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墨尔本地区
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Melbourne University is ranked amongst the top universities both in Australia and the world. The University is highly regarded in the fields of the arts, humanities, and biomedicine.
The University has almost 40,000 students, who are supported by nearly 6,000 staff members (full or part-time). On November 15, 2005, Vice-Chancellor Glyn Davis announced a reform program entitled 'Growing Esteem'. The University will aim to consolidate its three core activities - Research, Learning and Knowledge transfer - in order to become one of the world's finest institutions. The University's degree structure will be changed to the 'Melbourne Model', a combination of various practices from American and European Universities, which administrators claim will make the university consistent with the Bologna Accord, ensuring its degrees have international relevance.
History
The University was established by Hugh Childers in 1853 by an Act of the Victorian Parliament passed on Saturday 22 January, and classes commenced in 1855 with three professors and sixteen students.
The original University buildings were officially opened by the then Lieutenant Governor of the Colony of Victoria, Sir Charles Hotham, on 3 October 1855. The first Chancellor, Redmond Barry, held the position until his death in 1880.
In the university's early days, an architectural masterplan was developed, establishing the intended prevailing building style as gothic revival. Early influential architect's included Melbourne's own Joseph Reed, who was responsible for the design of many of the early campus buildings. Although the masterplan held as late as the 1930s, the 1950s saw the modernist style established as a new 'house style' for the university, resulting in the mix of buildings seen today.
The inauguration of the University was made possible by the wealth resulting from Victoria's gold rush, and the University was designed to be a 'civilising influence' at a time of rapid settlement and commercial growth (Selleck, 2003). The University was secular, and forbidden from offering degrees in divinity - the churches could only establish Colleges along the northern perimeter. The local population largely rejected the supposed elitism of its professoriate, favouring teaching of 'useful' subjects like law, over those they deemed 'useless' in the city's context, like classics. The townspeople won this debate, and law was introduced in 1857, and medicine and engineering in the 1860s.
The admission of women in 1881 was a further victory for Victorians over the more conservative ruling council. Subsequent years saw many tensions over the direction of the emerging University. For example, in 1902 it was effectively bankrupt, following the discovery of massive fraud by the Bursar, Frederick Dickson. This resulted in a Royal Commission recommending new funding structures, and an extension of disciplinary areas into agriculture and education.
By the time of World War I, governance was again a pressing concern. The Council, consisting of more businesspeople than professors, obtained real powers in 1923 at the expense of the Senate. Undergraduates could elect two members of the Council. In this period, the University tended to attract students drawn from affluent backgrounds, with a few opportunities for gifted scholarship students. The first Vice-Chancellor to be paid a salary was Raymond Priestley (1936) followed by John Medley in 1939.
After World War II, demand for Commonwealth-funded student places grew in Australia, and the University followed demand by becoming much larger and more inclusive.
The University celebrated its 150th anniversary in 2003.
Academia
The University has eleven faculties:
- Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning
- Faculty of Arts
- Faculty of Economics and Commerce
- Faculty of Education
- Faculty of Engineering
- Faculty of Land and Food Resources
- Faculty of Law
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences
- Faculty of Music
- Faculty of Science
- Faculty of Veterinary Science.
These faculties offer courses from Bachelor Degree to Doctorate level. Land and Food Resources offers TAFE, diplomas, but in June 2005 it was announced that these will be transferred to other providers. Arts is the largest (7,222 students in 2004), followed by Science (6,328). The University has some of the highest admission requirements in the country, with the median ENTER of its undergraduates being 94.5. Furthermore, around 70% of those who finish in the top 1% of school leavers choose to study at Melbourne.
Pure and applied research had already grown in importance from the late 19th century, but increased its reach and depth in the second half of the 20th century. Academic staff are expected to maintain a programme of research and to apply for funding opportunities. Science and Arts are the best-endowed Faculties in financial terms. The medical sciences benefit from proximity to a number of hospitals, and were enhanced by the opening of Bio21, a research centre focusing on pure and applied Biotechnology.
