issue110 【自由女神小组第九次作业】

nujnujoahzUID: 2287893

TOPIC: ISSUE110 - "When we concern ourselves with the study of history, we become storytellers. Because we can never know the past directly but must construct it by interpreting evidence, exploring history is more of a creative enterprise than it is an objective pursuit. All historians are storytellers."
WORDS: 541          TIME: 60分钟         DATE: 2007-1-30

historians  theorize  historical facts
storytellers  image     imagination  extrapolation

1.differences between storytellers and historians
2.aims and functions of  storytelling and historical theorizing
3.the modern approaches make no imagination

Historians provide us exact facts long before to make us enlightened to know how our ancestors survival while storytellers give us some interesting or moving stories in the past to make us happy. There are so many differences between historians and storytellers that  historian never equal storytellers.

Firstly, there are great differences between the historians and storytellers. When a historian start to fulfill a historical problems, he must collect aboundant historical facts about the problems.
He should find some cultural relics to extrapolate what people used and how is their daily life in the certain period. Meanwhile he must read amount of historical books focusing on his interesting problems. Containing the integral information in their mind , historians can extrapolate the whole course of the historical issue, and their deduction and extrapolation must base on the exact facts really happened. And their ideas must be theorized and make majorities of  other historians to agree with them. However, when they fail to gather enough fragments to fulfill a jigsaw puzzle, he will never use their imagination to write the history of their own ,left to problem to the future for more necessary information.

On the contrary, when  storytellers meet such problem about lack of enough facts, they cannot wait to leave the problem to the future. Instead of waiting for more historical facts, they use their imagination to paint the picture of the past affairs in their mind without serious analysis and theorizing. They just  fix a half-baked building with their own-made bricks without a certain standard. So one storyteller has his own story about the history. Though it is easy to settle the historical problems ,we can never believe the stories and learn from the imagination. The stories just entertain us when we are in our leisure time.

The aims of historical theorization and storytelling are different. When a historian set a theory of a dynasty's burgeoning and waning, the political leaders nowadays can learn the truth that how to make our society boom avoid of turbulence. The young generation can admire their civil heros from the study of the history of their country. And the whole people of a nation can find a root of time from history. However, the aim of storytelling is always entertainment. When a hero walk down the historical stage and become a member of us ,we can gain lots of joys. Especially in the TV play, many editions of stories about a  hero or a emperor are playing when we are back home after a day's hard work, and it's exactly make us happy and relaxed.

However, with the development of our instruments for recording, the huge mounts of information are recorded everyday or even every second. The camera can record what exactly happened. Further more camera bring us not only the truth but the image and the sound. No one can be a liar when meet the video record. Especially, when the INTERNET is developed, the information can be recorded everywhere, everyday and by everyone. Historians will never claim about the lack of records of history while the storytellers' stories can never treat some dubious people and become just a kind of recreation or art.
Since the ubiquitous records, the duty of historians is changed from deduction and analysis to collection and integrity.

All in all, when we concern ourselves with the study of history ,we study from the exact contents of historians'  integral theory while we get fun from the funning stories of storytellers' colourful imagination.

nujnujoahzUID: 2287893

红的是我写错的词,修改的同学就直接把他改黑吧

nujnujoahzUID: 2287893

issue108. "In many countries it is now possible to turn on the television and view government at work. Watching these proceedings can help people understand the issues that affect their lives. The more kinds of government proceedings --- trials, debates, meetings, etc --- that are televised, the more society will benefit."

issue114. "Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so. Technological innovations have taken place, but the overall condition of humanity is no better. War, violence, and poverty are still with us. Technology cannot change the condition of humanity."


issue199. "Truly innovative ideas do not arise from groups of people, but from individuals. When groups try to be creative, the members force each other to compromise and, as a result, creative ideas tend to be weakened and made more conventional. Most original ideas arise from individuals working alone."

