argument11【snickers小组】提纲作业帖

zhangwanyingUID: 2775533

*******************argument提纲作业*******************
第2周； 周6； 11月13日；
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argument 11

ARGUMENT11 - The following appeared in a memo from the mayor of the town of West Egg.
"Two years ago, our consultants predicted that West Egg's landfill, which is used for garbage
disposal, would be completely filled within five years. During the past two years, however,
town residents have been recycling twice as much aluminum and paper as they did in previous
years. Next month the amount of material recycled should further increase, since charges for
garbage pickup will double. Furthermore, over ninety percent of the respondents to a recent
survey said that they would do more recycling in the future. Because of our residents' strong
commitment to recycling, the available space in our landfill should last for considerably longer
than predicted."

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请每位组员于11月13日 23:30之前，将各自的提纲贴在楼下。

daniexiaUID: 2403405

author's point: strong commitment for West Egg's residents to recycling, will make available space in landfill last for longer than predicted.
(1) Maybe aluminum and paper recycling are only a small part in garbage recycling, thus effect for garbage reduction may be trivial.
(2) Even recycling greatly multiplied, only recycling may still have little help to reduce the great amount of garbage that need to be disposed.
(3) By relying on the increasing charges of garbage pickup, the author cannot necessarily conclude that the amount of recycling will increase, too.
(4) Even though most of the town residents would take part in the recycling activity, no evidence indicates that recycling can cause considerable reduction of garbage by them.

zhangwanyingUID: 2775533

argument 11 还有argument 15 都是涉及到采访调查、数据类型的题目。
(1) No statistics are provided to show the percentage the consumption of aluminum and paper in the total amount of  junk.
(2) The sentence "town residents have been recycling twice as much aluminum and paper as they did in previous years" fails to provide precise and convincing data to describe the amount of aluminum and paper recycled in the last two years, perhaps two years ago, 1% of the aluminum and paper were recycled, and this number has been doubled to 2% in the last two years.
(3)No evidence are available to show that there is any relationship between the doubled charges for barbage pickup and the increase of amount of material recycled.
(4)The recent survey doesn't provide detailed description about the number of the respondents, and no evidence is cited to show that these respondents are local residents, further, these respondents only shew vague  attitude toward more recycling which can not be equivalent to their exact action of recycling.

zcsdtcUID: 2875047

author acclaimed  Next month the amount of material recycled should further increase, and  the available space in our landfill should last for considerably longer than predicted.
理由：1.During the past two years, however, town residents have been recycling twice as much aluminum and paper as they did in previous years.
2.charges for garbage pickup will double.
3.over ninety percent of the respondents to a recent survey said that they would do more recycling in the future
反驳：居民回收铝和纸增多，不代表回收的垃圾总量增多，而居民制造的垃圾可能增长更多，而其中铝和纸只占很少的一部分，所以尽管居民回收铝和纸增多了，可能垃圾总量还是居高不下的。
垃圾清理的费用翻倍，不是解决居民垃圾的问题的方法，翻倍收费，垃圾还是会继续产生的，而且可能因为现在生活习惯的改变，垃圾量还是会增加的。
关于近期的调查结果，人们表示愿意去回收利用垃圾，但具体参与调查的人数没有说明，参加人员的组成也没有说明，所以调查的有效性是有疑问的，即使调查结果合理，不代表大家会认真的执行，大家只是表示自己的意愿，但具体行动的人却不一定会有多少……

彼年豆蔻UID: 2791778

Argument11: 1arguer的论断的前提是回收垃圾的增多会降低垃圾填埋的速度，这个前提就是没有依据的。回收垃圾只是该镇垃圾的一部分，还有不可回收垃圾。如果该镇不可回收垃圾的数量猛增导致填埋的垃圾总量比以前还有增长，那么填埋地的使用年限反而会减少。
2 对于该坑的剩余使用时间的预测是两年前做出来的，作者并没有给出任何数据来显示现在的垃圾填埋速度。但如果垃圾总量尤其是不可回收垃圾总量上升的话，即使回收垃圾数量增多，垃圾填埋地的使用速度也会上升，填埋地的使用年限也会减少。

3 铝和纸只是可回收垃圾的两个特例，它们数量的增长并不能代表回收垃圾的总量也上升了。并且作者也没有提供任何信息来说明调查对象是否具有代表性，调查是否科学。如果调查对象只是某一特定群体，那么这个调查也不能表明全镇人对垃圾回收的态度。

4 作者认为垃圾采集费用增高会使人们更多的回收垃圾。这个也是不一定的，如果人们已经回收了可回收的所有垃圾，那么即使费用增加了，也没有更多的垃圾可以回收了，因此垃圾回收的总量也不会增加。

总结：调查现在垃圾填埋的速度及可回收垃圾占垃圾总量的比例。