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发表于 2006-12-19 13:02:02
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题目:” The function of science is to reassure; the prupose of art is to upset. There lies the value of each.
提纲:”
第一段:(我第一次写,基本按照北美范文的模式)提出态度:艺术有些情况UPSET有些REASSURE,作者混淆了科学的功能.总体态度大正小负.
第二段:先小让步,指出艺术REASSURE的情况,例子(不知道怎么说)
第三段:指出艺术UPSET的情况,例子(艺术的批判性带来的不安)
第四段:指出科学功能reveal the truism,并论述这一功能可能带来的RESSUARE的情况例子(精算学Actuarial Science 减少不确定性,带来安心的效果)
第五段:指出科学的两面性(与范文中指出科学不断颠覆传统观念的说法有所不同),即UPSET的情况,例子(自动化带来的失业和核泄露)
第五段:做出总结.
正文:
The speaker asserts that the science can only fulfill its value by reassuring and the art's significance lies merely in its think it unfairly generalizes about the art's value while totally distorts the function of science.
Turn first to the arts. It is true in some cases that arts does reassure. During most of western history before the 19th century, the nature of art had been determined mainly by the government the church, the aristocracy--who embody the most powerful elite that time, as a result, artists were craftsmen at the service of leaders, and much of their work were created in order to reassure so that the public could be more easy to control.
However, in many cases, arts serves to upset .For instance, beginning about 1800,as the decadence of the government and church's power of controlling arts,more artists gradually begun to use arts as a medium to express their unique passion and criticism about the society. For example, the French painter, Honore Dmier, used his pencil to protest political oppression in the 1830s.Daumier,French painter, was imprisoned for his caricatures of the king. Apparently, their works are not reassuring, instead, they upset to their deepest private feelings and the criticism of society. Or consider Henrik Ibsen, who was almost run out of town for a play that showed the intention of a resort to poison its customers with contaminated water as long as the tourists' dollars kept pouring in. We can even conclude that the most significant arts is deeply provocative ,as the Georges Braques said ,"science reassures us, the arts disturb us."
When it comes to the function of science, in my opinion, the speaker's conclusion are completely wrongheaded. The essential objective of science, in my view, is to reveal the truism about the universe, the society and ourselves. Sometimes this revelation may provide some assuring sense. For example, the revelation of Actuarial Science, concerned with analyzing the adverse financial consequences of unpredictable losses and with designing mechanism to cushion the harmful financial effects of such losses, provide us with some comfortable reassuring feelings because by it we can control our future to some extent.
However, there are many cases where scientific revelation clearly upsets our original goals and makes us anxious or even scaring. For example, the progress in the science of automation, contributing to the development of many industry, has led an significant number of works to find themselves unemployed and lacking the quality required by the high-tech occupations of postindustrial society. Apparently, for those people, the revelation of science "upset" --at any rate for short periods--their common lives. You may disagree with this "upset" because in the long run automation may provide more "assuring" than "upset". Then consider the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear-power plant in the Soviet Union in 1986 or such events like the accident at the Three Mile Island nuclear-power plant in 1979.Here,absolutely,the revelation of science show its devastating power and strongly scares us, besides, it also demonstrates that the objective of science is not to upset or reassure, but to discover the real world.
In sum, the speaker unfairly generalizes the intention of art, both of which serve to assure in some circumstances, while to upset in other cases. When referring to science, the writer absolutely disregard that the true value of science lies in its revelation of truth, whether reassuring of upsetting.
[ 本帖最后由 wangchangxiao 于 2006-12-26 11:51 编辑 ] |
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