N001_第八次作业

rzbrzbUID: 2290243

11-king 第8次作业
Information from internet valuable or problematic

We live in a society which is fulfilled by information. We receive information all the time, what ever we want or don’t. This phenomenon is called information explosion. And internet, what we should be grateful, disseminates information freely and quickly. In general, I think the appearance of internet and the innumerous information has more value than the problem it brings because it facilitates communication.

Maybe the most valuable information is the news of our friends and family. Internet supply many powerful functions of communication, so we can throw the nonsense “no news is good news” away. Before 90s of last century, we wrote letters which took several days to send or receive; in last 15 years, we prefer to talk through the phones which cost so much that my parents could rarely speak several words every to insure I’m fine in school. But nowadays, chatting on the internet become more and more popular. By using software like MSN, you can enjoy the conversation and watch the real-time video of your listener as long as you want for nearly free. With this kind of information, people don’t have to worry about their relationship with friends and family becoming colder for lack of time.

Social people require common topic for all time. And the most efficient way offered is internet. Web site update the latest news, people can find out what happened now instead of several hours ago or several days before. And searching function can give you information collect in category, and every body has the chance to become the expert in his interesting aspect, because internet is the most comprehensive textbook.

Critics are concerned that people will fall victim to bad or incorrect information and simulate. Some web sites really are poisoning children’s minds. But every sword has two blades, we can’t just blame the information from web site. In my opinion enhancing the quality of education is what we truly need to do.

wangan19850319UID: 2129726

Internet information: valuable or problematic
        Today, our world enters into an age names information society, the access to info is much easier to obtain than ever before. In so many types of media which help us get the things we want to know, the internet is one of the most important tools. We can get almost all information we need in the internet. The information we obtained from internet is valuable and influencing.
        Internet helps us obtain some valuable information easier and quickly. Take my own experience as an example, in the process of my task research, I have to consult almost all related thesis and monograph which have been published. In the past, I have to go to library or bookstore to find the information I need, and the task is very tedious and time-consuming, I use plenty time in browsing thousands of books and theses just for some specifically information, and the work may turn out to be fruitless. But with the internet, all the work I need to do is click the mouse for the information I am interested. Instead of browsing in the thousands of books aimlessly, I can restrict the query content and query the information I needed by the use of search engine, the rest of work is accomplished by the computer and the internet. I can get all the information I needed.
        Internet also helps us to share some of our feelings or thoughts with the people from all over the world. When some important event happened, we can communicate with each other by post our idea in BBS、Blog or some other places, we can know other people’s opinion instantly and discuss it together.
        Internet also brings some rubbish and unhealthy information and brings out many problems. Because in the internet people can release any information anywhere in anytime, some people deliver some false message just for fun or for some personal purpose. We find we often receive some advertisements from lawless merchant. Some unhealthy website are opened by some people who was blinded by gain, it attracts some children abandoned themselves in these info and given up their study, in some extreme situation, it leads them go to do some mistakes.
        Internet enable us obtain various information. Some info are useful, some useless or even misleading. It changing our life style from the day it was invented. It makes our life seems more interesting, help us solve many difficulties, but it also brings us some un-wanted or bad influence. We could use the internet in the positive aspect and restrain some bad impact by some effective method, such as increase the check strengthens、cultivate correct net-surf manner、and so on. Through our effort, the internet will give us more positive impression rather than source of problem.


Mini-test 3 writing
The giant panda’s survival problem mentioned in the listening passage is related to the unique flowering and seeding cycles of Asian bamboo introduced in reading passage. According to the listening passage, the survival problem of giant panda aroused great attention. Today panda only live in wild in southwest of China. The hunter and harm to wildlife habitat make the panda’s living condition bad. And the problem of unique flowering and seeding cycles of Asian bamboo make this situation worse because the bamboo is the main source of giant panda’s food. The reading passage explained that many species of Asian bamboo tend to flower and then seed at the same time. What is more unique is that these simultaneous seeding cycles often occur at rather lengthy intervals, and the cycle for the China bamboo is less than a century, no matter where the bamboo is. So after the bamboo flowering and seeding, the bamboo died at the same time all over the world. That means the main food for the giant panda is lost. The panda have to move into new area in search for food. This process of settle makes giant panda face more danger. And make the giant panda more hard to live in the wild.

