杨鹏难句61——100

renardUID: 136787

81. An impact (on the Mars) capable of ejecting a fragment of the Martian
surface into an Earth-intersecting orbit is even less probable than such an
event on the Moon, in view of the Moon's smaller size and closer proximity
to Earth. （5）
一个能够把活性表面的碎片射入地球交叉轨道的碰撞发生的可能性甚至小于这种事件在
月亮上发生的可能性, 考虑到月亮更小的尺寸及其与地球接近的程度。
注：in view of :考虑到、由于=because of;
82. Not only are liver transplants never rejected, but they even induce a
state of donor-specific unresponsiveness in which subsequent transplants of
other organs, such as skin, from that  donor are accepted permanently. （4）
但是, 我们已经发现, 在许多种老鼠之间, 这些移植法的"常规"并没有被肝脏移植物所
遵循。肝脏移植物非但从没遭到过排斥, 甚至还诱发了一种供者特异性无应答状态（don
or-specific unresponsiveness）, 在此状态中, 随后来自那个供者其它器官的移植物,
如皮肤, 会永久地被接受。
83. As rock interface are crossed, the elastic characteristics encountered （
by seismic waves）generally change abruptly, which causes part of the
energy to be reflected back to the surface, where it is recorded by seismic
instruments. （4）
当岩石界面被穿过的时候, 震波所遇到的弹性性质通常会发生突然的变化, 这就使得一
部分能量被反射回地面, 在地面反射回来的波被震波纪录仪记录下来。
84. While the new doctrine seems almost certainly correct, the one papyrus
fragment raises the specter that another may be unearthed, showing, for
instance, that it was a posthumous production of the Danaid tetralogy which
bested Sophocles, and throwing the date once  more into utter confusion. （4
）
数据资料已被统计出来, 或被重新统计出来, 以便证明在文体学这方面, 《乞援衰女》
实际上确实在《波斯人》和《七雄攻忒拜》（后两者现在则变成了"原始"的剧作）之后
以及在轴残片却唤起了一种幽灵似的疑虑, 即另一块残片有可能再度被挖掘出来, 并证
明, 比如说, 《乞援衰女》是作者藉以击败索福克勒斯的《达那特四部曲》的一部死后
出版之作, 从而将创作年代再度置于极度的混乱之中.
注：best:击败,=defeat, overcome, outdo
85. The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into
being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community
perceives as essential. (3+)
一个社会所创造出来藉以使其自身生生不息、恒久不衰的方法得以形成产生, 以保存在
这个社会看来具有本质意义的文化遗产的各个方面。
86. Traditionally, pollination by wind has been viewed as a reproductive
process marked by random events in which the vagaries of the wind are
compensated for by the generation of vast quantities of pollen, so that the
ultimate production of new seeds is assured at the expense of producing
much more pollen than is actually used. （4）
传统上, 风媒传粉被看成是这样的繁殖过程：其特征就是由一些随即事件的发生, 在这
些随机事件里, 风的反复无常被大量的产生花粉所补偿, 以至于新种子的最终产生被保
证了, 其代价是产生远远多于实际使用量的花粉。
87. Because the potential hazards pollen grains are subject to as they are
transported over long distances are enormous, wind pollinated plants have,
in the view above, compensated for the  ensuing loss of pollen through
happenstance by virtue of producing an amount of pollen that is one to
three orders of magnitude greater than the amount produced by species
pollinated by insects. （5）
由于花粉粒在其长距离的运输过程中所要面临的潜在危险是巨大的, 按上述观点来看,
由风授粉的植物补偿了通过偶发事件而伴随造成的花粉损失。其途径是, 制造出大于昆
虫授粉的植物种类所产生的花粉量的一至三个数量级的花粉量。
88. For example, the spiral arrangement of scale-bract complexes on
ovule-bearing pine cones, where the female reproductive organs of conifers
are located, is important to the production of airflow patterns that spiral
over the cone's surfaces, thereby passing airborne pollen from one scale to
the next. （5）
例如, 带有胚珠的松球的鳞苞综合体的螺旋状安排, 亦即松柏目植物雌性殖器官的所在
位置, 对于气流模式的形成与产生殊为重要, 而这些气流模式在松球的表现盘旋上升,
从而把在空气中飞行的花粉从一个鳞苞传播至下一个鳞苞。
89. Friedrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from
the "social, legal, and economic subordination" of the family by
technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole
female sex into public industry". （3+）
FE,却预测妇女们将被从家庭的"社会、法律和经济压迫"中解放出来, 只是通过使得征召
"整个女性阶层进入公共的工业中去"成为可能的技术进步的方式做到的。
90. It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation
of secretarial work,   previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning
managers, from administrative work that in the 1880's created a new class
of "dead-end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women's work." （5）十九世纪八十
