有木有潜伏在G版的托福党啊，寻找托福口语小伙伴啊！！

无敌浩克OneUID: 3605802

robin五步阅读法：
第一步，打开word,写上要读的文章， 然后精读文章，用5分钟（以后逐渐减少，最终目标是3分钟到3分30s）

第二步，根据你的记忆，按照文章所给的内容，写出你能记忆的所有的东西，顺序写

第三步，写出中心论点，比如 Though China is making efforts to clean its air, it will be a long time before benefits are seen and problems will continue to arise.

第四步，根据记忆写每一个段落的作用，比如 Background information, current problem, elucidating ways to read information given, return to problem and potential short-term solution, problems for that as well. Conclusion no clear cut solution but changes are being made.

第五步，写出作者的观点，态度

很早之前我自己就想这么干了，也不知道是早年间看过Robin的这个五步法？（印象中是从来没看过的，因为看题目觉得5步做对阅读太不可能了，所以就没看，果然当时的心态很稚嫩啊，现在却觉得很高兴，自己就有了这个认识上的进步！）

2015.3.31开始！！
虽然这样读每一篇文章时间会变慢，但是总比之前读了很多文章却没有实际进步要好得多！！加油！！读一篇是一篇！！

无敌浩克OneUID: 3605802

1) Why is the right answer right?
2) Why is my wrong answer wrong?
3) What about the right answer made me think it was wrong?
4) What about the wrong answer made me think it was right?

The first two are the normal review questions, but the second two are arguably more important. Those ones are going to tell you which errors in reasoning you're committing, and they're going to tell you which tricks the test-writers are using that you fall for.


common types of wrong answers!
1. Out of Scope
• Introduces an unwarranted assertion supported nowhere in the passage.
• Might be “Real-World Plausible.” That is, the answer might be true or seem to be true in the real world. However, if the answer is not supported in the passage, it is out of scope.

2. Direct Contradiction
• States the exact opposite of something asserted in the passage.
• Paradoxically attractive, because it relates to the passage closely. If you miss one contrast or switchback in the trail, you can easily think a Direct Contradiction is the right answer.

3. Mix-Up
• Scrambles together disparate content from the passage.
• Tries to trap the student who simply matches language, not meaning.

4. One Word Wrong
• Just one word (or maybe 2) is incorrect. Includes extreme words.
• More prevalent in General questions.

5. True but Irrelevant
• True according to the passage, but does not answer the given question.
• May be too narrow or simply unrelated.

无敌浩克OneUID: 3605802

robin的经验先看这一点，先把这一点实践了，再继续看！

蓝色未来UID: 3601741

无敌浩克One 发表于 2015-3-31 10:27
2015.3.30总结
这两天才仔细的看了crazyrobin人称ben叔的一系列经验。
ben叔刚刚备考的时候，正是我第一次 ...

毫不夸张你真是个名副其实的学霸啊，这个学习的精神和态度真是让人叹为观止，太棒了！真是让人难以望其项背啊！十年寒窗，孜孜不倦，学富五车，还是个谦谦君子！另外，与人为善，绝甘分少！你定是非池中物，表似不耻下问，移樽就教，实则深藏若虚，不露圭角！这真是我们该学习的地方！赞赞赞！

无敌浩克OneUID: 3605802

2015.3.30 comprehension note
this is a long passage from 91/02 test.
I didn't fully understand the complicated sentences in the passage which should draw my extra attention at the next time I read this!!