wgaggassi34UID: 2279352

邮箱不知道出了什么问题~
大家发到163,
用户名和密码都一样~

wgaggassi34UID: 2279352

改2号

大作文

Every coin has two sides, so does the internet. With the advent of information era, there is so much surprise coming to us including the internet. Although it provides us much valuable information along with varied problems, as for me, its advantages overwhelm its disadvantages greatly.(开头很好，赞！)

First of all, the internet provides us （with）a vast sea of information. You can get almost whatever information you want on line. From the incidents we can back up 500 B.C. to the latest news; from how to dress yourself in case of you are attending an interview to some emotional problems that you might encounter in your life; from the easiest way to mend your motorcycles to the latest expo of automobiles in Shanghai,; from the most abstract concept of the anthropology to the most commonly used abbreviation of words on the internet. The internet provides so many choices that we can fulfill our thirst for knowledge in an incredible degree. Whatever you want, you can ”google” it in the cyberspace.

On the second place, its fast speed and convenience are out of your expectation. The moment an event appear some where, like an explosion happens in Bagdad, it appears on all the major website of the world, like CNN and ABC and so on. With just a click of your mouth, you can let it appear on your screen even vividly. The internet also makes our lives easier. For instance, we can be taught at home without going to university miles away; we can send e-mails instantly to my friend in another country; we can chat with each other on line. How exiting it is that we can see each other and talk to each other on lines at the same without any cost. It’s reported that a team of Microsoft was set up to detect any information on line that is negative to their Company, and then settle them down as soon as possible for it takes only 7 seconds to let a message to spread to any part of the world（then后面有点问题，for it…?）. No wonder that more and more people and companies hold that the internet will be the most important media in 21st century.

Admittedly, there are some bad influences on people, like some youngster(s) can be addicted to games on lines or fall in love with "the dog" on the other side of screen. And even some social problems and crimes(crimes属于social problems) come up associated with internet because of too much sex and violence, too much cheating and defraud that may induce our kids to follow. Besides, some knowledge that we get through it(删掉) may be false and fabricated.

In sum, the internet bring us more benefits than harm，the gist lies on how to use it selectively and wisely, tell the right from wrong meanwhile have a good control of our kids to use it properly.

建议：写的很好。不过请注意控制时间！

[ 本帖最后由 wgaggassi34 于 2007-5-12 22:10 编辑 ]

wgaggassi34UID: 2279352

改4号

No invention has received more praise and abuse than the Internet.  Some people believe that we can access abundant valuable information from the Internet. These people point out the fact that the Internet provides broad and instantly(?没宾语).  However, other people believe obtain(obtaining) too much information may create a set of problems.  As far as I am concerned, I vote for the former.

In the first place, Internet provides people with large amount of information widely and instantly.  Therefore people can make good use of the Internet when they are studying.  When it comes to study, it is no doubt that Internet can allow us to get almost(?almost不能这样用) information we need.  No matter old classic knowledge or the latest technology research.  If we meet some questions, we can ask question(s) directly on the Internet.  Also, an increasing people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.  Studying on the Internet brings efficient and convenience to further education of people.

Also, Internet has changed the way businesses operate. Emails, videoconferences permit businesses to communicate both time-saving and money-saving.  In recent decade the e-business prevails in the world at a dramatic step. E-business has not just provided us a new way to purchase various goods easy and economical(应该用副词形式), but also contributes(?注意动词一致性!) directly to enhance new job opportunities.

On the other hand, however, we have to admit the negative aspect of the Internet.  Internet has satisfied people’s needs of freedom, yet at the same time, much harmful information is scattered on the Internet.  It is an inevitable result and there is no way to avoid it completely.  Some of this negative information has great influenced(influence) on youngest’s behavior.

Although many people claim that the Internet has so many disadvantages, we can safely draw the conclusion that advantages of the Internet far outweigh its disadvantages, and it will still play essential roles in modern society.

建议:写的还可以.可能这次控制时间了吧,导致没有前几次那么好.不过这是必要的!还有一段时间去适应!


Mini Test 3

The lecture material links the survival of giant panda with the periodic flowering and seeding of certain kinds of bamboos by presenting some specific examples.  The reading passage describes a unique phenomenon about flowering and seeding cycles of bamboo.