The university has an endowment of approximately $908 million AUD as of June 2005, which has grown rapidly over the past few years.One of only two Australian universities with significant private endowment; the University of Sydney's is marginally larger.[citation needed] Both are small compared to the massive endowments of the wealthiest US universities such as Harvard or Princeton.
Four Nobel Laureates work on campus: Profs. Peter Doherty and Bert Sakmann are currently based in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, while Sir James Mirrlees (Economic Science, 1996 - emeritus, Cambridge) and Sir Clive Granger (Economic Science, 2003 - emeritus, San Diego), will teach a couple of months each year at the University from 2005.
Melbourne has produced the most Rhodes Scholars of any Victorian university, including the two 2006 winners.
In recent years the University has expanded the numbers of international students from 2,000 in 1996 to over 8,000 in 2006, achieved under the direction of former Vice Chancellor, Alan Gilbert. A separate venture, Melbourne University Private was created in 1997, and merged with the University at the end of 2005.
Residential colleges
Since 1872, the affiliated residential colleges have been an important part of the university. The earliest sought to emulate the finest European colleges, particularly those of Oxford. There are eleven affiliated colleges in total. Seven of the colleges are situated in an arc around the cricket oval at the northern edge of the campus, known as the College Crescent, with the other five within 15 minutes walk of the University of Melbourne.
List of colleges
Trinity College 1872
Ormond College 1881
Janet Clarke Hall 1886
Queen's College 1887
Whitley College 1891
Newman College 1918
University College 1937
Medley Hall 1954
International House 1957
Graduate House 1962
St Hilda's College 1964
St Mary's College 1966
Most of the colleges only provide residence for students within the academic semester and encourage their students to find alternatives or return home during the summer and winter vacation periods. During this time they are often occupied by conference, sporting and retreat groups. As a result of this a large part of the students who live on campus at Melbourne University come from areas outside Melbourne particularly rural regions, interstate and overseas. The college community is viewed by many students as a helpful stepping stone to living independently particularly by those who have never lived in a big city before or who lack support networks within Melbourne due to the distance from their home town. The colleges also accommodate a large number of students from inner-city private schools. These students despite having families who live within a commutable distance of the University of Melbourne will choose to attend college as a means of expanding their social circle within the occasionally daunting university, to access the additional academic assistance offered by the colleges, as well as the standard stepping stone to independence.
The colleges provide accommodation to about 2000 students, which is a small fraction of the university's total student population. As well as accommodation, the colleges provide tutorials for their students (although unlike the Oxbridge colleges, the tutorials are purely extra assistance and do not form a fundamental part of any university course).
A larger proportion of students live in surrounding suburbs, and private city centre apartment complexes. Unlike other universities in Melbourne, most students catch public transport, as parking is expensive and scarce.
Growing Esteem
New strategy
In 2005, the university developed a new strategy, which it named 'Growing Esteem'. A key feature of this is the 'Melbourne Model' for generalist degrees intended to lead to second tier courses which would be graduate entry. This model will begin to be rolled out in 2008 with courses such as law, nursing, education and architecture becoming graduate entry only. Detailed information about the new undergraduate courses will be available in the 2007 VTAC guide.
Courses
Six courses have been approved as 'new generation undergraduate courses': generalist degrees under the 'Melbourne Model'.
Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor of Science
Bachelor of Commerce
Bachelor of Environments
Bachelor of Music
Bachelor of Bioscience
A number of professional courses will be moved to graduate entry including:
Juris Doctor of Law
Master of Animal Science
Master of Architecture
Master of Forest Science
Master of Nursing
Master of Property and Construction
Master of Public Policy and Management
Master Social Work
Master of Teaching
Master of Urban Horticulture
Rankings
In 1999, Melbourne University was ranked as the 10th university around the region by Asiaweek. The ranking is now discontinued.
In 2003, Shanghai Jiao Tong University ranked The University of Melbourne at number 92 in the world. The position went up to number 82 in 2004 and 2005. The 2006 edition ranked The University at number 78, up by 4 places. This ranking is more skewed towards research and universities which focus on scientific research.
