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ARGUMENT180The following is a recommendation from the personnel director to the president of Acme Publishing Company.[34]
"Many other companies have recently stated that having their employees take the Easy Read Speed-Reading Course has greatly improved productivity. One graduate of the course was able to read a five-hundred-page report in only two hours; another graduate rose from an assistant manager to vice president of the company in under a year. Obviously, the faster you can read, the more information you can absorb in a single workday. Moreover, Easy Read costs only $500 per employee—a small price to pay when you consider the benefits to Acme. Included in this fee is a three-week seminar in Spruce City and a lifelong subscription to the Easy Read newsletter. Clearly, Acme would benefit greatly by requiring all of our employees to take the Easy Read course."
提纲:
1. 作者根据其他公司上课的情况,以及课程费用的付出与培训之后得到的回报的比较,对A作出了建议:A would benefit greatly by requiring all of our employees to take the Easy Read course. To support the recommendation, 作者举出了两个例子,并推出阅读越多,能吸收的信息就越多,同时,作者还指出费用很划算。However, this argument is still problematic in several critical respects.
2. 基于false analogy。其它公司可以,不代表本公司可以。情况不同。
3. 即使对比是有效的,作者只给出的两个人的例子是不能够支持结论的。两个人之前的基本情况不知道,或许本身就很出色,没有证据说他们是上可课程之后就获得提高的,时间顺序不能表示因果。进一步来说,即使两个人是因上课获得提高,也不能说明它的课程对所有的课程是有用的。人与人是不同的。
4. 读得越快不等于吸收的越多。
5. 没有证据表示支出了学费之后一定能得到回报,即使能得到回报,也不用要求所有员工参加。分析课程的性质,有其适用范围。
6. 总结。
字数:470 时间:45分钟。。 日期:8-15
According to the situation of other companies taking the Easy Read Speed-Reading Course and the comparison between the fee and the reward of the course, the personnel director recommended that Acme would benefit greatly by requiring all of employees to take the Easy Read Course. To support the recommendation, the director took two examples and then inferred that the faster you can read, the more information you can absorb. Meanwhile, the director pointed it worthy taking the course. However, this argument is still problematic in several critical respects.
The first mistake the arguer made is that he or she made a false analogy. That many other companies have recently stated that having their employees take the Easy Read Speed-Reading Course has greatly improved productivity dose not mean that the same situation of Acme publishing company. We all know that there are all kinds of companies, such as Business Company, publishing company, Communication Company. Different type has its own characters. Accordingly, we cannot exclude the possibility that the companies the arguer mentioned above may be quite different from Acme. We should treat it case by case instead of only focusing on other companies.
The examples the arguer showed are not convincible, either. We do not know the background of these two people. It is very likely that the two people are extraordinary before taking the course. No evidence can show that they made great progress because of the course. The time order can is non-cause relation. Further more, even though they made progress because they took the course, it can not equal to the same result of everyone else. Maybe someone likes reading and studying by own self, while the other one likes taking reading course.
What is more, that the faster you can read does not mean that the more information you can absorb. The information one can absorb depends on not only the speed one can read, but one’s ability of memory, methods of memory as well. Another crucial point to absorb more information is the ability of comprehension and practice. That the faster one can read just mean that the more information one can get rather than one can absorb.
Additionally, there is no evidence that the fee is worthy. It is no need to ask all the employees to take the course even if it is worthy. The course is an easy reading course, which may be more suitable for the employees that demand to face and analyze massive information.
In sum, the personnel director made a false analogy and had other flaws, which made the recommendation unpersuasive. To convince me, the arguer had better do a deep study on the relation between Acme Company and Easy Reading Course, and give detail information about the course instead of simply basing on the comparison with other incredible information.
[ 本帖最后由 xuxinyun 于 2006-8-15 22:28 编辑 ] |
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