The reading passage points out that many species have the same seeding and flowering cycle and all of these species are likely to flower and seed simultaneously.  And the periodic are different -- from fifteen years to six decades or more.  An extreme example is one kind of Chinese bamboo, which flowering and seeding long to less than one century. Another special character is that after bamboo flower and seed, they die.

The lecture first lists three threats of the survival of giant panda: hunters, destruction of habitat, and the flowering and seeding cycle of bamboos.  Bamboo is the main source of food to giant panda.  When bamboos flower and seed, they all die at the same time(有点夸张!). The problem is that it takes a few years for young bamboos to be mature enough as panda’s food. As a result, giant pandas have move to other places for searching food, which enhance danger for panda.

建议:其实LM小作文出的很不好。觉得没有参考价值!

[ 本帖最后由 wgaggassi34 于 2007-5-12 22:07 编辑 ]

gnuliutingtingUID: 2123029

2号改1号

As we all know, the society is full of knowledge today, and the knowledge is vital to

everybody. So when it comes to argue whether internet is important considering the massive

information provided by the internet, maybe some people will say it accesses to so much

information, however ,I insist that it is a benefit to most of the people for its providing

a huge amount of valuable imformation.（这一部分逻辑不对）

First of all, I can know about news by viewing the websites or even listening （listen）to web

radios. For example, I really like English, and I prefer to listen english radios like VOA

special, BBA, sciam radio, MSN radio, etc. everyday. Through listening to those english

radios, I can not only improve my english, but also gain much news (news or new)information which is

pretty (口语用词，建议换一个)helpful to me. Moreover, I can know about many types of news such as sports news,

economic news, politic news and so on. Those news are also forms of good information.

Moreover, I can play internet games. Nowadays, everybody will have much pressure both from

the society and their family, so if there is a good way for people to release it, it will

gain overwhelming praise. The internet games is just this kind of entertainment that can

reduce the stress. The internet games is becoming more and more popular now, more than 1

billion people have played it. I contend that as long as people play the entertainment （internet？）for

amusement, it is also helpful.

Finally, it can save people lots of money. In the past, people had to buy CDs if they want

to listen to music, it really cost a lot. But if people listen to online music, people will

pay less. It can also provide people with online movie with less pay, so people are not（don't）

need come to the cinema any more. Besides,there are many reasons why it can save people a

huge sum of money: people don't need to buy newspapers any more because people can watch

news online; people don't need telephone either because people can call each other online;

people don't need to pay for the stamps because people can Email each other without fees.   



As a youth, I prefer to search on the Internet because I think that it can provide me with

as much information as I want and I can entertain myself as well.In a word, I consider it

beneficial to most of people.

3个论据，带来新闻，玩游戏，省钱都不错，但是可以把他们扩大为知识和信息，娱乐，便利。语言比前面流畅很多，个别语法错误，加油

[ 本帖最后由 gnuliutingting 于 2007-5-12 22:09 编辑 ]

gnuliutingtingUID: 2123029

As the internet more and more involves（建议被动） our life, some people think that the internet provides people with a lot valuable information, while others think access to so much information creates problems. In my opinion, I believe that there are some advantages and disadvantages on each view.

First I want to say（口语化严重） are the advantages of the internet. Undeniable, the internet provides so many conveniences. It takes people more information than other ways. If you own a computer and link up with the internet, you will get the information you want from it. The internet will give you information a mass. And you do not have to go to library to find what you want if the information is not infrequent in the internet. Another advantage is that it can save our（your） time. You can find the useful information in a short time. You do not have to go anywhere to collect the information and just you are able on line(just on line). It can save a lot of time for the people who are always busy. Aslo the internet provides more chance for people to communicate to (with)each other on line. People can say anything they like or they oppose. It is a freedom world in the internet. So it leads the society to change.

Next I want to say the disadvantages of the internet. Most the information is unedited and therefore it is less reliable. And this information will bring a lot of trouble to people. A lot of the information is harmful, such as the eroticism web page, violence web page and game web page. It is not only bad to adults and (but)also for children. Children are too young to distinguish what is good to them and what is bad to them, while they like to go the web pages just because of fun. More seriously it will take children a lot of time to play it and have not enough time to finish the homework. Times and times again their school work will be dilapidated. It will be harmful to our social(society). There are also many crimes in(on) the internet. For example, when people feel comfortable going shopping on line, there are persons who thieve(steals or theft) the code of the consumers. So sometimes it is dangers on line.