In 2005, Times Higher Education Supplement ranked The University of Melbourne at number 19 in the world. This is the highest ranking among the Australian universities and third highest in the region (behind Tokyo University and Beijing University). Furthermore, it has been ranked number 8 for Arts & Humanities, No. 10 for biomedicine, no. 11 for Social Sciences, no. 18 for Technology and no. 32 for science.
In 2006, Times Higher Education Supplement ranked the University of Melbourne at number 22 in the world. It dropped from no 19. However, Melbourne University has been ranked top 8 in terms of Peer Review. Because of the drop in ranking, University of Melbourne is behind four Asian universities - Beijing University, Australian National University, Tokyo University and National University of Singapore.
In addition, The University of Melbourne has been ranked no. 16 for Technology, no. 7 for biomedicine, no. 7 for Arts & Humanities and no. 10 for Social Sciences. University of Melbourne has been ranked 27 for science. Every category has improved compared to 2005.
In 2006, Newsweek in its rankings 'The Top 100 Global Universities' ranked the University of Melbourne at 53rd in the world.
Melbourne Business School has been ranked 69 in the world. It is one of the highest ranked in Australia.
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Monash University is one of the largest universities in Australia and is leading the way with its international focus, ground-breaking research and academic excellence. Monash is one of the Group of Eight, Australia's leading universities recognised for excellence in research, scholarship and teaching.
Since its first student intake in 1961, Monash has grown into a diverse, multicultural and energetic institution with six campuses in and around Melbourne, Australia, one in Malaysia, one in South Africa and centres in Prato, Italy and London, UK.
Over 48,000 students attend Monash, with an international student population of approximately 12,000 coming from more than 100 countries and speaking more than 90 different languages.
Monash also offers a range of programs to bridge the gap between a student's studies in their home country and the academic studies they wish to pursue at Monash University. Monash College courses are specifically tailored to guarantee entry into selected degree programs. Alternatively, MUFY (Monash University Foundation Year) is a general study program preparing a student for degrees in any of Monash's 10 faculties. The Monash University English Language Centre offers courses to improve a student's English communication skills for entry into Monash University.
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RMIT is one of the Australia's leading universities in the areas of design, information technology, business, communication, engineering and science. RMIT leads research and development in these key areas:
- Information Technology and E-Commerce
- Advanced Manufacturing and Materials
- Health Improvement through Biotechnology and Drug Technology Development
- Environmental Sustainability
- Social (Urban and Regional) Development (including Design)
- Globalisation and Cultural Identify and Diversity
- Entrepreneurship and Innovation
RMIT is a university with a global focus. It are based in Melbourne where there are three main campuses and the univeristy undertakes a wide range of teaching and research activities in Hamilton and East Gippsland in regional Victoria. RMIT also offers many of its qualifications in collaboration with more than 190 partner institutions around the world. Links with these universities and colleges also allow students to participate in exchanges, study abroad programs and cooperative teaching and research programs.
RMIT is a member of the Australian Technology Network (ATN), a powerful coalition of five leading Australian universities across the country which share a heritage of working with industry and a united vision for the future. You can read more about ATN on the Australian University Groupings page.
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Deakin University is one of Australia's most progressive and visionary universities. Providing superior, student-centered education, Deakin is an increasingly popular destination for overseas students, with around 70,000 students studying on its various campuses, from the workplace or home.
Scholastic excellence, top quality research, industry partnerships and tailored courses are among the factors that attract students from all around the world. Deakin's reputation for excellent teaching and innovative course delivery has been recognised through many awards over the past decade. It has consistently achieved the highest ratings in surveys of graduate satisfaction, and has twice won the coveted Good Universities Guide "University of the Year" award.
Deakin has five campuses: two in Melbourne, two in Geelong and one in Warrnambool. In addition to traditional campus-based teaching at these locations, we are committed to also providing flexible learning options through innovative teaching and delivery methods. In this, and other ways, Deakin provides opportunities, not only for school-leavers from metropolitan areas, but also for students from remote and isolated areas, international students, mature-age students and indigenous Australian students to access the benefits of higher education. More than 12,000 of our 29,000 students study externally. There are approximately 2,500 international students studying our courses in Australia and throughout the world.
