【甚解小组】【TASK 5】原文抄抄抄

makedayUID: 2979091

210"Most people choose a career on the basis of such pragmatic considerations as the needs of the economy, the relative ease of finding a job, and the salary they can expect to make. Hardly anyone is free to choose a career based on his or her natural talents or interest in a particular kind of work."大多数人选择职业是基于诸如经济需求之类的实用考虑


Brooklyn: The Wall Street alternative
New Yorkers love to tease that Brooklyn is ideal for young people who love ironic eyewear, self-employment and a closet full of skinny jeans. But if the hoteliers flocking to the borough have their way, Kings County will soon swarm with a very different group of trendsetters: the ones wearing suits.
About a dozen hotels have sprouted up on the other side of the East River in the past few years, all hoping to become an alternative for business travellers who work on Wall Street, a dull neighbourhood that closes when the New York Stock Exchange does. Just a seven-minute ride cab ride over the Brooklyn Bridge, many of these new properties are closer to the world's financial hub than rooms in midtown Manhattan, plus they offer better entertainment options for almost half the room price. Since the Hilton Garden Inn opened in 2009, hospitality firm Lodging Econometrics recorded seven new hotels throughout Kings County in 2010. Fourteen more are forecasted by the end of 2013.
While each project varies in size and scope - from the massive 666-room Marriott in downtown Brooklyn, to Hotel Le Jolie (235 Meeker Ave; www.hotellejolie.com), a Williamsburg boutique with 54 Euro-inspired spaces - each one relies on New York's trove of business travellers to meet their bottom line.
"Our social customer comes on the weekends for weddings," said Jennifer Goodman, the sales manager at the 93-room NU Hotel (85 Smith St; www.nuhotelbrooklyn.com), which opened on Smith Street in downtown Brooklyn in 2008. "These businessmen and corporate accounts are integral to the hotel's success, especially during the week." To win these customers (and compete with chain rewards programs), the hotel offers surprise room upgrades to guests who have stayed five times. They will also arrange free drinks for the bar if a client is visiting. For larger groups, Goodman's team will set out coffee and cookies to turn a suite into a complimentary meeting space. And, while scores of Manhattan hotels may offer similar perks, they would be hard-pressed to compete on price. The average nightly rate in Brooklyn was $146 in 2010, according to Smith Travel Research, versus $256 in Manhattan (and $232 for the entire city). "[These hotels] represent a lower price alternative to Manhattan," said John Fox, a Senior Vice President at Colliers PKF Consulting in New York. "That is what generally drives the demand for a room in Brooklyn."
But price is not the only benefit of bunking in the borough. Were Brooklyn still its own city, it would be the fourth largest in the United States, with all the cultural cachet you can expect from a metropolis of 2.5 million. After the city re-zoned Brooklyn's downtown neighbourhoods in 2004, nearly $10 billion in private development funding has culminated in an entertainment hub that rivals Manhattan, with an up-all-night energy centred around the Brooklyn Academy of Music (30 Lafayette Ave; bam.org), an arts pavilion that shows concerts, theatre and other performances. Fresh off his Oscar circuit for The King's Speech, Geoffrey Rush will be playing the lead in The Diary of a Madman, from 11 February through 12 March. (For those more insistent on Broadway, a hidden TKTS booth is just 10 minutes away on foot -a secret paradise for discount tickets sans Times Square's terrible crowds. 1 MetroTech Center; tdf.org).

有需求就会有市场，有商机就会有商人注意到，然后必然出现新的工作需求和职位。社会竞争激烈，在无法从事自己最喜爱的工作或者自己最喜爱的工作的薪水无法满足需求时，很多人选择了相对较符合或者虽然不符合但是可以使自己自给自足的工作。这是当今科技高度发达和人类需求增长所带来的必然结果，大量的需求带来了大量的相关工作需求，所以很多人选择了门槛较低的工作，或者等待良机转去做自己梦想的工作，或者安于简单的生活继续在并不是最爱的工作岗位上。

makedayUID: 2979091

科技发展对人类的影响：
The place of technology in modern society is a subject of continuing controversy. Key issue includes not only the impact of technology on quotidian life but also the need to control the development and uses of technological innovations so that they benefit all aspects of community.

正面:

Many technological developments during the last century have helped reduce human suffering. Consider, for instance, technology that enables computers to map Earth’s geographical features from outer space. This technology allows us to locate lands that can be cultivated for feeding malnourished people in third-world countries. And, few would disagree that humanity is the beneficiary of the myriad of 20th century innovations in medicine and medical technology—from prostheses and organ transplants to vaccines and lasers.

20th century technological innovation has enhanced the overall standard of comfort level of developed nations. The advent of steel production and assembly-line manufacturing created countless jobs, stimulated economic growth, and supplied a plethora of innovative conveniences. More recently, computers have helped free up out time by performing repetitive tasks: have aided in in the design of safer and more attractive bridges, buildings, and vehicles; and have made possible universal access to information.

反面:

For every new technological breakthrough that helps reduce human suffering is another that serves primarily to add to that suffering. For example, while some might argue that physics researchers who harnessed the power of the atom have provided us with an alternative source of energy and invaluable “peace-keepers”, this argument flies in the face of hundreds of thousands of innocent people murdered and maimed by atomic blasts, and by nuclear meltdowns. And in fulfilling the promise of “better living through chemistry” research has given us chemical weapons for human slaughter. In short, so-called “advance” that scientific research has brought about often amount to net losses for humanity.

Technological development has already brought about environmental problems. Many things these days cause pollution such as cars, air conditioners, refrigerators, factories, etc. All these things together can cause a pollution problem in the society today. Refrigerators and air conditioners are a problem to the zone because of the liquid called Freon--when these liquids are released from damaging the machine, it releases a gas that breaks down the zone layers. In addition, cars also can cause a lot of pollution because of the carbon monoxide it produces. This would cause the air to be bad, cause global warming, and would also cause acid rain.