However, although(选一个即可) the internet bring some it bad sides, it still make people`s life more modern. I suppose（？） that the internet provides us a lot of valuable information. I think it is very important for me to save more time to do more things. Regardless of
The（the） harm(harmful) information the internet bring（brings） us, we just take careful when we are on line. I believe that our life (lives)will be more beautiful with the internet.

可能时间写得比较仓促，所以错误较多。建议写完后检查一遍，充分用好时间。

加油~

leiwangcasUID: 2269050

We live in a society which is fulfilled by information. We receive information all the time, what ever we want or don’t. This phenomenon is called information explosion. And internet, what we should be grateful, disseminates information freely and quickly. In general, I think the appearance of internet and the innumerous information has more value than the problem it brings because it facilitates communication.

Maybe the most valuable information is the news of our friends and family. Internet supply many powerful functions of communication, so we can throw the nonsense “no news is good news” away. Before 90s of last century, we wrote letters which took several days to send or receive; in last 15 years, we prefer to talk through the phones which cost so much that my parents could rarely speak several words every to insure I’m fine in school. But nowadays, chatting on the internet become more and more popular. By using software like MSN, you can enjoy the conversation and watch the real-time video of your listener as long as you want for nearly free. With this kind of information, people don’t have to worry about their relationship with friends and family becoming colder for lack of time.

Social people require common topic for all time. And the most efficient way offered is internet. Web site update the latest news, people can find out what happened now instead of several hours ago or several days before. And searching function can give you information collect in category, and every body has the chance to become the expert in his interesting aspect, because internet is the most comprehensive textbook.

Critics are concerned that people will fall victim to bad or incorrect information and simulate. Some web sites really are poisoning children’s minds. But every sword has two blades, we can’t just blame the information from web site. In my opinion enhancing the quality of education is what we truly need to do.
第三，四段比较拗口，并且Chinlish比较明显，文章第二段展开的很好，但后面的两段影响了全文的Originization,不过没关系，继续努力，加油！

zyechozyUID: 2253463

When it comes to the question that whether internet(Internet大写) provides a lot of valuable information or the infinite information creates problems, I agree with the first one for the internet which is so important nowadays.(第一段语法错误有两处，都是句子结构问题，希望引起高度重视——开篇不能有负面印象。)

Internet supplies innumerous information for us and we use the information in almost all areas of our daily life. It is hard to image that what our life will be without internet.

First, internet provides a lot of study information, and we can search almost all areas(跟前面用得一模一样，建议改改，体现“语言多样性”……) of knowledge on internet. For（For）example, if you feel puzzled about a natural phenomenon that why trees turn green in spring, you search the internet, then plenty of information is available for you. another (Another) way is that there are plenty of online courses that people can access. Also many tests are take(taken) on internet, such as TOEFL.

Second, internet can be useful tools for people's work. People can make business through internet. Businessman can negotiate through internet and finally reach and (an) agreement, the a(删掉) list is made, an order is signed, everything is done, it is just so easy for them. Also People can find a job on the Internet; there are so many career information for the one who is hunting for a job.

Third, people can entertain through internet. There are lots of internet games access（accesses这里似乎是名词噢）today that a large number of people play with them. also (Also,)people can see (watch a movie)a movie or listen to a music through music(Internet,嘿嘿，写晕了吧~). After hard work, people get relaxation by internet. Additional, internet make the people's life much more convenient and easy. We can chat with our friends through Internet, we can contact our family via e-mail and so on.

Because of all the convenience and useful information it supplies, the internet is important for people's life.

