Issue41 寄托4人组 8.11作业

tangjihedeUID: 2107695

Issue41. "Such non-mainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science." 一些非主流的领域，如占星、算命以及通灵和超自然探索在社会中扮演着很重要的角色，它们 满足了那些主流科学满足不了的人类需求。

提纲：
1．        科学在现代社会中局于主导地位，但经验层面上的局限使得科学无法满足人们对超验世界的追求
2．        占星、算命等因迎合了人们的这一需求因而走红。（例：有些科技人员也参与到这一活动中）
3．        但是，它们中的很多问题（诈骗。。。）使人们有必要保持清醒的认识，而宗教可以在满足需求方面做的更好。

Issue41  第1篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！
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作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：65分36秒     427/ 603 words
从2005年7月11日10时7分到2005年7月11日11时65分
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Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science.
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No where in history did a society as ironic as ours: on the one hand, science has long been regarded as a paramount inquiry of human beings; on the other hand, nonmainstream areas such as astrology, fortune-telling, psychic, etc., despite contradictory to science, are still owning their market and even quite popular somewhere. The speaker seems willing to grand them significance in our society. I will argue, however, their role should not be exaggerated.

To begin with, we need to know why these nonmainstream areas could bear its popularity in such fast-developing scientific times. When modern science had won its status over medieval alchemy and other pseudosciences ever since Newton's era, many scientists were so optimistic about scientific methods—which is based on empiricism and emphasize experiment-- that they held science would gradually supercede all inquiries. Auguste Comte, the 19 century father of positivism, for instance, argued that all human history can be divided into three periods and now the scientific era finally arrived. All other subjects before this era, religion and philosophy as in his taxonomy, would no longer exist since the method of natural science had proved to be so efficient and successful that all human inquiries, no matter about nature or society, human body or spirit, would soon adopt this method exclusively. However, as time goes by, people became realizing the limitation of scientific method: its empirical orientation cannot explain people's transcendental concerns. Science can be valid only when there are empirical data to analyze; while in the area of human spirit, no scientist can answer one's question such as what the meaning of life is(觉得what is the meaning of life 读的更顺口啊。求教一下), and what one's fortune will be. In scientists view, this kind of questions is only pseudo questions since no observable data can be offered and thereby they are worthless to be asked and answered.

However, for many people those questions do need an answer. Human beings are not only empirical beings that can be explained by their external behavior; on the contrary, their inner spirits always drive them to transcendental, i.e., supernatural, world. Scientists' scorn shows nothing but their failure in this area. However dominant and authoritative as science is, it nevertheless can neither prove nor disprove those nonmainstream areas of inquiry such as astrology, psychic, etc., which just offer answers to these questions. Therefore, many people who accept science can parallelizely(???help!) accept astrology without direct conflict. A recent research shows that in many Chinese leading universities, astrology and fortune-telling are so popular that many students majoring in science and technology will refer to them to see their “fortune” today or to decide their daily wearing. This helps reveal the point that human thirst for knowing their future and mysterious events will be too easily to be neglected.

Yet acknowledging science's limitation does not mean that subjects as astrology are necessary or even helpful for human beings. Those mysterious inquiries are based on no solid grounds and can sometimes mislead people. Many people spend a lot of energy and money on them while result in nothing valuable. Some even suffer from dupery when they mistrust some persons who claim to know their fortune. In fact, there are other ways that people can be more confident in and find better answers to their ultimate concerns: philosophy and religion are two of them. They both give or try to give sound suggestion to people, and for thousands of years the wisdoms philosophical sages and religion tutors offered have proven to be precious spiritual fortunes for human beings. By appealing to them, one can better know about transcendental life other than astrologies.

In the final analysis, the deep reason why nonmainstream areas of inquiry won popularity should be realized while not just distain and sneer this phenomenon. As the following step, a heath orientation for spiritual inquiries should be advocated, for there are far better ways to meet people's needs other than astrology, psychic, and all these mysterious and unreliable subjects.

667 words

meautoUID: 2116250

Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science.
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No where in history did a society as ironic as ours: on the one hand, science has long been regarded as a paramount inquiry of human beings;这个of human beings是修饰science还是修饰inquiry的？如果是后者，研究宇宙自然是不是科学？ on the other hand, nonmainstream areas such as astrology, fortune-telling, psychic, etc., despite contradictory to science, are still owning their market and even quite popular somewhere.and popularity somewhere更顺些 The speaker seems willing to grand them significance in our society. I will argue, however, their role should not be exaggerated.