nujnujoahzUID: 2287893

https://bbs.gter.net/viewthre ... xtra=#pid1769702883

hedou992UID: 2199425

Historians provide us exact facts long before to make us enlightened to know how our ancestors survival(感觉这个词用的不恰当，live怎样？) while storytellers give us some interesting or moving stories in the past to make us happy. There are so many differences between historians and storytellers that historian never equal(to?) storytellers.
[感觉全文观点提的不是很明确，语言倒是挺简洁]

Firstly, there are great differences between the historians and storytellers. When a historian start(三人称单数) to fulfill a historical problems, he must collect aboundant(abundant) historical facts about the problems.He should find some cultural relics(是什么意思？) to extrapolate what people used and how is their daily life in the certain period. Meanwhile he must read amount of historical books focusing on his interesting problems. Containing the integral information in their mind, historians can extrapolate the whole course of the historical issue, and their deduction and extrapolation must base on the exact facts really happened. And their ideas must be theorized and make majorities of other historians to agree with them. However, when they fail to gather enough fragments to fulfill a jigsaw puzzle, he will never use their imagination to write the history of their own, left to(去掉) problem to the future for more necessary information.
[历史学家根据事实来研究历史]

On the contrary, when storytellers meet such problem about lack of enough facts, they cannot wait to leave the problem to the future. Instead of waiting for more historical facts, they use their imagination to paint the picture of the past affairs in their mind without serious analysis and theorizing. They just fix a half-baked building with their own-made bricks without a certain standard. So one(each) storyteller has his own story about the history. Though it is easy to settle the historical problems, we can never believe the stories and learn from the imagination. The stories just entertain us when we are in our leisure time.
[storytellers 可能会添加自己的想象进去]

The aims of historical theorization and storytelling are different. When a historian set a theory of a dynasty's burgeoning and waning, the political leaders nowadays can learn the truth that how to make our society boom avoid of turbulence. The young generation can admire their civil heros(heroes) from the study of the history of their country. And the whole people of a nation can find a root of time from history. However, the aim of storytelling is always entertainment. When a hero walk down the historical stage and become a member of us, we can gain lots of joys. Especially in the TV play, many editions of stories about a  hero or a emperor are playing when we are back home after a day's hard work, and it's exactly make us happy and relaxed.
[该段没有什么大问题,历史学家与讲故事的人的目的不同]

However, with the development of our instruments for recording, the huge mounts of information are recorded everyday or even every second. The camera can record what exactly happened. Further more camera(cameras) bring us not only the truth but the image and the sound. No one can be a liar when meet the video record. Especially, when the INTERNET is developed, the information can be recorded everywhere, everyday and by everyone. Historians will never claim about the lack of records of history while the storytellers' stories can never treat some dubious people and become just a kind of recreation or art. Since the ubiquitous records, the duty of historians is changed from deduction and analysis to collection and integrity.
[历史学家的工作、职责在改变，此段似乎和本文论点：历史学家不是storyteller关系不大。]

All in all, when we concern ourselves with the study of history, we study from the exact contents of historians' integral theory while we get fun from the funning stories of storytellers' colourful(colorful) imagination.
[本文结构比较清晰，语言较流畅，不错。继续努力！]

seeseamailUID: 2208785

TOPIC: ISSUE110 - "When we concern ourselves with the study of history, we become storytellers. Because we can never know the past directly but must construct it by interpreting evidence, exploring history is more of a creative enterprise than it is an objective pursuit. All historians are storytellers."
WORDS: 541          TIME: 60分钟         DATE: 2007-1-30

historians  theorize  historical facts
storytellers  image     imagination  extrapolation

1.differences between storytellers and historians
2.aims and functions of  storytelling and historical theorizing
3.the modern approaches make no imagination

Historians provide us exact facts long before to make us enlightened to know how our ancestors survival while storytellers give us some interesting or moving stories in the past to make us happy. There are so many differences between historians and storytellers that  historian never equal storytellers.

