeed, liberal research environment willpromotethe scientific development, while over restricting will stifle anyfurther progress. There are mainly two means fordoing research, one is tosummary and rediscoveryexisting knowledge, another is to explore untappedareas.Unreasonable restrictions will impede both paths and thus slow down thescientific progress. For example, to the existingknowledge, if our governmentcompletely eradicatethe smallpox virus for the safety concern, there will benochance for scientists, who are struggling for the cure of AIDS, to gethelpful knowledge from this deadly virus which isvery similar to HIV virususing cutting edgetechnologies; and to the new areas, if the governmentscenturiesago insisted that human anatomy is illegal, we will never be able toappreciate the huge advancement of medical science.From this point of view,unreasonable restrictions should be abolished and longexisted restrictionsshould also be re-evaluatedand updated as the development of society.
医学解剖那部分再详细说下对医学的贡献就更好了！
On the other hand, however, modest andreasonableregulations are also indispensable, for the spread of sensitive anddangerous technologies will seriously damage thesafety of human all over theworld. In the samecase of smallpox virus, and of course other lethal virus,the attributes ofthese tiny creatures make the research involving themextremelydangerous as a small leak of them will cause disasters killinginnumerablepeople. Thus it is absolutely necessary to rigorously confine the laboratorieswhich are qualified to perform suchresearch. The same happens to sensitiveweapontechniques, God knows what our world will be if Al Qaeda can easilyobtain the dangerous gene weapon technologies inscientific publications.
继续说医学挺连续的！：）你是不学医的啊？很好！
In addition, not only can reasonablerestrictionsprevent the unexpected consequences caused by scientific research,but it alsocan help better distributing our limited resources from a holisticview of the entire society, and thus furtherguide the development of research rightalong theway that more beneficial to us. Generally, researchers are highlyspecialized in their own research areas,sometimes it is not easy for them torealize thelimitation or potential risk of their research. The government, onthe other hand, acts as the manager of the wholesociety, will able to discoverproblems from abroader perspective, and thus can appropriately adjust theemphasisof national research according to the state and prospect of society.Further,the resource our society can devote to scientific research is notinfinite, compare to increasing funding in certainareas, rational restrictionsin the opposite willbe a more effective and economic way to control thedirectionof research. For example, in order to promote the research onrenewable energy, government can directly increasethe funding for suchresearch, but it also canrestrict the research on fossil fuel drove systems,followed by other economicand political policies. I think the latter will moreeffectivesince it can greatly exploit the power of market, making investmentand other resources flow to renewable energyresearch spontaneously, which willlargelyincrease efficiency and reduce redundancy of investments.

To sum up, although more liberal inresearch maybring more discoveries, unconditional liberty should not exist inany situation. A society without regulation willstep into endless chaos,considering the mighty power of modern technologies,research withoutconstriction will only bringdisaster. After all, what we are pursuing is notthenumber of new discoveries, but the healthy and sustainable development ofour society.
粘词严重，太多了。。。下次注意啊。。。

============================================================================================
【10】
TOPIC: ISSUE69 - "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
WORDS: 574          TIME: 00:46:51          DATE: 2010/7/22 14:48:37

The speaker alleges that government had better place few restrictions on scientific research and development. By scrutinizing many aspects of this allegation, I concede that the speaker is on the correct philosophical side of this issue. However, in some circumstances, government should determine the extent of restrictions based on the scientific research's content and grab the development's direction according to the needs of the society. It means that government should arbitrarily limit the scientific development.

Admittedly, this assertion is otherwise instructive. In retrospect to history, scientific researches and development indeed improved our quality of life and made our work and study convenient and smooth. In medicinal realm, medical research actually brings plenty of benefits to human's everyday living. Such as organ transplantation, antineoplastic drug which do save a lot of people's lives. In psychology realm, the study of mentality encourage the leader contribute themselves to mankind greatly. In technical realm, as technology researches go on, more and more achievement to facilitate the high-tech life like communication research are bringing out. In transportation realm, of course, people's spending less and less minutes in going and from work because of the invention of such many kinds of vehicle thus improve the efficiency of life completely. Without government funding, scientists would find it difficult to carry out large-scale projects. Government can also organize scientists to solve the most urgent problems that concern society. For instance, when SARS broke out in 2003, it is government's support that finally lead scientists developed the antibodies to control the epidemic.
多方面阐述了科技带来的好处，而且简要分析了政府的作用。
However, there are many scientific developments even harm the democratic essence: freedom, peace and respect. While we use modern means of transports galloping between the cities, the gas in the Earth is decreasing quickly; while we are enjoying the comfort in air conditioning room in such a hot day, global warming is growing;[.] Scientists invented the cloning technology, however it is this kind of technology that triggered another thought-provoking ethical issues of human which cause the first relevant legal document in 1998: violation of the ethics of human cloning should be strictly prohibited. Otherwise, there are some scientific researches and development which not set for the step of human society should be restricted by government. In some circumstance, scientific research is not for the purpose of improving society's welfare.[你应该再分析一下,克隆的目的,这样直接说的话我觉得说服力不够] And such researches even harm the peace and freedom which we always pursue. Thus in my view the governments should pick out these researches and place restrictions.