年代, 产生了新的一类"没前途"的职业, 这并不是因为办公室技术发生了改变, 而是由
于秘书工作--在此之前被视作是初起步的经理们的一种习见训练--与行政工作的分离。
自此以后, 这类"没前途"的职业便被视作是"女人的工作。"
注：本文难度再分不清separation … from 的搭配关系
91. The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home
in the twentieth  century had less to do with the mechanization of
housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with
their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the
available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only
women employers would hire. （5）
二十世纪已婚妇女在家庭以外就业的人数不断增加, 这与家务的机械化及这些妇女闲暇
时间的增加并无多大联系, 更多地是与妇女自身的经济需要和高婚姻率相关。高婚姻率
致使所能雇佣的单身女工的总量缩减, 而在此之前的许多情形中, 单身女性则是雇主们
所愿雇佣的唯一-一类妇女。 The pool of 如果后面跟着一群人, 则表示劳动力资源
92. For one thing, no population can be driven entirely by
density-independent factors all the time.（5）难句类型：正话反说
请思考：如果文中说这句话的前提是：all population are driven by two (and
only two) categories of growth parameters, one is density-independent
factors, and the other is density-independent factors. 那么作者说上面的这句话
有什么用意。
93. In order to understand the nature of the ecologist's investigation, we
may think of the density-dependent effects on growth parameters as the
"signal" ecologists are trying to isolate and interpret, one that tends to
make the population increase from relatively low values or decrease from
relatively high ones, while the density-independent effects act to produce
"noise" in the population dynamics. （5）
为了能理解生态学家们所从事的研究的性质, 我们可以把那些作用于增长参数的密度依
赖效应视作生态学家们力图将其分离并予以解释的"信号", 正是这一信号倾向于使种群
从相对较低的数值递增, 或从相对较高的数值递减; 而与此同时, 那些密度独立效应起
到的作用则构成了种群动态变化中的"噪音"。
94. But the play's complex view of Black self-esteem and human solidarity
as compatible is no more "contradictory" than Du Bois' famous,
well-considered ideal of ethnic self-awareness  coexisting with human
unity, or Fanon's emphasis on an ideal internationalism that also
accommodates national identities and roles. （5）
但该剧有关黑人自尊可与人类团结相融合这一复杂观点, 丝毫都不比杜波伊斯（Du
Bois）的理想或法侬（Fanon）的强调来得更为"矛盾"：杜波伊斯提出的著名的、深思熟
虑的理想是, 民族的自觉可以和人类大同共存; 法侬则对理想的国际主义进行了强调,
而这一理想的国际主义同样也能兼容民族身份与角色。 No more … than :一样不
注：view        Black self-esteem           and                 human
solidarity
ideal       ethnic self-awareness       coexisting with     human unity
emphasis    national identities and roles   accommodates            
internationalism
95. In which of the following does the author of the passage reinforce his
criticism of responses such as Isaacs' to Raisin in the Sun？题干圈套 （5）
在以下哪一个选项中, 文章的作者加强了她对类似这样的对于《》做出的反应的批判呢
？
96. Inheritors of some of the viewpoints of early twentieth-century
Progressive historians such as Beard and Becker, these recent historians
have put forward arguments that deserve evaluation. （3+）
作为二十世纪早期"进步派"史学家（如Beard和Becker）等人某些观点的继承者, 这些近
期的史学家所提出的观点值得我们予以评价。
97. Despite these vague categories, one should not claim unequivocally that
hostility between recognizable classes cannot be legitimately observed. （5）

尽管存在这些模糊范畴, 但我们不应该断然声称, 在各个易于辨认出的阶层之间所存在
的敌对态度就无法被合理地观察到。
98. Yet those who stress the achievement of a general consensus among the
colonists cannot fully understand that consensus without understanding the
conflicts that had to be overcome or repressed in order to reach it. （5+）
然而, 有些史学家强调在殖民者之间曾出现过一种普遍的一致意见。这些史学家如果不
认识到各种矛盾的存在, 就无法充分地理解这种一致意见, 而所有那些矛盾只有在被克
服或压制之后才有可能获得那种一致意见。 It 指代：general consensus
99. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most
likely to agree with which of the following statements regarding
socioeconomic class and support for the rebel and Loyalist causes during
the American Revolutionary War？（5）插入语多
从文章中可以推断出来, 作者最有可能同意以下哪一个关于在美国革命战争中的社会经
济各阶层及其对叛党和保王党的支持的陈述？
100.    She wished to discard the traditional methods and established
vocabularies of such dance forms as ballet and to explore the internal
sources of human expressiveness.（5）
她希望抛弃传统的方法和像芭蕾舞这样已经确立的舞蹈语言, 而希望探索人类表现力的
内在源泉。