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发表于 2004-12-4 10:50:05
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There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective ; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires."
According to the speaker, none of observation is purely objective and all is subjective. The subjectivity stems out of (是想表述来自于。。。的意思吧,美国传统词典给出一个stem from的短语,我不知道有没有stem out of 的说法)an observer's expectations or desires. Basically, his point of view is comprehensive, noticing that both the objectivity and subjectivity are have (语法错误)correlation with an observation and analyzing what is the factor leading to it. Unfortunately, he adheres too much emphasis to subjectivity and pays little attention to the opposite. As a matter of fact, objectivity, believe or not, plays an necessary and even indispensable role in observing, which may beyond the speaker's expectation.
It is no wonder that purely objective observation does not exist in the world. On account of individual expectations or desires, all observations are subjective. Our routine experiences inform us this many times: When people stay at home, they may argue with our wives or husbands(这句话。。。人们同我们的老婆和丈夫谈论?晕了) referring to a phenomenon which they just observed ealier; when people are on the way to school or work, they may assemble together to comment what an observer just said; when people are absorbed in their devoted work, they show no gratification to other observer's standpoint or angle, which is usually not rare. The subjectivity has not only been proved in daily life, but also been proved by academic fields. In retrospect, people would find that, history has witnessed the dramatic changes in human society(这句不错,赞). Every day, there spring up countless creative accomplishments in nearly all the fields, which should be attributed to the dedication of subjectivity(这句话没有根据,能说明为什么要归咎于主观观察才行). It is the subjectivity that result in different observations, then(改用连词and) these observations bring about fresh air to work. At last, they would be adopted by societies(这个论点没太好的说服力,实际上,在科研领域,引入主观的观察是不利于研究展开的,例如,我们要对一个物体内部的温度分布进行观察分析,如果不同的人根据自己的主观意愿来观察的话,有可能得出不同的,甚至是完全相反的结果:一些人可能跟多考虑的是对流造成的影响,另一些人考虑的是辐射的影响。侧重点不同,结论也就不同). It is not too difficult to imagine a world shorn of (没见过)subjectivity. All the observation would be homogeneous and no diversity would be a thing of past(没读懂,). The how unrelievedly boring life would be!(没读懂)
你的论点是客观很重要,但花这么一大段来描写主观无处不在有点得不偿失了,特别是你的以下的论证如果被这段的论证所overshadow的话,就可能被认为跑题了。
What are reasons accounting for it? The speaker is true, he told us an observer's expectations or desires are the origin. These are subjective(觉得这句话太中文化了), accordingly, an observation must be subjective. Nevertheless(好像不是转折关系), it should not be neglected that, an observation, when finished, is the combination of one's standpoint, which is called expectations and desires by the speaker, and the object itself. Sometimes, an object shows the feature of subjectivity owing to its complexity and uncertainty. Concretely speaking(没见过这种用法), suppose one is painting an apple, when he puts it in a dark room, he would construct an atmosphere of silence and stillness. But when he puts it in the sunlight, the atmosphere is warm and animated. That exactly demonstrates how an object is subjective. Under the circumstances, an observation is of course subjective because the two aspects are not objective.
首先,感觉这段逻辑有点混乱。其次,你的论点是讲客观啊,为什么到现在一点客观的影子都没有?算是跑题了
However, more often than not, an object is prone to be objective and there is not staggering disparity among observers' expectations or desires. Take that apple as example again, albeit the created atmosphere is not the same, the apple is the apple. It will not be a pear just because the place where it is put changed. In other word(words), the nature of this object keeps constant. Thus, subjectivity is limited and not absolute. Frequently disparate(disparateness) finds the occurred(occurrence) in the same fields refer to a same or similar object(这句话语法不对,出现了两个谓语), but they still can communicate with each other, they still can improve their theory relied on criticisms from the rivals. All these should be ascribed to objectivity, which is derived from constant nature of objects. As for people's standpoints, though they vary according to their differant background, interest, predilection, they are comparatively congruous. Maybe what is the specific expection is not certain, but usually it must be related with goodness, interity and so forth.
终于讲到客观的不可缺少性等东东了,但我觉得晚了,即便从篇幅来说,你主要在论证主观无所不在和为什么无所不在,同论点毫不相干
When the two aspects are prone to be objective, the observation is objective. The objectivity is as necessary and essential as subjectivity as for its functions and importance. Without it, then it id meaningless to study English hard for nobody would understand another's thoughts.
All and all(all in all), both the subjectivity and objectivity, for an observer, are significant(你的论点是客观对于观测者来说是重要的,但这句话成了客观和主观都重要,算是跑题了). Any of observation consists of these elements. Hence there is no purely objective observation but also no purely subjective observation.
语言有很多亮点,值得我学习,但内容还待加强。
两点:
首先,跑题。这种跑题是那种完全跑的形式,表现在论据同论点严重脱节
其次,逻辑不够严谨。
个人意见,仅供参考。我原来经常跑题,所以对这方面比较敏感,按牛粪的话说,是过于敏感了,不管怎么样,意见及供参考,欢迎讨论,共同进步。 |
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