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issue
5."A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer."
提纲:
【正】论点:统一课程的基础教育对于学生和大学都是有好处的。
对学生的:
类比+定义:基础教育和高等教育的目的是不同的;基础教育就像给学生们一张知识殿堂的地图,而高等教育则是由学生们选择进入殿堂中的某个具体的地点,因此有一张标准化的地图是 必要的。
反证:如果在各地方开展的课程迥异,当各地的学生进入同一所大学时,对于那些学的相对较少的学生就会输在起跑线上,尽管可以通过大学来弥补,但是要承受很大的心理压力,并且需要足够的自制力。
对学校的:
1、如果在进入大学前全国范围内所有学生都学习的是相同的课 程,首先大学在筛选时就可以根据一个固定的标准进行录取,这样也有助于像社会大众保证教育的公平性。
2、大学在为在校学生安排课程时也会比较方便。
【反】论点:一个国家的各个地区条件和情况都是不同的,是否能够开同样的课程。
举例论证+统计数字:
中国幅员辽阔,同时东西部、农村和城市经济环境差异也很大,尽管统一的课程有上述的种种好处,然而真正的实施却有很大的困难。比如一些需要复杂实验课和计算机课程,在农村校舍都很简陋的情况下根本不可能开展。
而另一些自然实验课在城市有限的空间条件下也是无法真正实践的。
论点:固定的课程可能会扼杀学生的创造性和特殊的天分。(简单提及)
【合】论点:或许可以规定一个大纲即对一些基本的知识的要求而非课程。
列举特征:教育要求的大纲比起具体的课程有更大的灵活性同时也能够 达到基本统一学习的内容的要求。
举例+统计数据:目前大部分国家的基础教育制度。
Education is generally diverged into fundamental education and college education .Fundamental education is broadly compared as the map of the palace of knowledge, while college education leads learners to the precise site of that palace .Obviously, any map should be normalized.
Considering the purposes and functions of the two types of education ,the speaker's suggestion will undoubtedly be advisable .Everyone ,who has been educated ,will admit that before we enter university we ,as a whole, acquired some ethical norms, orthodox social values and basic academic knowledge .All these will give us a comprehensive ken of our knowledge .And these elementary knowledge will enable us later to find out the specialized aspect of knowledge which arouse our curiosity .This incentive will lead us to a deeper study in the college .Moreover ,the value we learned at that period will have vital influence on our future life .In order to lay a proper value system foundation for children, a nation certainly should require the identical courses.
The drawbacks of different national curriculum will extend to the students' college study .For the reason that if they studied provincial courses ,students in those areas which instruct less will be inferior to their peers at the start line .Even though they can gradually catch up via their own efforts ,the cases of several rural students indicate that it actually requires enough ambition and self-regulating ,together with great psychological pressure .Thus it seems important and rational to give the students the same curriculum.
Apart from the students, national curriculum will equally facility the universities' enrollment to some extent. As the equity of education calls increasingly attentions nowadays, it has always been a complicated and difficult process for universities to enroll their students .This dilemma will be easily resolved if the same courses are taught nationwide .When all the candidates attend the same class ,universities can choose their potential students by one criteria . Additionally, faculty can arrange the curriculum without worrying about the students' different educational backgrounds .A national curriculum also allows schools, teachers and students to share the teaching and studying resources, which will subsequently abate educational expenditure.
While we are theoretically presenting the advantages of a national curriculum, the leaders and principals of the less-developed regions will surely protest with their own reasons. Imagining the condition that constructing a ordinary teaching building consumes all their accessible resources, how will they be able to offer a lab with expensive apparatus or a computer classroom to satisfy the national curriculum's level. This situation is especially true in China, since the GDP of the northern cities is more than ten times of the western rural areas. As a consequent, the money spends on education differs substantially. Taking these facts into account, the enforcement of a national curriculum does not appear feasible.
Still, the educators might oppose the speaker's advice. Their study shows that the children's innovation will be depraved by the rigid courses. What the educators really advocate is that education should reveal the individual talents and interests of each student.
Until now, you must be puzzled by my analysis. Indeed, this is a complex problem. Every country, every leader of the national educational department and every principal of elementary schools might have discussed it for so long that we now have a compromise precollege educational system. Perceiving all the countries across the world, we discovered that it is a desirable choice for us to set a balance by making a general outline of the contents for the courses instead of requiring the same curriculum. Numerous nations experiences proved that it is quite a practicable way to provide the really effective elementary education.
We all want to provide the younger generation with the best education .Offering the reqiured contents instead of the national same curriculum will to a great extent fulfill the obligation of fundamental education. |
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