Scientific American 60 Second Science听抄（有音频文件）

kelediguoUID: 149939

on xbx_lee

2007-7-30

The earliest known practical prosthesis is an artificial leg dating back to 300 BC. But British researchers are checking out a significantly older wood and leather fake toe, found still attached to its mummy in the Cairo Museum. They wanna see if it has served more than a cosmetic purpose and perhaps was important in helping its owner, you know, “walk like an Egyptian”. Sorry. The mummy has been informally dubbed “Toe-tankhamun”. Sorry again. What’s particularly interesting about the false toe is that it’s articulated and shows signs of wear. So it may indeed have helped the woman who wore it walk better and it dates from somewhere between 1000 and 600 BC, making it older than the so-called Roman Capua Leg, which was made of bronze and survived the Punic Wars but didn’t make it through World War II. The leg was destroyed during the  bombing of London. Anyway, scientists have made an exact duplicate of the mummy’s digit and are testing it on volunteers who are missing a right big toe to see whether it’s really functional. That research is a foot.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

The earliest known practical prosthesis is an artificial leg dated back 300 BC. But British researchers are checking out significantly older wood and leather fake toe, found still attached to its mummy in the Cairo Museum. They want to see if it served more than a cosmetic purpose, and perhaps, the important to help its owner. You know. “Walk like an Egyptian.” Sorry. The mummy has been informally dubbed toting common.  Sorry again.  What’s particularly interesting about the fake toe is that it is articulated and shows signs of wear. So it may indeed have helped the woman who wore it to walk better. And it dates from somewhere between 2000 and 600 BC, making it older than so-called Roman capua leg, which was made bronze and survived the Punic Wars. But it did not through World war two. The leg was destroyed through the bombing in London. Anyway, scientist made an exact duplicate of the mummy’s digit, and are testing it on volunteers who are missing their right big toe to see what it’s really functional. That research is a foot.

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

This BBC news item is accompanied by a photograph of the prosthetic toe under discussion.

An artificial big toe found on the foot of an ancient Egyptian mummy could be the world's earliest functional fake body part, UK experts believe. A Manchester University team hope to prove that the leather and wood "Cairo toe" not only looked the part but also helped its owner walk. They will test a replica in volunteers whose right big toe is missing. If true, the toe will predate the currently considered earliest practical prosthesis - a fake leg from 300BC. If we can prove it was functional then we will have pushed back prosthetic medicine by as much as 700 years. The Roman Capua Leg, made of bronze, was held at the Royal College of Surgeons in London but was destroyed by Luftwaffe bombs during the Second World War.

British researchers are taking steps to prove whether an artificial big toe ound attached to the foot of an ancient Egyptian mummy is actually the world's earliest known functional prosthetic body part. Known as the "Cairo toe," the wooden and leather appendage was on the mummified body of a woman discovered in a tomb from ancient Thebes, now modern-day Luxor, Egypt. Tests suggested the woman was aged 50 to 60 at the time of her death and may have lost the big toe due to diabetes. Items buried with the woman, the wife of a high priest, suggest she lived between 1069 and 664 BC.

Since being unearthed by archeologists in 2000, there has been hot debate as to the artificial toe's function: was it intended for cosmetic purposes or did it actually help its wearer walk better? Jacky Finch, who is working on her PhD at the KNH Centre for Biomedical Egyptology at the University of Manchester, wants to settle that question once and for all. Finch, who examined the intricately crafted artifact at its home in the Cairo Museum in March, is planning to test replicas of the replacement digit on volunteers who are also missing their right big toe to see how the prosthetics function and if they show wear and tear consistent with use in daily life.

for details, goto website

http://en.epochtimes.com/news/7-7-28/58119.html

[ 本帖最后由 kevinliu6883 于 2007-7-31 03:37 编辑 ]

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

kevinliu6883UID: 2338522

yyhwzcUID: 2273827

July 30th

The earliest known practical prosthesis is an artificial leg dating back to 300 B.C.. But British researchers are checking out a significantly older wood and leather fake toe found still attached to its mummy in the Cairo Museum. They want to see if it served more than a cosmetic purpose and perhaps was important in helping its owner, you know, (song)"Walk like an Egyptian". Sorry! The mummy has been informally dubbed "Toe-tankhamun". Sorry again! What's particularly interesting about the false toe is that it's articulated and shows signs of wear. So it may indeed have helped the woman who wore it walk better. And it dates from somewhere between 1000 and 600 B.C. making it older than the so called "Roman Capua Leg", which was made of bronze and survived the Punic Wars but didn't make it through World War II. The leg was destroyed during the bombing of London. Anyway, scientists have made an exact duplicate of the mummy's digit, and are testing it on volunteers who are missing a right big toe to see whether it's really functional. That research is a foot!

Thanks to all guys above for the red parts!

