例:
3The following appeared in a newspaper article about law firms in the city of Megalopolis.
"In Megalopolis, the number of law school graduates who went to work for large, corporate firms declined by 15 percent over the last three years, whereas an increasing number of graduates took jobs at small, general practice firms. Even though large firms usually offer much higher salaries, law school graduates are choosing to work for the smaller firms most likely because they experience greater job satisfaction at smaller firms. In a survey of first-year students at a leading law school, most agreed with the statement that earning a high salary was less important to them than job satisfaction. This finding suggests that the large, corporate firms of Megalopolis will need to offer graduates more benefits and incentives and reduce the number of hours they must work."
3. law firms in the city of Megalopolis 论断:大公司向毕业生提供更多福利、激励并减少工作时间,就能吸引毕业生前来工作。该论断的前提是与小公司相比,大公司虽然有高工资但不能提供高的工作满意度,从而失去了毕业生。 •论断的前提可疑。即进大公司工作的毕业生少了15%是否是毕业生选择的问题,而不是大公司在录用时的问题。大公司的工作复杂,工资高,内部竞争厉害,很有可能是他们提高了门槛。 •论断引用一个在大一学生里的调查作论据不合适。大一学生与毕业生之间的区别是显然易见的:专业知识少、思考问题不成熟、没有生存压力。更重要的是他们当时并不面临择业。 •论断没有提供学生对所谓工作满意的内容应该包括哪些方面,是不是仅仅是福利激励以及工作时间少,还是还有其它内容,比如工资高、发展机会多、工作环境。如果这样,单纯论断并不必然提高工作满意从而吸引学生。小公司的确有优势是大公司没有的,比如工作环境简单,新人与老板之间的沟通,较早担任重担等等。结论:论断方法当然会增加一份工作的吸引力,但没有证据证明它们是最根本或最主要的原因。而且论断忽视了最根本的问题就是大公司的需求,另外应该调查更相关一些的人。