[分享] Sample PSAT/NMSQT Questions---The Verbal Sect

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Analogy questions measure your knowledge of the meanings of words, ability to see a relationship in a pair of words, and ability to recognize a similar or parallel relationship.

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Analogies

Directions: Each question below consists of a related pair of words or phrases, followed by five pairs of words or phrases labeled A through E. Select the pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair.
question 1 of 13

hints:Here are some general hints for answering Analogy questions.

Make up a sentence that shows how the two words in CAPITAL letters work together.


Many pairs of words have more than one relationship between them.


If you find more than one answer that fits the first relationship you find in the pair of words in CAPITAL letters, you may have to define that relationship more precisely.
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question 1 of 13
SONG : REPERTOIRE::
(A) score : melody
(B) instrument : artist
(C) solo : chorus
(D) benediction : church
(E) suit : wardrobe

(from the October 1996 test)

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Correct Answer: E
Explanation: Just because choices (A) and (C) contain words that are about music does not mean they have the same relationship as the words in CAPITAL letters. A lot of SONGS make up a REPERTOIRE, just as a lot of suits make up a wardrobe.

question 2 of 13

PEDESTRIAN : WALKS::
(A) soldier : obeys
(B) runner : stretches
(C) dentist : drills
(D) bicyclist : brakes
(E) motorist : drives

(from the October 14, 1997 test)

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Correct Answer: E
Explanation: Choice (E) is the correct answer because a PEDESTRIAN, by definition, is one who WALKS just as a motorist is, by definition, one who drives. question 3 of 13

MAGNIFY : APPEARANCE::
(A) rectify : error
(B) augment : reduction
(C) probe : feeling
(D) amplify : volume
(E) distort : image

(from the October 14, 1997 test)

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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The correct answer is Choice (D) because "to MAGNIFY is to increase the APPEARANCE of something" just as "to amplify is to increase the volume of something."

question 4 of 13

EXCITEMENT : FRENZY::
(A) communication : signal
(B) strength : resistance
(C) surprise : astonishment
(D) reform : corruption
(E) fondness : hatred

(from the October 14, 1997 test)

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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The correct answer is (C) because FRENZY is great EXCITEMENT just as astonishment is great surprise.

question 5 of 13

BEST-SELLER : BOOK::
(A) anthology : poem
(B) rave : critic
(C) collector : painting
(D) performance : play
(E) hit : song

(from the October 18, 1997 test)

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Correct Answer: E
Explanation: The correct answer is Choice (E) because a BEST-SELLER is a very popular BOOK just as a hit is a very popular song.

question 6 of 13

DRAPERY : FABRIC::
(A) fireplace : wood
(B) curtain : stage
(C) shutter : light
(D) sieve : liquid
(E) window : glass

(from the October 17, 1998 test)

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Correct Answer: E
Explanation: DRAPERY is commonly made of FABRIC; only option (E), "window : glass," contains terms that exhibit a similar relationship.

question 7 of 13

BUNGLER : FINESSE::
(A) athlete : prowess
(B) thief : felony
(C) gossip : reserve
(D) preacher : oratory
(E) gourmet : cuisine

(from the October 17, 1998 test)

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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A BUNGLER is an individual who characteristically lacks FINESSE (skill or dexterity); likewise, a gossip is an individual who characteristically lacks reserve (restraint in speaking).

question 8 of 13

ENCOURAGE : COERCE::
(A) implement : accomplish
(B) suggest : command
(C) hinder : facilitate
(D) filter : separate
(E) oppose : disagree

(from the October 17, 1998 test)

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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Both capitalized words have to do with influencing someone's behavior; the crucial thing to recognize is that to COERCE (as opposed to encouraging) someone is to deprive him or her of personal choice. Both words in choice (B) also have to do with influencing another's behavior and, as in the capitalized pair, to command (as opposed to making suggestions to) someone is to deprive him or her of personal choice.

question 9 of 13

OVEREXERTION : FATIGUE::
(A) exemption : participation
(B) injury : pain
(C) labor : recreation
(D) immunity : disease
(E) transformation : deterioration

(from the October 20, 1998 test)

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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: OVEREXERTION is likely to cause FATIGUE; similarly, injury is likely to cause pain. (B) is the only choice whose terms exhibit a relationship similar to that found between the capitalized words.

question 10 of 13

UNNERVE : COMPOSURE ::
(A) deviate : individuality
(B) corrupt : purity
(C) judge : verdict
(D) shock : amazement
(E) threaten : attack

(from the October 12, 1999 test)

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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The best answer is (B). The relationship between the capitalized words can be best expressed as "To 1st someone is to make that person lose his/her 2nd." Just as to UNNERVE someone is to make her lose her COMPOSURE (her calmness and self-control), to corrupt someone is to make him lose his purity.

question 11 of 13

ELASTIC : FLEXIBLE ::
(A) diamond : hard
(B) ocean : nautical
(C) iron : rusty
(D) sandpaper : smooth
(E) water : irrigated

(from the October 12, 1999 test)

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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The best answer is (A). The relationship between the capitalized terms is best expressed as "A characteristic property of 1st is that it is 2nd." ELASTIC is, by its nature, FLEXIBLE; in the same way, a diamond is, by its nature, hard.

question 12 of 13

LETHARGIC : ENERGY ::
(A) contrived : plot
(B) desultory : direction
(C) durable : structure
(D) frenetic : activity
(E) dejected : sympathy

(from the October 12, 1999 test)

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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The best answer is (B). The relationship between the capitalized words is best expressed as "1st indicates a lack of 2nd." LETHARGIC, or sluggish, is an adjective that indicates a lack of ENERGY; similarly, desultory, which means "marked by a lack of definite plan, regularity, or purpose," is an adjective that indicates a lack of direction (in the sense of goal or purpose). question 13 of 13

JUDICIOUS : PRUDENCE ::
(A) deferential : scorn
(B) malevolent : influence
(C) indomitable : defeat
(D) stoic : hardship
(E) frivolous : giddiness

(from the October 16, 1999 test)

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Correct Answer: E
Explanation: Someone JUDICIOUS, that is, someone characterized by sound judgment, is likely to behave with PRUDENCE, that is, with caution and good judgment. Likewise, someone frivolous, someone lacking seriousness and given to levity, is likely to behave with giddiness, with lighthearted silliness. Choice (E) is the best answer.

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