Reference:
1: 'Toe-tankhamun' walks like Egyptian ( Tutankhamun 是一个法老，就是那个诅咒传说的法老，他的墓保存最完整）
A mummy dubbed "Toe-tankhamun" may have walked like an Egyptian using the earliest example of a working false body part. Scientists believe the wood and leather big toe attached to the Egyptian mummy's right foot was more than just for show. If proven to be functional, it would predate the earliest known prosthesis - an artificial leg from 300BC - by several hundred years.The Manchester researchers plan to subject the ancient artificial digit to a series of tests, using up to four volunteers with missing big toes.They will be asked to put the toe through its paces by wearing an exact replica of the artefact housed at the Cairo Museum.A model of a second false Egyptian big toe on display at the British Museum, with no mummy attached, will also be worn by the volunteers.Study leader Jacky Finch, from the University of Manchester's KNH Centre for Biomedical Egyptology, said: "The toes date from between 1,000 and 600BC, so if we can prove that one or both were functional then we will have pushed back prosthetic medicine by as much as 700 years."The Cairo toe is the most likely to be functional as it is articulated and shows signs of wear. It is still attached to the foot of the mummy of a female between 50 and 60 years of age. The amputation site is also well healed."Little is known about the woman, nicknamed "Toe-tankhamun" by scientists, other than the fact she was the wife of a high priest.
Her mummy was found in a tomb near the ancient city of Thebes, present day Luxor, in December 2000.

http://news.uk.msn.com/Article.aspx?cp-documentid=5750550

2: Roman Capua Leg
The Roman Capua Leg is an artificial leg, found in a grave in Capua, Italy. Dating from 300 BC, the leg is one of the earliest known prosthetic limbs. The limb was kept at the Royal College of Surgeons in London, but was destroyed in World War II during an air raid.[1] A copy of the limb is held at The Science Museum, London
     [1] "Cairo toe earliest fake body bit", BBC News, 27 July 2007. Retrieved 27 July 2007.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Capua_Leg

3: “Walk like an Egyptian”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walk_Like_an_Egyptian
Walk Like an Egyptian is a U.S. number-one hit from the album Different Light by The Bangles in 1986.

（YouTube上有，挺好听的^_^）
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MimmTdn9314

[ 本帖最后由 yyhwzc 于 2007-7-31 10:05 编辑 ]

linkunkun7UID: 2196646

那个发音类似于“toeching common"的是什么搞笑的吗？
"Toe-tankhamun"又是什么意思。。。

liuwenyongUID: 2306711

re .....

paslm.....

yyhwzcUID: 2273827

原帖由 linkunkun7 于 2007-7-31 09:41 发表
那个发音类似于“toeching common"的是什么搞笑的吗？
"Toe-tankhamun"又是什么意思。。。

Toe-tankhamun 类似 Tutankhamun 后者个著名的法老（他的墓保存最完整，黄金面具就是他的墓里出来的，还有那些法老的诅咒的传说也是关于他的）

edoooUID: 2288057

为什么steve要两次sorry呢，什么意思啊？

bb2007UID: 2371495

这东西太难了，还是从简单的开始

zhenzhen_163UID: 196150

原帖由 edooo 于 2007-7-31 12:39 发表
为什么steve要两次sorry呢，什么意思啊？

Steve was apologizing for his being facetious.

1922年发现King Tut (Tutankhamen) 的墓之后，英美有一阵子对埃及的文化很感兴趣，有些艺人便拿埃及壁画的人体模样来逗乐（请看当时英国的sand dance, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkhJpr2zR8s）。Walk like an Egyptian 是美国80年代的一首畅销歌，歌词里提到sand dance. King Tut是另一首，70年代出的。另外把Tut 改为Toe (Tutankhamen > Toe tankhamen), 同样是沿袭这个搞笑话题。

要明白Steve这部分不恭，或许会伤人的幽默（所以他说sorry），必须了解西方一些荒唐、搞笑、纯粹娱乐的东西。

Btw, 最后一句应该是 That research is afoot. 哈哈哈 查查 afoot 是什么意思。

:)

[ 本帖最后由 zhenzhen_163 于 2007-7-31 14:43 编辑 ]

nss123UID: 167654

我也要加入，虽然很菜

yyhwzcUID: 2273827

July 31

If you plan on hitting the beach anytime this summer, you might wanna bring an ice coffee and a frisbee. Because scientists at Rutgers University have found that caffeine and exercises may actually protect against the damaging raze(?) of the sun. Working with laboratory mice, the reseachers discovered the drinking caffenined water and running a couple of miles a day on an exercise wheel lower the animal's risk of skin cancer. It seems that caffeine and exercises combine to kill off cells whose DNA has been damaged by UV light. The high energy radiation is(?) part of sunshine. If these UV-battered cells were allowed to reproduce, they could go on to form cancers. The results are perhaps not entirely surprising. Previous studies in people level have shown that coffee consumption is linked to a decrease risk of several types of cancer. The same is ture for a regular workout. But the Rutgers' researchers found that the two together pack an even more powerful punch when it comes to cancer prevention. Now the mice were drinking the equivalent of one or two cups of coffee a day. Animals who consume four times that amount didn't fare as well. So you might wanna take it easy on the espresso, and don't throw away your sunscreen just yet.

xbx_leeUID: 129512

If you plan on hitting the beach anytime this summer, you might wanna bring an ice coffee and a frisbee. Because scientists at Rutgers University have found that caffeine and exercises may actually protect against the damaging raze(rays) of the sun. Working with laboratory mice, the reseachers discovered the(that) drinking caffenined(caffeinated) water and running a couple of miles a day on an exercise wheel lower(lowered) the animal's risk of skin cancer. It seems that caffeine and exercises(exercise) combine to(combined) kill off cells whose DNA has been damaged by UV light.(---(dash)) The high energy radiation is(that's a) part of sunshine. If these UV-battered cells were allowed to reproduce, they could go on to form cancers. The results are perhaps not entirely surprising. Previous studies in people level(x) have shown that coffee consumption is linked to a decrease risk of several types of cancer. The same is ture for a regular workout. But the Rutgers' researchers found that the two together pack(packed) an even more powerful punch when it comes to cancer prevention. Now the mice were drinking the equivalent of one or two cups of coffee a day. Animals who consume four times that amount didn't fare as well. So you might wanna take it easy on the espresso, and don't throw away your sunscreen just yet.