从科研论文回看GRE写作[闲聊]

davidjackyUID: 135962

告别寄托考试生涯已有近一年的时间，但是此后的每天几乎都和一大堆科研论文打交道，近日读到一篇专业的review，我简单的分析了它的摘要部分，略有心得，迫不及待和诸位分享一下，这里我想强调的一点的是，不管是那个专业，GRE的学习尤其是GRE的写作，对于我们这些人科研人员来讲，是终生受益的。

第一，词汇。没有背过红宝书，至少有一些单词不认识（除了那些专业词汇）。

第二，短语。文中标记的短语我们在GRE写作也会信手拈来。

第三，论证方式。文章先说药物发现的一般原则，然后话锋一转，说BPs不是这样的，然后从两个方面说他不是，当然这是摘要，就没有详细的展开，我们在写作时一定要对自己提出的TS进行完美展开，深入论述，哪怕是举个小例子。

【反思】GRE写作不比学术论文，但是学好GRE写作对于科研论文的撰写作用不同凡响，尽管这不是学GRE的初衷，至少不是我的

Nitrogen-Containing Bisphosphonate Mechanism of Action
出自：Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, 2004, 4, 711-719
Alfred A. Reszka* and Gideon A. Rodan

【The current paradigm for drug discovery】 requires the identification of a target 【involved in】 the disease process (e.g. enzyme or receptor) and【连接的是identification和development】 the development of an appropriate ligand (activator, inhibitor or selective modulator). Selection of ligands for clinical development 【is based on】 the therapeutic window 【between】 efficacy vs. safety 【and】 ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination) considerations.【背景介绍，药物发现的一般规则】 For bisphosphonates (BPs) the process has not followed that paradigm.【反对意见，二元膦酸盐不适合这个法则，怎么不适合呢，下面具体的说了两个方面：第一，BPs非常之吸收低、易沉积到骨；第二，临床使用20多年也没有搞清它的分子作用机制】 BPs have very low absorption and are retained in 【bone, their target tissue同位语】. A few have been used on a limited basis for over 20 years in diseases of rapid bone destruction (e.g. post-menopausal osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, bone metastases, etc.), without understanding their molecular mechanism of action. The nitrogen-containing BPs (N-BPs) are 【the latest】 and 【most potent】 addition to this family of compounds and have 【the widest】 use【三最】. They have high potency, are specifically targeted to the osteoclast on bone and are used at very low doses (5-10 mg clinically)【学习一下人家如何把三个简单句放在一起，注意一下逻辑关系】. Over the last four years, there was significant progress in elucidating the mechanism of action of BPs, both lacking and containing nitrogen. This review will 【focus on】 the mechanism of action of the N-BPs, 【specifically,学会这种举例的方法】 alendronate (ALN) and risedronate (RIS), the two agents most widely used. For these and all other N-BPs, the molecular target is the 【isoprenoid biosynthetic enzyme, farnesyl diphosphate synthase本文这样的同位很多，很好，否则我就看不懂了，但是我们在写作过程中不要搞太多，记得我改过一篇作文，一篇到底的自问自答，写得倒是很流畅，但是个人认为比较单一的论述方法是得不了高分的】, in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Although inhibition of this enzyme by N-BPs 【results in】 the suppression【换词，前后两个抑制inhibition, suppression】 of sterol biosynthesis, 【it is actually】 disruption of a branch pathway, isoprenylation, 【that强调句式】 【is responsible for】 N-BP 【pharmacological activity】. Isoprenylation involves covalent linkage of the 15 or 20 carbon isoprene moiety farnesyl diphosphate or geranylgeranyl diphosphate, respectively, to the carboxy-terminus of regulatory proteins, 【including引起例子】 the small GTPases Ras, Rac, Rho and Cdc42. 【The latter】 three, 【as well as】【 numerous 】others, are geranylgeranylated and 【play a】 rate-limiting 【role in】 the activity of the bone-resorbing osteoclast. This targeted osteoclast inhibition 【accounts for】 the potency of the N-BPs 【and for】 their ability to elicit the desired therapeutic response of suppressing bone turnover. The occasional gastrointestinal irritation caused by N-BPs 【appears to be】 mechanism-based 【and is also briefly reviewed】.

DendisUID: 158017

很不错的想法，学习gre很大程度上的确是一种思维模式的变化和开拓～～～

boancquUID: 165060

Acctually I have written several English papers, so  I do have something to talk. Maybe I will talk about the relation between the two writing styles. I will take the AW on Apr. 4.

restartingUID: 195448

;) 楼主真是个有心人。赞一把先。

鬼谷子UID: 159645

不错不错
其实AW考查的目的也是要看我们以后能不能写出来论文的

poohUID: 146994

well done!

多分析多吸收别人的东西，就会有进步，其实这种过程是很有意思的。

apolloxpUID: 156355

呵呵。科研论文与议论文写作还是有不少相同之处的

山涧风笛UID: 196557

真是有心人啊，PFPF！

深谷幽兰UID: 196550

看来Ｇ的复习过程真是一个不错的机会来提高自己啊！^_^

thinking in GTUID: 195028

楼主是个有心人，备受鼓舞！