Some recent historians have argued that life in the British colonies in America from approximately 1763 to 1789 was marked by internal conflicts among colonists. Inheritors of some of the viewpoints of early twentieth-century Progressive historians such as Beard and Becker, these recent historians have put forward arguments that deserve evaluation.
　　The kind of conflict most emphasized by these historians is class conflict. Yet with the Revolutionary War dominating these years, how does one distinguish class conflict within that larger conflict? Certainly not by the side a person supported. Although many of these historians have accepted the earlier assumption that Loyalists represented an upper class, new evidence indicates that Loyalists, like rebels, were drawn from all socioeconomic classes. (It is nonetheless probably true that a larger percentage of the well-to-do joined the Loyalists than joined the rebels.) Looking at the rebel side, we find little evidence for the contention that lower-class rebels were in conflict with upper-class rebels. Indeed, the war effort against Britain tended to suppress class conflicts. Where it did not, the disputing rebels of one or another class usually became Loyalists. Loyalism thus operated as a safety valve to remove socioeconomic discontent that existed among the rebels. Disputes occurred, of course, among those who remained on the rebel side, but the extraordinary social mobility of eighteenth-century American society (with the obvious exception of slaves) usually prevented such disputes from hardening along class lines. Social structure was in fact so fluid—though recent statistics suggest a narrowing of economic opportunity as the latter half of the century progressed—that to talk about social classes at all requires the use of loose economic categories such as rich, poor, and middle class, or eighteenth-century designations like “the better sort.” Despite these vague categories, one should not claim unequivocally that hostility between recognizable classes cannot be legitimately observed. Outside of New York, however, there were very few instances of openly expressed class antagonism.
　　Having said this, however, one must add that there is much evidence to support the further claim of recent historians that sectional conflicts were common between 1763 and 1789. The “Paxton Boys” incident and the Regulator movement are representative examples of the widespread, and justified, discontent of western settlers against colonial or state governments dominated by eastern interests. Although undertones of class conflict existed beneath such hostility, the opposition was primarily geographical. Sectional conflict—which also existed between North and South—deserves further investigation.
　　In summary, historians must be careful about the kind of conflict they emphasize in eighteenth-century America. Yet those who stress the achievement of a general consensus among the colonists cannot fully understand that consensus without understanding the conflicts that had to be overcome or repressed in order to reach it.

18. The author most likely refers to “historians such as Beard and Becker” (lines 5-6) in order to
　　(A) isolate the two historians whose work is most representative of the viewpoints of Progressive historians
out of scope and kind of mix-up. the writer talked about the inheritors view next, so he didn't isolate the two historians. He only used them as the example of whom the inheritors learning from. besides, though the inheritors' opinion deserved evaluation, the writer never mentioned them as the most importance.
　　(B) emphasize the need to find connections between recent historical writing and the work of earlier historians
not relevant and even did not mentioned directly in the passage
　　(C) make a case for the importance of the views of the Progressive historians concerning eighteenth-century American life
one word wrong. deserve evaluation does not mean most importance.
　　(D) suggest that Progressive historians were the first to discover the particular internal conflicts in eighteenth-century American life mentioned in the passage
one word wrong, no "first" at all.
　　(E) point out historians whose views of history anticipated some of the views of the recent historians mentioned in the passage
In the next paragraph, the writer began to talk about the view of the inheritors. So, the writer listed the two historians only for examplying the people whom the inheritors learning from.


I did it wrong because I didn't know the meaning of "inheritor" and failed to infer the meaning at the first time I read for I didn't realize that this word is the key to answer this quesion.

19. According to the passage, Loyalism during the American Revolutionary War served the function of
　　(A) eliminating the disputes that existed among those colonists who supported the rebel cause
part of the function, how to elimatinate is not explained in this choice which make the E a better choice
　　(B) drawing upper, as opposed to lower, socioeconomic classes away from the rebel cause
out of scope: the writer did not mention upper class in the relative part
　　(C) tolerating the kinds of socioeconomic discontent that were not allowed to exist on the rebel side
out of scope: the discontent is existed in rebel side not Loyalism side, as a result, by joining the Loyalism side can help the once rebel members stop feeling discontent
　　(D) channeling conflict that existed within a socioeconomic class into the war effort against the rebel cause
out of scope: the writer did not mention anything about channeling conflict
　　(E) absorbing members of socioeconomic groups on the rebel side who felt themselves in contention with members of other socioeconomic groups
the two relative sentences: the disputing rebels ... usually became loyalists. Loyalism thus operated as a safety valve to remove discontent among the rebels.
the function of Loyalism is obviouly that to remove the discontent( in contention with) in rebels by changing them to Loyalists( absorbing rebel members)


I did it wrong because I did not find out the key word astutely. the key sentence is Loyalism thus operated as a safety valve to ...
there is a "thus" in the sentence, so to find out the reason, I need to check the information showed before this sentence which lead to the finding of this one: the disputing rebels ... usually became loyalists.