In addition, scientific research is a double-edged sword[很好] at the same time, especially in some application stage which may probably be use in some terrible aspects that government need to stop them. For example, application of nuclear reactors to generate electricity is plummy while it would turn bad if this kind of technology is made for manufacture of nuclear weapons which possible bring disaster to the whole world. We have to figure out another plan of solution to what would harm our health or destruct the biological species diversity scientific experiments. Thus government ought to keep a balance----not only to give sufficient freedom and space research, but also give guidance and direction to its limits.
呃，我有个疑问啊，题目的重点是在限制和不限制，还是少限制和多限制呢？也许破提点不同，可能两者都对吧？
To sum up, whether some specific scientific research and development should be limited or not, government needs to consider on the ground of the needs of the whole society. Only when the experiments are under the control of government won't they become what does not conducive to the community and the just for someone's profit.
你强调应该限制那些为私利的科学研究，但是你没有分析清楚clone怎么为私利了。这点应该再说说。还有，我觉得有些研究就像研究兴趣那道题。科学家基本很少有恶意的。可能只是跑偏了而已。也不排除一些疯子科学家，或者受恐怖势力控制的科学家。

finalleUID: 2812504

TOPIC: ISSUE69 - "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
WORDS: 435          TIME: 00:45:44          DATE: 2010/7/28 18:33:04
According to this statement, the speaker claims that government should place few restrictions on scientific research and development. I fundamentally agree with the speaker insofar as research is the path to development of technology and society. Yet, strictly followed, in some cases, restrictions are needed to prevent certain risks from society.
One compelling argument in favor of reasonable restrictions on scientific researches has to do with the fact that this can ensure the interests of most people. The government must be consciously aware that certain research avenues would become potential time bombs that threaten the very safety of humans. Consider, for instance,on one hand the researche on nuclear energy
contributes to the nuclear energy station, reduces the cost of generate electricity; on the other, the nuclear weapons have max destruction which are far excellent than conventional weapons. Also, if war breaks out, the use of nuclear weapons will bring great disater to the people for the potentially dangerous of nuclear weapons. Besides, scientists can develop a more effective pesticide to kill pests with the strong virulence. But, if government places no restrictions, these poison may into human body and do harm to people's health.
Another compelling argument for government should palce appropriately restrictions to make a balance comes into my mind when I consider the nature of research. Indeed, research is work for people's interests. Some researches can bring directly interest to corporations and groups. For example, write a new software do help the software company so they will spend money on it. However, while some scientific research on astronomy and biology do not have direct profit, there won't be any people except who really like them engaged in research in this area unless government restrict these cases. Therefore, scientific research and development will loss balance since these basic subjects are the fundamental of science.
Notwithstanding the foregoing reasons why it is necessary to limit  the researches, in my observation, there always have the researches called "cutting edge", that contribute most to meet the social needs in a few years later.  If ban anatomy at the beginning, how could we have modern medicine and surgery? If limit the research of gene at the beginning, how could marvelous achievements appear that the fruition of genetics research allows for treatment on gene defects in the foreseeable future? If doing too much restrictions to these researches, the government would be bogged down into the Sargasso Sea of endless contention about which research have definitive outcome.
On balance, I agree with the speaker's few restrictions on ill-conceived scientific research. Yet, government should give science a free space to develop.

finalleUID: 2812504

改文占座

agnes2010UID: 2794922

zhan

agnes2010UID: 2794922

zhan222222222

ltymoonUID: 2685371

我才知道要改文占座，泪泪泪。。。

ltymoonUID: 2685371

PSMaggie
红色：改
绿色：好
蓝色：生词

TOPIC: ISSUE69 - "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
WORDS: 574          TIME: 00:46:51          DATE: 2010/7/22 14:48:37

The speaker alleges（我记得allege的宣称，是宣称忠诚那种的，用在这里好吗？疑问~） that government had better place few restrictions on scientific research and development. By scrutinizing many aspects of this allegation, I concede that the speaker is on the correct philosophical side of this issue.（北美范文里的好句哇，不过真的太typical了，一眼就能看出来。。。） However, in some circumstances, government should determine the extent of restrictions based on the scientific research's content and grab the development's direction according to the needs of the society. It means that government should arbitrarily（武断的？） limit the scientific development.