Firstly, there are great differences between the historians and storytellers. When a historian start to fulfill a historical problems,（这个fulfill的用法比较少见，一般作为履行实现讲） he must collect aboundant historical facts about the problems.
He should find some cultural relics（崩溃之意？） to extrapolate what people used and how is their daily life in the certain period. Meanwhile he must read amount of historical books focusing on his interesting problems. Containing the integral information in their mind , historians can extrapolate the whole course of the historical issue, and their deduction and extrapolation must base on the exact facts really happened. And their ideas must be theorized and make majorities of  other historians to agree with them. However, when they fail to gather enough fragments to fulfill a jigsaw puzzle, he will never use their imagination to write the history of their own ,left to problem to the future for more necessary information.
这一段集中火力，说明历史学家的客观性。
On the contrary, when  storytellers meet such problem about lack of enough facts, they cannot wait to leave the problem to the future. Instead of waiting for more historical facts, they use their imagination to paint the picture of the past affairs in their mind without serious analysis and theorizing. They just  fix a half-baked building with their own-made bricks without a certain standard.这个比喻打得不错。 So one storyteller has his own story about the history. Though it is easy to settle the historical problems ,we can never believe the stories and learn from the imagination. The stories just entertain us when we are in our leisure time.
这一段则强调讲故事的人的主观性
问：难道故事仅仅是用来消遣。。。中国之四大名著，应该都算不得历史著作。
The aims of historical theorization and storytelling are different. When a historian set a theory of a dynasty's burgeoning and waning,这个词组用得富有文学性 the political leaders nowadays can learn the truth that how to make our society boom avoid of turbulence. The young generation can admire their civil heros from the study of the history of their country. And the whole people of a nation can find a root of time from history. However, the aim of storytelling is always entertainment. When a hero walk down the historical stage and become a member of us ,we can gain lots of joys. Especially in the TV play, many editions of stories about a  hero or a emperor are playing when we are back home after a day's hard work, and it's exactly make us happy and relaxed.
这一段开始对比历史学家和故事叙述者，将两者融合起来，说明历史学家的教育价值和故事叙述者的娱乐意义。
However, with the development of our instruments for recording, the huge mounts of information are recorded everyday or even every second. The camera can record what exactly happened. Further more camera bring us not only the truth but the image and the sound. No one can be a liar when meet the video record. Especially, when the INTERNET is developed, the information can be recorded everywhere, everyday and by everyone. Historians will never claim about the lack of records of history while the storytellers' stories can never treat some dubious people and become just a kind of recreation or art.
Since the ubiquitous records, the duty of historians is changed from deduction and analysis to collection and integrity.
这一段讲现代媒体对历史学家的印象。但是这个似乎是与历史学家的研究方法有关，而和两种人的区别关系甚微。
All in all, when we concern ourselves with the study of history ,we study from the exact contents of historians'  integral theory while we get fun from the funning stories of storytellers' colourful imagination.
1．        总体来讲  本文采用直线型的议论方法，将历史学家与讲故事的人截然对立，并旁引博证，文采飞扬，虽有少许语法错误，但是瑕不掩瑜，读来仍觉舒畅。这方面值得学习。
2．        按传统得观点来讲，一般Issue文章需要写成正反均需要论证的格式，也就是说，不能单纯的说一个观点，需要换位思考。具体到本Issue中，就需要不仅写Historian与storyteller的迥然不同，更要写他们的相互包含。从可行性上分析，所谓故事，字面意思就是过去的事。MW字典说story=a historical record,（N多解释之一种）；也就是说story并不保证其不真实性。从这方面讲，storyteller就是historian；比如那个易中天。。当然，可以把文章定位以区别为主，以统一为辅。但是无论如何区别统一都要写。
3．        倒数第二段真没看出来和文章Thesis有什么关系。或许有，但是很不清楚，至少没有点明。
4．        字数确实很让人羡慕。我现在限时55min也只能写到450左右。不知道将来上考场能写道多少。语言方面也确实很值得学习。
5．        在例证方面。主体段的第二和第三段没有例证，显得有一些单薄。当然这仅仅是一家之言。因为最近在研读《【鬼谷子原创】谈issue中例子的问题》（from gter）、可能有些矫枉过正或者研读不深也未可知。在这里只是作为引子，推荐以下这篇文章。  
https://bbs.gter.net/thread-253394-1-3.html
6．        共勉。