作文：
1、  第一段错误有点严重，其实可以用自己把握大的句型，比如说背过的，尽量杜绝错误！
2、  语言多样性，有点欠缺，比如动词用得最多的就是make & take…
3、  每句话首字母大写……
4、  多看些别人好的文章，拓展举例思路
口语：
1、  口语其实跟作文有一点一样，语言多样性有点欠。比如两篇作文当中都反复出现funny…
2、  R-L-S题型，结构不清晰，比如先说R的内容，最好加句：In the reading passage,….同样，在复述L内容前，建议也加上。显得很有逻辑。
3、  R-L-S，内容应该以听力为主，9号同学似乎不是哦~建议研究OG


[ 本帖最后由 zyechozy 于 2007-5-12 22:39 编辑 ]

wgaggassi34UID: 2279352

改4号口语

Delta 305 Q1:2点说的都蛮清楚,其中有几处语法小错误.
Delta 305 Q2:这道题主要的问题是没有分成几个点.就一个点说到底了~不过中间用的几个词还是很不错的~
Delta P318-3.6A:这道题目说的不错.几个点都答到了!
Delta P319-3.6B:几乎花了一般时间说无关紧要的东西了.不过这题比较难~说成这样也不容易了!
LM-MiniTest3-Q1:总体说的不错.不过也有几个语法错误!
LM-MiniTest3-Q2:这题其实你是听懂了,但是表达的没有条理.我觉得这题是后面几题里最容易的,请仔细想想应该怎么表达,才能让听者听的明白!

少了一题吧?

wgaggassi34UID: 2279352

改2号口语:

305.1:发音不错.不过没有分论点,一点到底,不太好!注意是45秒,你已经超时好多了!
305.2:注意是45秒!第一点说的还可以,不过后面的就来不及展开了!
318.1:语法错误蛮多的,而且你好象没有听懂这篇听力,后面主要的东西没表达出来!
319.2:这篇好难,你说成这样真的很不错!虽然同样存在语法错误!
lm2.2:又超时了,注意是45秒,前面东西别说太多,展开论点太晚,以至来不及说后面的了!

少了2段录音.

wallace_jimUID: 2249569

The lecture talks about the potential threaten of panda because of the flowering and seeding cycle of Asian bamboo, and he says the survival of panda has increasingly became a huge problem at second half of 20 century.

As the same to the belief in the passage that many species of Asian bamboo have rather unique flowering and seeding cycles. These cycles unique is that all the members of a species tend to flower and then seed at the time, then the bamboo died, besides cycle s occur at rather lengthy intervals of perhaps fifteen to sixty years or more. Especially, one specific bamboo in china tends to flower and seed less than once a century. That means during this period, there are no supplies of bamboos for pandas until the young bamboos grow up. However, the most pandas which live in the southwest of china are in wild and their main food is bamboo. So they can't find food unless they move to anther place where full of dangers.

From the lecture we get know that the panda are not only threatened by hunters and loss of their habitat but also by the flowering cycle of bamboo. So we should pay attention to present severe situation and endeavor to solve it.

wallace_jimUID: 2249569

We live in a society which is fulfilled by information. We receive information all the time, what ever we want or don’t. This phenomenon is called information explosion.(这里下这样一个定义觉得不好，挺别扭的) And internet, what we should be grateful, disseminates information freely and quickly. In general, I think the appearance of internet and the innumerous information has more value than the problem it brings because it facilitates communication.

Maybe the most valuable information is the news of our friends and family. Internet supply many powerful functions of communication, so we can throw the nonsense “no news is good news” away. Before 90s of last century, we wrote letters which took several days to send or receive; in last 15 years, we prefer to talk through the phones which cost so much that my parents could rarely speak several words every to insure I’m fine in school. But nowadays, chatting on the internet become more and more popular. By using software like MSN, you can enjoy the conversation and watch the real-time video of your listener as long as you want for nearly free. With this kind of information, people don’t have to worry about their relationship with friends and family becoming colder for lack of time.

Social people require common topic for all time. And the most efficient way offered is internet. Web site update the latest news, people can find out what happened now instead of several hours ago or several days before.（这句有歧义） And searching function can give you information collect in category, and every body has the chance to become the expert in his interesting aspect, because internet is the most comprehensive textbook.

Critics are concerned that people will fall victim to bad or incorrect information and simulate. Some web sites really are poisoning children’s minds. But every sword has two blades, we can’t just blame the information from web site. In my opinion enhancing the quality of education is what we truly need to do.（这句结尾句出来得太唐突）

