CLIMATE小组第一次作业(求拍)

cowgodUID: 2371697

ISSUE2 - "Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society."

字数：573         用时：00:45:00          日期：2007-11-10 23:58:49

Competition, the rivalry of two or more parties over something, exists in biology, business, politic, sports and education and so on. Animals compete with each other with limited resource while humans seek for recognition, wealth and entertainment in contests. Hence, competition gives incentives for self improvement. It, however, can bring out wars between countries or nations to the detriment of peace and development. It cannot be denied that competition is ultimately more beneficial to society.

Competition offers incentives for self improvement. Some social Darwinists claim that competition serves as a mechanism for determining the best-suited group, politically, economically, and ecologically after Richard Dawkins proposed evolution in terms of competition. In business, it may stimulate innovation, encourage efficiency, or drive down prices. With competitors, commercial firms, in pursuit of most profit, will develop new products, services, and technologies. Therefore, productivity will rise and so will total fortune. There is no system of resource allocation is more efficient than market which is full of competition. A case in point is planned economy which was adopted by socialist states in their early time. Though planned economy worked well at first for it enormously stimulated the recovery of countries economy, it   would prohibit the development of economy and the people’s living standards remained at a very low level afterward. Nowadays, no countries can survive without market. This mechanism also functions in politics such as election which is a competition for an elected office. Eligible people are appointed and installed in office after fury competition with enormous opponents. Subsequently they make their good effort to do their jobs well in case that they will be replaced by failed competitors. Thus, competition stimulates officers take measure to solve various problems instead of exploiting the citizen and the country will be enjoying fast development. It can also be found in education and sports and so on.

The conclusion discussed above is mostly based on equal competition. It can cause injury to the organisms involved, and drain valuable resources and energy. It can lead to the compromising of ethical standards in order to gain an advantage; for instance, when 100-metre-sprint champion   Johnson Ben of Canada tested positive for the drug stanozolol at the 1988 Summer Games in Seoul, South Korea, the world was shocked and the Games themselves were tainted. Consequently, World Anti-Doping Agency was formed to check whether athletes have used banned substances and harsh penalties will be given to athletes whose blood and urine samples were positive. These humiliating actions not only exit in sport but also in many domains. We are not strange with corrupt events that many people including officers, businessmen and so on involved for better position and more profits. Even they have tried their best to conceal their crimes, they cannot escape from penalties for casualty would prosecute them for there are laws, courts and forces that aim to prohibit these crimes. Although competition loses its balance sometimes, a lot of measures such as laws and penalty and so on are formed to prevent these conditions. To some extent, these adjustments are behavior of competition. With competition of these humiliating events, the society will become more perfect.

In conclusion, competition, existing everywhere in our world, not only causes evolution in organisms but also serves as mechanism in many domains-economies, politics, sports, education. Though it brings deteriorations to the society, it can adjust themselves with human’s efforts. Eventually, competition is more beneficial than detrimental to society.

cowgodUID: 2371697

ARGUMENT2 - The following appeared in a letter sent by a committee of homeowners from the Deerhaven Acres to all homeowners in Deerhaven Acres.
"Seven years ago, homeowners in nearby Brookville community adopted a set of restrictions on how the community's yards should be landscaped and what colors the exteriors of homes should be painted. Since then, average property values have tripled in Brookville. In order to raise property values in Deerhaven Acres, we should adopt our own set of restrictions on landscaping and housepainting."

WORDS: 345          TIME: 00:30:00          DATE: 2007-11-8 16:36:07

In this letter, a committee contends that property values in Deerhaven Acres would rise if we adopt our own set of restrictions on landscaping and house painting. To sustain this recommedation, he cites that average property values have tripled in Brookville since they adopted a set of restrictions. This argument seems to be well organized, however close scrunity will reveal several flaws it commits.

To begin with, the arguer fails to prove that it is necessary for homeowners in Deerhaven Acres to take some methods to raise property values. There is no evidence to show whether property values in Deerhaven Acres are low or high. Homeowners in this place may be enjoying high price. hence, arguer must provide informations to illustrate that they are indeed need to take some measures to raise property values.

Then, the arguer oversimplifys reasons that caused average property values in Brookville rising. As known from argument, it is seven years ago that homeowners adopted a set of measures. the arguer ingores that many factors which may affect home price such as traffic, enviroment and economy may take great changes in this period.  Therefore, home price in Vrookville community would automatically rise when traffic became more convinent as well as circustance became better.

Finally, it is too hasty to draw conclusion that property values in Deerhaven Acres will rise merely by adopting some restrictions on landscaping and house painting. The arguer negalects what comsummers would take into account while they are purchasing homes。 They may pay more attension to the  traffic and environment near homes instead of appearance of house. What is more, the unique of landscaping and house painting would cause clients' distaste.

To sum up, the recommendation can not be taken as serious as it stands. First of all, arguer must present information that homeowners in Deerhaven Acres need to take measures. To solify this argument, it must be proved that a set of restrictions cause average property values rising in Brookville. Moreover, arguer should investigate that what are consumers more care about when they select homes in Deerhaven Acres.

cowgodUID: 2371697

TOPIC: ARGUMENT3 - The following appeared in a newspaper article about law firms in the city of Megalopolis.

"In Megalopolis, the number of law school graduates who went to work for large, corporate firms declined by 15 percent over the last three years, whereas an increasing number of graduates took jobs at small, general practice firms. Even though large firms usually offer much higher salaries, law school graduates are choosing to work for the smaller firms most likely because they experience greater job satisfaction at smaller firms. In a survey of first-year students at a leading law school, most agreed with the statement that earning a high salary was less important to them than job satisfaction. This finding suggests that the large, corporate firms of Megalopolis will need to offer graduates more benefits and incentives and reduce the number of hours they must work."
WORDS: 357          TIME: 00:30:00          DATE: 2007-11-8 21:06:19

In this article, the editorial claims that it is necessary for corporate firms, in Megalopolis, to provide graduates with more benefits and incentives as well as reduce the number of working hours. To substain this propostion, he cites the fact that the number of graduates who went to large firms is declining, whereas the number of graduates who went to small firms is soaring. In addition, a survey was adduced to solidify this argument. This argument, however, seems to be well organized, close scrunity will reveal none of these reasons lend credible support to this propostion.

Firstly, it is too groundless to reason that large, corporate need to take in more worker. As known to us, the compotition in large, corporate firm is signaficantly fierce. Therefor, employers of these firms raised the job addimision request for graduate which result in the reducing in the number of workers. Without the reasons why the number of gruaduates who went to work for large, corporate firms deminish, it is impossible to draw conclusion that corporate should take some measures to change this condition.

Secondly, the survey that most students, first-year at a leading law school, agreed that they prefer job satisfaction to a high salary is invalid. Because, freshmen who were not facing with the pressure of job, consided less about economy. Instead, they thought more their will which may be unreality. consequently, the arguer should investigate undergraduates.

Finally, even graduates pay more attention to job satisfaction, it is too hasty to recommend that large corporate firms have to provide more benefits and incentives to graduates. Job satisfaction dose not just indicate more benefits and incentives but lot of content for instance the improvement of jobs. What is more, there is no evidence in this argument to support that graduate do not experience job satisfaction.

In sum, this argument commits several logical flaws and unconvince. To make it more convincing, the arguer should present the fact that large, corporate firms have difficulty in employing graduates. A survey should investigate undergraduate who are experiencing the pressure of finding jobs and figure out what is job satifaction are they taking into accout.