Deakin University seeks to offer its students more than a quality Australian degree. It offers an educational and personal experience that will be among the most significant of your life. Go to our website to discover it for yourself.
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Swinburne has a strong reputation in Australia and overseas as a provider of career orientated education and as a university with a commitment to research. The University maintains a strong technology base and important links with industry, complemented by a number of innovative specialist research centres which attract a great deal of international interest.
A feature of many Swinburne undergraduate courses is the applied vocational emphasis and direct industry application through Industry Based Learning (IBL) programs. Swinburne was a pioneer of IBL, a program which places students directly in industry for vocational employment as an integral part of the course structure.
Swinburne is now one of a few Australian universities whose responsibilities span the range of programs from apprenticeships to PhDs. In keeping with this breadth of involvement, the University continues to play a leading role in creating new approaches to integration between sectors.
The creation of study pathways between sectors and courses is firmly in place at Swinburne. Current pathways involve moving either from the TAFE sector into Higher Education or from TAFE based VCE studies into full TAFE courses. A limited number of pathways are available for students to move from degree courses into TAFE studies, and this will increase in the future. This process of articulation provides students with greater flexibility to complete tertiary qualifications.
Teaching and learning enhancement is a strategic priority for the University, and Swinburne is committed to the transfer of lifelong learning skills.
Swinburne University of Technology has a rich and enviable record as a provider of quality, career-oriented education for both undergraduates and postgraduates. As we enter the new millenium, post-secondary education has never played a more critical role in shaping the future of your lives and your careers.
Our students are fortunate. Swinburne University of Technology is one of the few universities in Australia to offer a full range of programs from apprenticeships to PhDs. We give our students the added flexibility in study options of following well-defined ‘Pathways’ between our TAFE and Higher Education sectors.
Swinburne provides students with the skills and knowledge that will help them find employment in their chosen career and provides an exciting environment that makes learning fun. Our students have access to a number of sporting, computer, library and student welfare facilities at each campus and all campuses are in close proximity to many forms of public transport.
Undergraduate students have the advantage of working closely with industry through our Industry Based Learning (IBL) program. Our IBL program not only provides students with paid work experience before graduating, it often leads to full-time employment opportunities with the same employer after graduation. Most degree courses include IBL which provides a free-flow information between the University and the future employers of our graduates.
We also offer a wide variety of postgraduate courses from graduate certificates through to PhDs in the areas of Applied Science, Business and Innovation, Design, Engineering and Technology, Health and Human Services, Informatics (Computing and Information Technology), Multimedia, and Social Sciences and Arts.
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Victoria University is recognised as one of Australia's most innovative universities, offering a unique combination of academic and practical skills to give you the technological and communications expertise to jump start your working life.
The fastest growing university in Australia since its creation in 1990, Victoria University is committed to opening up opportunities to quality education for students from a diverse range of backgrounds and experiences.
Today more than 50 000 students and staff of more than 90 nationalities make up the greatest international mix at any Australian university, and research surveys have identified the University's teaching staff as the most friendly and caring in the state.
The University is one of only four dual-sector universities in Australia with the choice of both Higher Education and TAFE courses. This means that you can graduate from a course in TAFE and move into degree course through the pathways program.
The University is a leader in creating the pathways between Higher Education and TAFE, providing students with flexibility to transfer between courses, and in linking its courses to the real world of work through programs such as the Co operative Education program, which consists of 'hands on' paid work experience during courses.
The University's four Higher Education faculties and seven Technical and Further Education schools have developed strong links with industry, business and the local community. A number of alliances have been forged with key industry players to give students direct access to cutting-edge research, as well as work experience to broaden their employment options.
Bringing tertiary education to all members of the community is a priority for Victoria University. Its Portfolio Partnership Program tailors courses and course pathways to meet individual student needs, including easy pathways between Technical and Further Education and higher education.
Victoria University is also part of an international network of universities and has formal exchange agreements with institutions throughout Asia, Europe, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada. The University runs offshore courses in Malaysia, Hong Kong, Singapore and the People's Republic of China. |
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