本帖最后由 okusa 于 2009-6-29 13:22 编辑
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ARGUMENT167
A folkremedy* for insomnia, the scent in lavender flowers, 结论has now been proved effective. In a recent study, 30 volunteers with chronic insomnia slept each night for three weeks on lavender-scented pillows in a controlled room where their sleep was monitored. During the first week, volunteers continued to take their usual sleeping medication. They slept soundly but wakened feeling tired. During the second week, the volunteers discontinued their medication. As aresult, they slept less soundly than the previous week and felt even more tired. During the third week, the volunteers slept longer and more soundly than in the previous two weeks. This shows that over a short period of time lavender cures insomnia.
*A folk remedy is usually a plant-based form of treatment common to traditionalforms of medicine, ones that developed before the advent of modern medicalservices and technology.
提纲：
1．失眠定义。试验中的现象和失眠如何有关？睡的长和不累与失眠有和关系？
2．第2周停药了，没睡好，是否恰恰说明薰衣草坏的影响？而第3周，习惯了味道，则不再影响。
3．即便是说参与者睡眠质量改善了，也可能不是薰衣草，是它因：
-是因为药到了第3周才开始更加起效？（未说是否服用其他药）
-还是因为2周没睡好，第3周自然累了所以睡的“更长”？
-还是因为心理暗示？
4．没有证据排除上述原因，
The statement concludes that the scent in lavender is effective to cure insomnia.To prove the conclusion, the speaker cites an experiment result of 30 chronic insomnia volunteers who slept longer on lavender-scented pillows in the third week of the experiment. However, this argument is weak with many critical problems.
First of all, the speaker never gives the clear definition of the symptom of insomnia. In the statement, the speaker only mentions the sleeping was longer and more soundly, which may be not related to insomnia. If the definition was the “inability to fall asleep”, therefore, the experiment result of sleeping longer and more soundly would be irrelevant at all.
Second,the statement intends to prove the scent in lavender is good for sleep; on the contrary, it is possible that the scent had a bad influence, deduced just from the statement. In the second week, the volunteers discontinued the medicine and their sleeping worsened. At the same time, they kept using the lavender-scented pillows, though. Therefore, it is probably that the lavender scent influenced badly on their sleeping. Later in the third week, they get used to the scent and their sleeping was improved. In short, lavender scent may have negative influence on curing the insomnia.
Third,other reasons may attribute to the improvement of their sleeping in the third week other than the lavender scent. For instance, the speaker did not give the information whether the volunteers were taking other medicines from the third week, thus we cannot say it is the function of lavender scent that is effective to cure the insomnia. Moreover, if the volunteers are informed that they are monitored by an experiment, their sleeping may be influenced by some psychological reasons. They may anticipate a positive result of the lavender experiment, or they may be tired but relaxed till the third week, so they slept better.
In sum, the argument is unconvincing that lavender scent is effective to cure the insomnia. To better assess the argument, we need better definition of insomnia as well as evidence to exclude other variables in the controlled experiments. | 
发表于 2009-6-29 13:19:11
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