无敌浩克OneUID: 3605802

蓝色未来 发表于 2015-3-31 12:47
毫不夸张你真是个名副其实的学霸啊，这个学习的精神和态度真是让人叹为观止，太棒了！真是让人难以望其项 ...

不知道还以为你是文言文学院的呢，我惶恐，你看这个帖子第一楼的自述。。。真的哪里是学霸了呀。。。PS与其观望不如赶紧行动啊！都没见你来发题目和总结！

无敌浩克OneUID: 3605802

2015.3.30 comprehension note!
I rememered that when I first read this passage, I couldn't understand most sentences of it and failed to figure out the relationship between music and culture preservation!
This  time I do much better! The progress elates me!!

Scholars often fail to see that music played an important role in the preservation of African culture in the United States. They correctly note that slavery stripped some cultural elements from Black people—their political and economic systems—but they underestimate the significance of music in sustaining other African cultural values. African music, unlike the music of some other cultures, was based on a total vision of life in which music was not an isolated social domain. In African culture music was pervasive, serving not only religion, but all phases of life, including birth, death, work, and play. The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community perceives as essential. Music, like art in general, was so inextricably a part of African culture that it became a crucial means of preserving the culture during and after the dislocations of slavery.

17.        The primary purpose of the passage is to
The first sentence of the passage: scholars often fail to ...
so the verb correct should be right.
a little tip here, I only need to read the verbs in the answer chioce to save time.
(A) analyze the impact that slavery had on African political and economic systems
(B) review the attempt of recent scholarship to study the influence of African music on other music
(C) correct the failure of some scholars to appreciate the significance of music in African culture
(D) survey the ways by which people attempt to preserve their culture against the effects of oppression
(E) compare the relative importance of music with that of other art forms in culture
18.        In line 9, the phrase “isolated social domain” refers to
取非题(how to speak this in English?)
relative sentence:African music, unlike the music of some other cultures, was based on a total vision of life which music was not an isolated social domain.
the african music is not an isolated social domain. so the opposite one, other music is isolated social domain. B is right
don't need to see other choice, because B is so right!
(A) African music in relation to contemporary culture as a whole
(B) music as it may be perceived in non-African cultures
(C) a feature of African music that aided in transmitting African cultural values
(D) an aspect of the African cultural legacy
(E) the influence of music on contemporary culture
The last time I did this question, I could not understand Why is B the right answer even after I looked the explanation of the question.（by the way, most of the explanations are equivocal! disappointing for a test taker who just started to prepare with limited ability) But this time I figured it myself because I have understood the sentence! Therefore, the ability to understand the meaning is the essential element that I need to hold in GRE comprehension test.
20.        According to the author, scholars would err in drawing which of the following conclusions?
I.        Slavery stripped the slaves of their political and economic systems.
relative sentence in the passage:slavery stripped some cultural elements from Black people—their political and economic systems
II.        African music was similar to all other traditions of music in that it originated in a total vision of life.
direct contradict! relative sentence:African music, unlike the music of some other cultures, was based on a total vision of life. unlike, not similar
III.        Music was a crucial part of the African cultural legacy.
the whole passage talked about this point.
I did this wrong only because I didn't see the key word in the question: err

蓝色未来UID: 3601741

无敌浩克One 发表于 2015-3-31 15:32
不知道还以为你是文言文学院的呢，我惶恐，你看这个帖子第一楼的自述。。。真的哪里是学霸了呀。。。PS与 ...

