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发表于 2006-8-15 16:24:02
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ISSUE88 - "Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics."
In today's high digital world, technologies have a great impact in the ways of living and thinking. I agree insofar as that technologies influence social customs and ethics, the assertion that they are the determinable factors to customs and ethics, as I see it, is apparently extreme.
To begin with, social customs and ethics are handed down from generation to generation along a very long history, which are mainly determined by the character, culture and history of a nation or race. They are something steady but rather the thoughts or fashions in a certain time. No matter which nation people come from, they all treasure their customs and ethics which are the unique marks of their nation and race. Each nation still keeps its customs and ethics, despite technologies spur the development of the whole world continually and have made the way of life in different nations to be similar to some extent. For instance, when the ancestors of Americans came to and settle down in America for a short while, they were not used to the weather and the environment. With the help of the Indians, who gave them the necessity of living and taught them how to farm, they survive ultimately. After endeavors of the following year, the new inhabitants got a great harvest and invited the Indians to eat turkey to express their thanks. Albeit technology has brought America a much wealthier life from which the ancestors had led today, the custom to eat turkey in Thanks Giving Day still exist and became one of the most important customs in the America.(感觉这段的例子说的太长了,前面的一部分和TS没有太多的联系.而且也没有和TECHNOLOGY拉上关系啊?应该说的更多的是TECHNOLOGY如何发展,同时美国的文化却没有改变.比如可以说EMAIL或CELL PHONE使人们通讯更便利,但是在圣诞节这一天人们仍然聚在一起而不是用这种通讯工具进行祝福问候等等)
Technologies do have the impact to the customs and ethics,(好象上面一段没有陈述出impact) but not playing the role of determination. In the old days, people were used to send postcards to their friends when they were traveling to foreign countries as a custom to express the feeling of missing as well as to introduce the places they had visited to their friends. Now, with the developing technology, people can send E-mails instead of postcards, which is more convenient and efficient. Technologies only change the ways of expressing the emotions, in the other word, the appearance of the custom, while the essence of the customs is still the same as which of the old time. (这个好,只改变形式而没改变内涵)
Actually(用admittedly好一些吧), ethics has faced great challenge with the development of some technological areas. Euthanasia is a great problem which people all around the world have input for a long time, but the result is that almost all nations forbid the euthanasia because it is against the ethics of human. Likewise, cloning human beings is not permitted by the moral and ethics. People from different nations have come to the agreement to the probation of the human clone. So the effects of technology could mostly controlled by people, if some kinds of technologies are against the ethics, people will not accept them in order to protect the ethics and moral.(这个euthanasia值得学习~~)
In sum, customs and ethics are not determined by technologies because customs almost have historic meanings and they can reflect the character of a nation, while ethics are the criterion of moral, (分号)they are both indispensable things for a society, (and) their functions decide that they must be steady to a great extent. In a word, customs and ethics are inevitably influenced by the technologies, but they are hardly changed under the impact of technology because of their special natures. |
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