（13高频）Argu188求拍

天天出发UID: 2678686

嗯，好像没有看到互改帖，于是就发吧……是看了寄托上的许多好帖，若有所悟，然后写出来的，写的时间无疑太长了……但是只有9天了，求拍！！谢过先


TOPIC: ARGUMENT188 - A new report suggests that men and women experience pain very differently from one another, and that doctors should consider these differences when prescribing pain medications. When researchers administered the same dosage of kappa opioids-a painkiller-to 28 men and 20 women who were having their wisdom teeth extracted, the women reported feeling much less pain than the men, and the easing of pain lasted considerably longer in women. This research suggests that kappa opioids should be prescribed for women whenever pain medication is required, whereas men should be given other kinds of pain medication. In addition, researchers should reevaluate the effects of all medications on men versus women.
WORDS: ???
TIME:01:30:00
DATE: 2009-8-23 15:53:27

By citing a medical research as evidence, the argument suggests doctors should consider gender disparities when prescribing pain medications and researchers should treat gender issues more seriously by reevaluating all medications. Though it is highly reasonable and probable that men and women react differently to some medications, the argument fails to reason correctly and finally arrives at conclusions much too generalized to hold water.

First, the research which the argument is based on could hardly illustrate anything. By using terminology like "much less pain", the argument fails to  ellucidate what the disparities between men patients and women patients really are. Does "much less pain" mean each of the women patients felt little or moderate pain, while each of the men patients had a much more painful experience? Or does it mean 50% of women patients reported much less pain, while the rest of all the patients, including the other half women and all men, said they felt really painful? Or just more women than men reported something like "virtually painless"? Moreover, with omitted information about important aspects of the patients, we could never know whether this "much less pain" was solely or mainly caused by gender differences. Perhaps the women patients in participated in the research were older than men, and older people tend to have looser wisdom teeth, thus leading to less pain during the extraction. And perhaps the men patients are generally bigger in size, thus requires a bigger dosage for the kappa opioids to take conspicuous effect.

With the conclusion of the research being unconvincing, the arguer hastily prescibes kappa opioids to all women in need of pain medication and only women. Even if the research did succeed in proving that kappa opiods had a better effect on women than men during the teeth extration treatment, the suggestion of presciption would still be over-generalizing and misleading. A painkiller good at easing pains during extraction does not necessarily excel at erasing pains casued by, say, bone fracture. It is entirely possible that kappa opiods mainly takes effect in the oral area, while does little to ease the pain in other parts of the human body such as limbs. Further, many more things have to be considered before a painkiller can be prescibed to a patient, woman or man. It might be dangerous, as an instance, for pregnant women to use kappa opioid. It is also possible that kappa opioid could generate serious side-effects when regularly taken during a long time, thus making the painkiller a bad choice for women who need to take painkiller often. Comparing available substitutes is also necessary before kappa opioid is or is not prescribed. Perhaps another inexpensive painkiller would erase pain more effectively with less side-effect for women, making kappa opioid not a first choice at all; or perhaps no such medication exists for men, leaving doctors with no better choice than kappa opioid.

Finally, researchers should be careful if they are ever informed of the arguer’s claim that all medications should be reevaluated on men versus women. Not only the gender disparities of kappa opioid usage in wisdom teeth extraction need further justification, many other elements should also be taken into account before the arduous task of medication reevaluation on a gender basis is put on research schedule. Some similar researches may have already been conducted, and there are many more compelling questions and needs, like medications for cancer and AIDS, which should be assigned priority.

天天出发UID: 2678686

1# 天天出发

这个，其实我一向习惯同时改别人和被改的。哪位大侠有东西要改的，也可以回复啊，然后我改了您的之后您再改我的，这样行吧？==