[i习作temp] 第一周-Issue&Argument提纲-1106柚子作文小組-A-贾柚子 [复制链接]

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电梯直达

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发表于 2010-9-27 21:57:38 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

本帖最后由 Jasperbox 于 2010-9-27 22:03 编辑

Issue： 221 54 139 125 81

221：

"Thechief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that peoplein one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at anyother time in history."

Outline
1.
agree in substance, but some of itdisagree.
Agree:
2.
History is continuous, which meansthat out present is the past of the future.
Although life is always changing, many thingsare different [facebook, twitter , youtube, cellphone, internet], some natureand essence of life and our self are still the same. Desire, beauty, peace,good hope for better life. The fundamental style of life is not changed. So….
3.
We always face some problems thatour forefather also confronted.
Dissagree:
butthis is not the only benefits. The speaker’s assertion may conceal some otherimportant factor of studying history.
1.
Some value and costume is changingas time goes by
helpus know more about our self. why we are the way we are. understanding moreinsight of us. To lead better life. [cloning, ..?]
2.
Look back past, look for solution ofproblems in front of us [energy problem, environment pollution]
3.
promote the development of some specificfield.

54
"Historyteaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to makeimportant decisions today."
提纲：（和120很像）

基本不同意
1.
历史的本质。有些是不变的，有利于了解自身
2.
有助于解决今天的问题
3.
防止犯以前的错误

但在有些方面
还是同意
1.
新的事物
2.
有些问题一直没有解决

139
"Everynew generation needs to redefine 'right' and 'wrong' in its own terms andaccording to the conditions of its own time."
基本同意，有些不同意

同意

1．
新事物的出现，对原有观念的更新与颠覆（ocerthrow）例子；一夫多妻（polygamy，monogamy）爵士乐（低俗与否）
2．
不同领域的发展，旧的理论就不对了
相对论
量子力学
量子场论？
宇宙大爆炸？？

3.
生活环境的变化（人口，能源？）
观念的变化
猎杀野生动物

不同意
1.
有些基本没变。natureof human being (排比句)
2.
。。。。。？

125
"Thepast is no predictor of the future."
中庸

同意：

1.
新事物的出现，亲人未能想到的

2.
人的创造力是不能被预测的

3.
世界变的很复杂，即使可以预测，其工作量（toomuch effort）也是impossible完成的。

不同意

1.
奥威尔的话

2.
有些历史是不断重演的（经济危机？economiccrisis – defects of free market, The government ignored and failed to combinemacro-control, market regulation and effective supervision in an effective way ），分析其中的原因，有助于防止再发生。

3.
掌握一个领域的发展趋势，有助于未来科学发现。

110
"Whenwe concern ourselves with the study of history, we become storytellers. Becausewe can never know the past directly but must construct it by interpretingevidence, exploring history is more of a creative enterprise than it is anobjective pursuit. All historians are storytellers."

81
"Patrioticreverence for the history of a nation often does more to impede than toencourage progress."

Outline
[Patriotismis a love and devotion to a country for no other reason than being a residentthere. It has had different meanings over time and its meaning is highlydependent upon context, geography, and philosophy. During the 19th century,patriotism became increasingly conflated with nationalism and even jingoism.
jingoismis “extreme patriotism in the form of aggressive foreign policy”. In practice,it refers to the advocation of the use of threats or actual force against othercountries in order to safeguard what they perceive as their country's nationalinterests, and colloquially to excessive bias in judging one's own country assuperior to others – an extreme type of nationalism]
中庸

同意

1狭隘的爱国情阻碍人们接受新事物

a.
认为自己是最好的，自我优越感（china过去辉煌）
b.
自我满足不思进取
c.
导致对新事物的看法不客观
d.
名族自我保护，畏惧竞争

2在科学研究领域，对本国历史过分自豪会排斥其他国家研究者，不利于交流。（Nazi Germany—Jewishscientist
Einstein
Quantum Mechanics）

另外，适当的热爱有利于激发人们的自豪感（senseof pride）和斗志（mettle）

a民族产业~~
b历史的作用（120等）