评语：文章写得还是不错。尤其第二段，但结尾太简短而且没有逻辑，突然转到说提高教育才是最重要的。可以考虑另起一段写结尾，第二和三合并在一起。

小龙团茶UID: 2298034

Internet information: valuable or problematic
        Today, our world enters into （into去掉）an age names information society, （and）the access to info is much easier to obtain than ever before. In so many types of media which help us get the things(information比较好) we want to know, the internet is one of the most important tools. We can get almost all information we need in the internet. The information we obtained from（the） internet is valuable and influencing.
        Internet(the Internet都要加) helps us obtain some valuable information easier and（more） quickly. Take my own experience as an example, in the process of my task research, I have to consult almost all related thesis and monograph which have been published. In the past, I have(had) to go to library or bookstore to find the information I need, and the task is(was) very tedious and time-consuming, （.）I use(used) plenty time in browsing thousands of books and theses just for some specifically information, and the work may turn out to be fruitless.(用得好这个词) But with the internet, all the work I need to do is click（clicking） the mouse for (at) the information I am interested. Instead of browsing in the thousands of books aimlessly, I can restrict the query content and query the information I needed by the use of search engine, the rest of work is accomplished by the computer and the internet. I can get all the information I needed.
        Internet also helps us to share some of our feelings or(and) thoughts with the people from all over the world. When some important event happened(happens), we can communicate with each other by post (为什莫用这个词呢come out with 有发表的意思)our idea in BBS、(from)Blog or（and） some other places, we can know other people’s opinion instantly and discuss it together.
        Internet also brings some rubbish and unhealthy information and brings out （leads to ）many problems. Because in the internet people can release any information anywhere in anytime, some people deliver some false message just for fun or for some personal purpose. We find we often receive some advertisements from lawless merchant. Some unhealthy website are opened by some people who was blinded by gain, it attracts some children abandoned themselves in these info and given up their study, in some extreme situation, it leads them go to (去掉)do some mistakes.
        Internet enable us obtain various information. Some info are useful, some useless or even misleading. It changing our life style from the day it was invented.（这句挺好） It makes our life seems more interesting, help us solve many difficulties, but it also brings us some un-wanted or bad influence. We could use the internet in the positive aspect and restrain some bad impact by some effective method, such as increase the check strengthens、cultivate correct net-surf manner、and so on. Through our effort, the internet will give us more positive impression rather than source of problem.（最后一段写得不错哈，学习！）
结构和思路都很清晰的，除了一些小的错误，文章还可以。继续努力！

小龙团茶UID: 2298034

Every coin has two sides, so does the internet.（这个句型学习！） With the advent of information era, there is so much surprise coming to us including the internet. (不错）Although it provides us much valuable information along with varied problems, as for me, its advantages overwhelm its disadvantages greatly. （开头简练 很好哈)

First of all, the internet provides us a vast sea of information. You can get almost whatever information you want on line. From the incidents we can back up 500 B.C. to the latest news; from how to dress yourself in case of you are attending an interview to some emotional problems that you might encounter in your life; from the easiest way to mend your motorcycles to the latest expo of automobiles in Shanghai,; from the most abstract concept of the anthropology to the most commonly used abbreviation of words on the internet. The internet provides so many choices that we can fulfill our thirst for knowledge in an incredible degree. Whatever you want, you can ”google” it in the cyberspace.(例子都不错啊）

On the second place, its fast speed and convenience are out of your expectation. The moment an event appear some where, like an explosion happens in Bagdad, it appears on all the major website of the world, like CNN and ABC and so on. With just a click of your mouth, you can let it appear on your screen even vividly. The internet also makes our lives easier. For instance, we can be taught at home without going to university miles away; we can send e-mails instantly to my friend in another country; we can chat with each other on line. How exiting it is that we can see each other and talk to each other on lines at the same without any cost. （我没有想到的例子）It’s reported that a team of Microsoft was set up to detect any information on line that is negative to their Company, and then settle them down as soon as possible for it takes only 7 seconds to let a message to spread to any part of the worldNo wonder that more and more people and companies hold that the internet will be the most important media in 21st century.

Admittedly, there are some bad influences on people, like some youngster(s) can be addicted to games on lines or fall in love with "the dog" on the other side of screen. And even some social problems and crimes come up associated with internet because of too much sex and violence, too much cheating and defraud that may induce our kids to follow. Besides, some knowledge that we get through it may be false and fabricated.

In sum, the internet bring us more benefits than harm，the gist lies on how to use it selectively and wisely, tell the right from wrong meanwhile have a good control of our kids to use it properly.
写得真不错，有的句型和例子都值得我学习，不过最后一段有些简略，时间不够了吧。