8. “No one can possibly achieve success in the world by conforming to conventional practices and conventional ways of thinking. ”
I.
Position: The statement oversimplifies the issue of conforming to conventions.
A. Conventions are rules, methods or practices established by general consensus or usage.
B. Following conventions does not necessarily lead to failures.
C. Still, one should be ready to break up conventions when they become out of date and block the way of progress.
II.
Position: oversimplifies the issue of conforming to conventions.
A. Conventions are rules, methods or practices established by general consensus or usage. (Lawyers, legal cases, 法律上案件的判定很大程度参考了过去的案例。)
B. Following conventions does not necessarily lead to failures. (”When in Rome, do as the Roman do”)
C. On the other hand, one should be ready to break up conventions when they become out of date and block the way of progress.
9. “A school or college should pay its teachers at the same rate in all disciplines, regardless of differences in salaries for related fields in the world outside of school. For example, entry-level teachers in mathematics and in the arts should receive the same pay, even if outside of school, math specialists earn a much higher salary on average than do specialists in the arts. ”
I.
Position: A school or college should take into consideration the situation of the job market when paying teachers.
A. The principle of fairness requires equal pay for equal amount of work.
B. On the other hand, the principle of market economy demands that people with scarce skills in the market receive higher pay.
C. Admittedly, math specialists who choose education as their career should be prepared for lower pay than what they can earn from the market.
II. (这个记的比较凌乱了,真是不好意思啊……孙没有怎么说)
公平,按劳付酬
principle of the market
特殊专业,如法律,医学等
应用专业的领域的教师不应该expect和在其他行业同酬,因为有稳定的收入来源。
10. “Instead of requiring students to take courses in a variety of disciplines—that is, courses ranging from the arts and the humanities to the physical and biological sciences—colleges and universities should allow students to enroll only in those courses that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields. Such concentration is necessary in today’s increasingly work-oriented society. ”
I.
Position: Concentration on a narrow field does more harm than good to students who aspire to succeed in their careers after graduation.
A. The assumption underlying this statement is that interdisciplinary courses have nothing to do with students’ job preparation, which is unfounded.
B. Besides training qualified workers for the market, education should also aim at cultivating students in an all-round way.
II. 不完全赞同
A. Career preparation is indeed one of the most important goals of university.
B. Qualified citizens of society should also have acquired knowledge in politics, law, history and so on.
C. Happy human beings, complete person. The ability to enjoy life, listen to the music, read books and something like that.