周九UID: 2769406

2天mark~

makedayUID: 2979091

Nasa Glory mission ends in failure

The US space agency's (Nasa) attempt to launch its latest Earth observation mission has ended in failure.
The Glory satellite lifted off from California on a quest to gather new data on factors that influence the climate.
But about three minutes into the flight, telemetry indicated a problem.
It appears the fairing - the part of the rocket which covers the satellite on top of the launcher - did not separate properly.
This would have made the rocket too heavy and therefore too slow to achieve its intended 700km orbit.

"All indications are that the satellite and the rocket are in the Southern Pacific Ocean somewhere," said launch director Omar Baez.
The loss of the $464m (£260m) Glory mission is a huge blow to the Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC) as well as Nasa. The company makes the rocket and assembled the Glory satellite for the space agency.
Climate change
Exactly the same problem befell Nasa's Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) in 2009. It too launched on a Taurus XL rocket from the Vandenberg Air Force Base, and again the fairing failed to separate properly.
On that occasion a "Mishap Investigation Board" was established to determine the root cause of the nose cone's failure and to make recommendations to remedy the malfunction. Following the board's findings, OSC took the separation initiation system used on another of its rockets, the Minotaur 4, and installed it on the XL. Friday's launch was the XL's return to flight after the OCO loss.

"There's a great deal of emotional investment on the part of all the players on any spaceflight but that's doubly so on a return to flight," said Ron Grabe, the general manager of OSC's launch services group. "I think it's not an understatement to say that tonight we're all pretty devastated."
Glory was carrying two instruments. One of its instruments would have measured the total energy coming from the Sun; the other would have looked at particles in the atmosphere that can trap that energy or scatter it back out into space.
Understanding both is vital to our ability to forecast future climate change.
The Taurus XL is the smallest ground-launched rocket currently in use by the US space agency.
Since its debut in 1994, this type of rocket has flown nine times, with six successes and three failures including this launch. This was the second time Nasa had tried to launch a satellite on the XL.
The OCO mission which failed in 2009 is being rebuilt and is due to be launched on another Taurus XL rocket in 2013.
"OCO-2 is in development and a couple of years away from launch yet," explained Mike Luther, a senior official from Nasa headquarters in Washington DC. "We'll have to evaluate the outcome of this investigation and we'll adjust our plans accordingly."

关于实用主义以及理想之间的问题。

周九UID: 2769406

3rd mark

makedayUID: 2979091

February jobs report: Unemployment falls again
NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- The jobs outlook brightened in February, as strong business hiring helped trim unemployment to its lowest level in nearly two years.
The unemployment rate fell to 8.9% last month, from 9.0% in January, the best reading since April of 2009. The unemployment rate has now fallen nearly a full percentage point in the last three months, the most rapid improvement in nearly 28 years.

• Email
• Print

Economists surveyed by CNNMoney were expecting the unemployment rate to edge up to 9.2%.
The economy gained 192,000 jobs in the month, roughly in line with economists' forecast of 190,000 jobs. Businesses added 222,000 jobs -- their best hiring month since last April -- while state and local governments cut 30,000 jobs.
Another good sign: More jobs were added in the previous two months than originally thought. Readings for December and January were revised upward by a combined 58,000 jobs.
The report could mean that the labor market has finally turned the corner and should start to help overall economic growth going forward, said Sung Won Sohn, economics professor at Cal State University Channel Islands.
"The last piston in the economic engine has begun to fire," he said.
Despite the recent improvement, unemployment remains significantly higher than before the Great Recession hit. Austan Goolsbee, the chairman of the White House Council of Economic Advisors, acknowledge more needs to be done to replace the 8 million jobs lost during the worst of the recession, despite the signs of improvement.
"The overall trajectory of the economy has improved dramatically over the past two years, but there will surely be bumps in the road ahead," he said. "It is important not to read too much into any one monthly report."
Why unemployment is falling
Still, businesses are clearly becoming far more confident about adding workers. Private businesses gained a total of 457,000 jobs over the last three months, even as state and local governments continued to lose jobs.
The gains have been widespread, with 68% of industries tracked by the Labor Department adding jobs in the month -- the most broad-based gain in employment across the business world since 1998.
And more job seekers are finding work. The unemployment survey -- which is compiled from a separate survey of households -- showed that 664,000 additional workers reported having a job compared to three months ago.
Lakshman Achuthan, managing director of Economic Cycle Research Institute, said this is likely a sign of a pickup in new businesses opening up, though new employers can be difficult for the government to track.
"These are things that fall under the radar," he said. "All of us probably know, anecdotally, stories of our friends and family who lost a job at a big place and took the opportunity to strike out on their own."
Another factor helping unemployment is a sharp decline in job losses. The number of people losing their jobs fell by 1.1 million since November, the biggest three-month decline since the Labor Department began tracking that number in 1967.
That improvement has also shown up in readings on jobless claims -- the number of people filing for first-time unemployment benefits hit a three-year low last week.
"We're not firing like we were and there is new business formation," said Achuthan. But he cautioned that the market is still difficult for the long-term unemployed.

Nearly 6 million Americans have been out of work for more than six months and the average duration of unemployment climbed to 37 weeks in February, a post-World War II record.
And the unemployment rate is likely to rise as the labor market continues to improve and job seekers sitting on the sidelines return to the work force, said Tig Gilliam, president of the North American unit of job placement firm Adecco.
The number of jobless people who are no longer counted as unemployed because they're not actively seeking work remained little changed at about 2.7 million.
"There are enough people who are discouraged about the job market that they just haven't actively looked," he said.