Admittedly, this assertion is otherwise instructive. In retrospect to history, scientific researches and development indeed improved our quality of life and made our work and study convenient and smooth.（和后面时态打架了，建议用一般时） In medicinal realm, medical research actually brings plenty of benefits to human's everyday living. Such as organ transplantation, antineoplastic drug which do save a lot of people's lives. In psychology realm, the study of mentality encourages the leader to contribute themselves to mankind greatly. In technical realm, as technology researches go on, more and more achievement to facilitate the high-tech life like (看不懂这个like)communication research are bringing out. In transportation realm, of course, people's spending less and less minutes（用time吧） in going and from work because of the invention of such many kinds of vehicle thus improve the efficiency of life completely. Without government funding, scientists would find it difficult to carry out large-scale projects. Government can also organize scientists to solve the most urgent problems that concern society. For instance, when SARS broke out in 2003, it is government's support that finally lead scientists developed the antibodies to control the epidemic.我个人觉得这段有些跑题，只是说research好，而且政府经费支持很重要，但是和restriction没关系）

However, there are many scientific developments even harm the democratic essence: freedom, peace and respect. While we use modern means of transporting galloping between the cities, the gas in the Earth is decreasing quickly;(要不是被人利用，gas存着也没啥用吧) while we are enjoying the comfort in air conditioning room in such a hot day, global warming is growing; Scientists invented the cloning technology, however it is this kind of technology that triggered another thought-provoking ethical issues of human which cause the first relevant legal document in 1998: violation of the ethics of human cloning should be strictly prohibited. Otherwise, there are some scientific researches and development which not set for the step of human society should be restricted by government. In some circumstance, scientific research is not for the purpose of improving society's welfare. And such researches even harm the peace and freedom which we always pursue. Thus in my view the governments should pick out these researches and place restrictions.

In addition, scientific research is a double-edged sword at the same time, especially in some application stage which may probably be use in some terrible aspects that government need to stop them. For example, application of nuclear reactors to generate electricity is plummy while it would turn bad if this kind of technology is made for manufacture of nuclear weapons which possible bring disaster to the whole world. We have to figure out another plan of solution to what would harm our health or destruct the biological species diversity scientific experiments. Thus government ought to keep a balance----not only to give sufficient freedom and space research, but also give guidance and direction to its limits.

To sum up, whether some specific scientific research and development should be limited or not, government needs to consider on the ground of the needs of the whole society. Only when the experiments are under the control of government won't they become what does not conducive to the community and the just for someone's profit.

wellteaUID: 2265842

5# 谦行天下
多谢修改~~

奇怪，从word里粘过来怎么好多单词都连一起了，还多了个分段符号。。。

sharonyeUID: 2862009

TOPIC: ISSUE69 - "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
WORDS: 548          TIME: 00:36:17          DATE: 2010/7/27 0:19:25
改14

      I agree with the speaker's claim that the government should overrule the scientific research and development. However, there is no necessity for the author to make the statement(原来这里也可以这样写呀，我刚接触，不知道issue可以用the author-----，谢谢啦) resolute by declaiming that the goverment should place few, if any restrictions.
     First of all, I strongly agree that the scientific research is not allowed to be overtaken. It is well-known that the scientific research calls for inspiration and self-engaged（感觉这是个adj.）. If the scientists and researchers are requested that they should be confined in a special area,  it will be an unfortunate waste, which is againts the research's work, of their outstanding talents. Besides,as that  the research usually is at the cut? edge of the human-being's knowledge and it will take a long time before it contributes to society while the government place more attention on the contemporary social problems, it is probably that the government will reduce their support of some researches of which the outcome makes no sense and even ridiculous at the moment.Unfortunately, some great inventors(inventions) are just the kind of research. Maxwell's equation at his times was too revolutionary to be applied to daily life. However, after his  pass-by, the equation finally turned out to be outstanding and contriubed a lot to the understanding of how the electricity is come into being.
    (感觉用then读起来不太好，换一个吧)Then sometimes the government will make use of the research and scientists to satisfy their own benefits. Hilton at the Second World War aggregated brilliant scientists to work for him and invent the weapons for his army. He even urged them to make use of the nuclear power. Fortunately, the demagogue failed at last, otherwise it is hard to imagine what the world will be.
     Moreover, that the researchers feel litte freedom to create is sometimes because they don't have enough finance to run a research and should need some proposal. However, in today's world, more and more companies realize the importance of innovation and are ready to provide the researchers with affluent amount of finance. Giants such as GE even raises their own phD and masters to do the research work. As a result, the infulence of the restrictions from the goverment is not so humorous. To take a step further, some scientific research is carried on by the amateurs of different backgrounds, the government lacks faculty and staff to keep an eye on that huge number of people（这个例子好强，不过是真的么，呵呵）.
      However, it doesn't mean that the government （加个should怎么样？）places no restrictions at all. When it comes to the research area（我觉得不需要说area,可删掉） which has the possibility to challenge the temporary moral standards, the government has the responsibility to play a role in it. The most widely-know example is the research in genome and coloning, which brings lots of questions with itself: the way the society treats the people who is colonned and the rights of that kind of group while it brings great hope to desperated couples（为什么）. Considering various factors on this question, the government should be careful about making any decisions. Besides, as the public sources are limited, it is considerate to keep a balance between the scientific researches and projects that will satisfy the current needs.
       In a word, the statement the speaker talks about relates in so many fields（对不起，又不理解relates in so many fields和后面有什么关系
） that it is unjustified to conclude resolutely that the government should not restrict the research areas.