哈哈哈 哪有文言文学院 就是心里赞扬你一番  我都是纸质的题目 没有电子档 我打字不可能打到这么多啊 所以题目就上传不了啊 你上传的都是经典啊！

无敌浩克OneUID: 3605802

2015.3.31 comprehension note!

The recent, apparently successful, prediction by mathematical models of an appearance of El Nino—the warm ocean current that periodically develops along the Pacific coast of South America—has excited researchers. Jacob Bjerknes pointed out over 20 years ago how winds might create either abnormally warm or abnormally cold water in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Nonetheless, until the development of the models no one could explain why conditions should regularly shift from one to the other, as happens in the periodic oscillations between appearances of the warm El Nino and the cold so-called anti-El Nino. The answer, at least if the current model that links the behavior of the ocean to that of the atmosphere is correct, is to be found in the ocean.
It has long been known that during an El Nino, two conditions exist: (1) unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific, principally along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru, and (2) winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in the east. These winds tend to create a feedback mechanism by driving the warmer surface water into a “pile” that blocks the normal upwelling of deeper, cold water in the east and further warms the eastern water, thus strengthening the wind still more. The contribution of the model is to show that the winds of an El Nino, which raise sea level in the east, simultaneously send a signal to the west lowering sea level. According to the model, that signal is generated as a negative Rossby wave, a wave of depressed, or negative, sea level, that moves westward parallel to the equator at 25 to 85 kilometers per day. Taking months to traverse the Pacific, Rossby waves march to the western boundary of the Pacific basin, which is modeled as a smooth wall but in reality consists of quite irregular island chains, such as the Philippines and Indonesia.
When the waves meet the western boundary, they are reflected, and the model predicts that Rossby waves will be broken into numerous coastal Kelvin waves carrying the same negative sea-level signal. These eventually shoot toward the equator, and then head eastward along the equator propelled by the rotation of the Earth at a speed of about 250 kilometers per day. When enough Kelvin waves of sufficient amplitude arrive from the western Pacific, their negative sea-level signal overcomes the feedback mechanism tending to raise the sea level, and they begin to drive the system into the opposite cold mode. This produces a gradual shift in winds, one that will eventually send positive sea-level Rossby waves westward, waves that will eventually return as cold cycle-ending positive Kelvin waves, beginning another warming cycle.

five-step training Practice:

A recent mathmatical model help scientists to figure out why the E1-NINO goes through a circle of warm-cold mode.
The answer should be found in the sea. Then the author talked about two conditions happened in the sea.

Then the author explained the movement a negative R wave specifictly including: how this wave generating a negative signal that would not only raise the sea level of eastern side of Pacific where the warm water trend flowed but also tending to raise the sea level of western side; how the R wave moving westard till the west coach where it is broken into a K wave that will travel at the opposing direction against R wave to reach the east side of Pacific. With the promotion of earth rotation, the speed of K wave is much faster than it of R wave.
When this K wave finally reaches the east side, it generates a positive signal which makes the water temperature turn cold and thus start a new circle of water getting warm.


I am suprised that I can rememer so much details about this passage!

The function of the first paragraph is to state the TOPIC. To display the author's support for this new model by mentiong that the past method failed to explain the conditions ...
Then the second paragraph starting with continuingly talking about the answer in the sea mentioned at the end of the first paragraph: two elements: the wind and the water. Then he talked about how these two elements interacting each other. In the middle of second paragraph, the author presented one contribution of the model.
The third paragraph kept explaining the condition of wave travelling generated by the model till finally the reason of the circulation is explained.

The attitude of the writer is supporting the fundation of that math model!

-----------------------------------------------------
It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following would result fairly immediately from the cessation of the winds of an El Nino?
At first, I looked for the word cessation for several seconds. When I finally 100% sure that there was no cessation in the passage did I realize this is a question of 取非。 After all, I realized the type of the question before seeing the answer which is better than the last time. Maybe next time I could do better. Good Signal!!
I.        Negative Rossby waves would cease to be generated in the eastern Pacific.
II.        The sea level in the eastern Pacific would fall.
III.        The surface water in the eastern Pacific would again be cooled by being mixed with deep water.

