Ares 作业

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Issue 4: No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study.
I strongly agree with the assertion that significant progress in knowledge requires expertise from various fields. Although mankind has undergone no general improvement in intelligence or morality, it has made extraordinary progress in accumulation and employment of knowledge. The modern civilization is the result of a balanced development of sorts of disciplines. Two examples, psychology and aeronautics can well illustrate this point.
Consider how a cross-culture psychologist’s knowledge about the  thinking is enhanced not only by the expertise of the archeologist－who unearths the evidence－but ultimately by the expertise of anthropologists, linguists, physiologists, and even mathematicians . By observing the natives’ life style and behavior, anthropologists can confer the thinking style. More wholist or analytic, for instance, can distinguish by the observation and measurement. Linguists are not only needed to interpret hieroglyphics and extrapolate from found fragments of writings, but helped to further the research field of language and thinking. The language, at certain degree, can reflex the thinking style. The linguists can even get to some conclusion from different grammars. A physician is very crucial to promote the development of psychology. How the cerebrum function never ceased to attract the physiologists and psychologists. And a mathematician can help analyze the data collected from various experiments and surveys, and further more, with the help of the artificial intelligence, the nerve network system of thinking can be calculated roughly by the mathematicians.
An even more striking example of how expertise in diverse fields is needed to advance knowledge involves the area of aeronautics. The cross-state traveling and the interstellar exploration are benefited from the dynamic development of different disciplines. Significant advancements in our knowledge of these require increasing keen tools for practice account. The availability and feasibility of the project is the domain of physics. The theory physical scientists must play a key role in deciding whether the airplane or aircraft would be possible match the Nature itself. Except that, the measurement of celestial distance, mass, volumes, and so forth, are the responsibilities of astrophysicists. The materials, on the other hand, would not be ignored. The dedication of chemists and engineers and mechanics is the crux of the matter. And to build and enable these science and technologies demands the acumen and savvy of economists, business leaders, managers, and politicians. Apart from the technology questions, the maximization of income and minimization of cost made things perfect. The politicians also impulse the development, for the cross-state flying routes need the international cooperative efforts among the world wide spread scientists and governments. And ultimately, it is philosophers and moralists that remind us the being and living meaning.
In sum, no area of intellectual inquiry operates in a vacuum. With the elegant development of all disciplines, the improvement must be made in an open way. In order to make our progress greatly, we must understand that there is a confluence of knowledge under the modern circumstance. Moreover, the outsiders, both for experts and common people, are making possible the science and bring meaning to what we learn from it.

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