I did this wrong only because I misunderstood the meaning " is generated as".
This phrase does not express a passive tense, on the contrary, it means the form of sth is, or sth is showing as the form of ...
the wind send the signal, and the signal changed into a form of R wave. so if without the wind, there would be no signal and thus no R wave at all.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously undermine the validity of the model of El Nino that is presented in the passage?
(A) During some years El Nino extends significantly farther along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru than during other years.
not mentioned, out of scope
(B) During periods of unusually cool temperatures along the eastern Pacific, an El Nino is much colder than normal.
not mentioned, out of scope
(C) The normal upwelling of cold water in the eastern Pacific depends much more on the local characteristics of the ocean than on atmospheric conditions.
not relevant: I mistook this choice the right one because there is evidence in the passage shows that the winds block the upwelling. however, this sentence is talking about what helps to lift the water not block, thus has no relation with the question.
(D) The variations in the time it takes Rossby waves to cross the Pacific depend on the power of the winds that the waves encounter.
direct contradiction: then head eastward along the equator propelled by the rotation of the Earth at a speed of about 250 kilometers per day
(E) The western boundary of the Pacific basin is so irregular that it impedes most coastal Kelvin waves from heading eastward.
relative sentence: which is modeled as a smooth wall but in reality consists of quite irregular island chains, such as the Philippines and Indonesia.
as we all know, smooth plain strengthen reflection while irregular plain lessen the reflection. So if the western boundary of pacific basin is too irregular to allow reflection, then the model will be invalid.
PS, "is modeled" is the key which means this condition is an assumtion and could be false.

I did it wrong because I failed to catch the meaning beneath which is expressed by "is modeled".

iwishicanUID: 3155544

蓝色未来 发表于 2015-3-29 21:42
我只找到了6000的啊 是我自己从比人哪里要来的 没有3000  但是可以自己分开吧 他那种方式我还是没怎么太理 ...

哦，我大概知道了，就是excel的文档，不会的标记一下，会的不管，然后到时候把不会的提出来。如此反复。

iwishicanUID: 3155544

无敌浩克One 发表于 2015-3-31 10:27
2015.3.30总结
这两天才仔细的看了crazyrobin人称ben叔的一系列经验。
ben叔刚刚备考的时候，正是我第一次 ...

很有耐心。我个人目前就是背单词，做题，填空，阅读。就是作文不知道怎么下手。

蓝色未来UID: 3601741

iwishican 发表于 2015-3-31 16:37
哦，我大概知道了，就是excel的文档，不会的标记一下，会的不管，然后到时候把不会的提出来。如此反复。

关键是很容易忘记  这需要很好的记忆力 不然每次反复的数目很大  效果不是很好啊 我是先打印记下来 然后再用Excel来检测 滚动复习 它只能作为后面反复的工具 不能是第一次就上去用Excel  这样很吃力 效果也不好啊 个人的建议是这样！

无敌浩克OneUID: 3605802

蓝色未来 发表于 2015-3-31 16:07
哈哈哈 哪有文言文学院 就是心里赞扬你一番  我都是纸质的题目 没有电子档 我打字不可能打到这么多啊 所以 ...

你把题目的话打一句在网上一搜就出来文章了，都有现成的打好的，复制粘贴就可以啦
不贴出来，没法知道你都做了什么有什么想法啊，就没法交流做题的心得了呀！

无敌浩克OneUID: 3605802

iwishican 发表于 2015-3-31 16:38
很有耐心。我个人目前就是背单词，做题，填空，阅读。就是作文不知道怎么下手。

作文的确最抽象，不过等其他的都搞定了，说不定就有思路了，先搞定其他的吧

iwishicanUID: 3155544

无敌浩克One 发表于 2015-3-31 17:05
作文的确最抽象，不过等其他的都搞定了，说不定就有思路了，先搞定其他的吧

哦，也许吧。我也有在看作文方面的内容。只是没有下笔。