To begin with, we need to know why these nonmainstream areas could bear its popularity in such fast-developing scientific times. When modern science had won its status over medieval alchemy and other pseudosciences ever since Newton's era, many scientists were so optimistic about scientific methods—which is based on empiricism and emphasize是不是emphasized啊？ experiment-- that they held science would gradually supercede取代研究？ all inquiries. Auguste Comte, the 19 century father of positivism, for instance, argued that all human history can be divided into three periods and now the scientific era finally arrived. All other subjects before this era, religion and philosophy as in his taxonomy, would no longer exist since the method of natural science had proved to be so efficient and successful that all human inquiries, no matter about没见过这种用法，请教。直接inquires, on nature or …可不可以？ nature or society, human body or spirit, would soon adopt this method exclusively.这里先来个让步，说科学怎样好好好，然后转折，说没有顾及到某些需要 However, as time goes by, people became时态 realizing the limitation of scientific method: its empirical orientation cannot explain people's transcendental concerns. Science can be valid only when there are empirical data to analyze; while in the area of human spirit, no scientist can answer one's questionanswer questions such as what the meaning of life is(觉得what is the meaning of life 读的更顺口啊。求教一下What is your name?顺口的那个是对的：)), and what one's fortune will be. In scientistsscientists’ view, this kind of questions is only pseudo questions since no observable data can be offered and thereby they are worthless to be asked and answered.
人生的意义不是哲学三大问题之一么，怎么能够说是伪科学。整段都是empirical，是基于观察和经验吧，那对于什么宇宙爆炸，多维时空的问题怎么说？
实际上题目还是说了mainstream science是可以满足人们的某些甚至绝大部分的需要的。你不仅在正面肯定科学价值是力度弱了，而且科学的价值，ms和人无关，全在科研
However, for many people those questions do need an answer. Human beings are not only empirical beings that can be explained by their external behavior; on the contrary, their inner spirits always drive them to transcendental, i.e., supernatural, world. Scientists' scorn shows nothing but their failure in this area. However dominant and authoritative as science is, it nevertheless can neither prove nor disprove those nonmainstream areas of inquiry such as astrology, psychic, etc., which just offer answers to these questions.意思上缺一步，问那些问题就是人们内在需要得不到满足的表现 Therefore, many people who accept science can parallelizely(???help!把我的破词推荐一个给你，blindly) accept astrology without direct conflict. A recent research shows that in many Chinese leading leading Chinese吧 universities, astrology and fortune-telling are so popular that many students majoring in science and technology will refer to them to see their “fortune” today or to decide their daily wearing.bring them luck This helps reveal the point that human thirst for knowing their future and mysterious events will be too easily to be neglected.by what?算命不是照顾到了么？点一下科学。
我把别人写过的一点东西沾在文章的最后，你可能看过了。实际上你没有把伪科学和未知领域的non-mainstream inquiry分开来，所以你的prove and disprove句有点怪.同时，你下一段的内容把探索的inquiry也一秆子打翻了。很多科学，也是个从无到有的过程。
Yet acknowledging science's limitation does not mean that subjects换个词 as astrology are necessary or even helpful必要和有益哪个程度更深？ for human beings. Those mysterious inquiries are based on no solid grounds and can sometimes mislead people. Many people spend a lot of energy and money on them指代不明 while result inget back/obtain nothing valuable. Some even suffer from dupery 怪的说 when they mistrust some persons who claim to know their fortune. In fact, there are other ways that people can be more confident in [我懂你的意思.不过还是不要了吧]and find better answers to their ultimate concerns: philosophy and religion are two of them. They both give or try to give sound suggestions to people, and for thousands of years the wisdomsu.n philosophical sages and religion tutors offered have proven to be precious spiritual fortunes for human beings.religion能说wisdom么？安慰心灵吧 By appealing to them, one can better know about transcendental life other than astrologies.
重点在于占星的坏处，难道只是让人们受到欺骗这么简单么？应该从正面攻击下。better answers又是怎么回事？难道占星是generally good吗？哲学不是科学吗？为什么人们还是去算命了呢？

In the final analysis, the deep reason why nonmainstream areas of inquiry haswon popularity should be realized while(注意下这句的主语) not just distain and sneer this phenomenon. As the following step, a heathheat orientation for spiritual inquiries should be advocated, for there are far better ways to meet people's needs other than astrology, psychic, and all these mysterious and unreliable subjects.
题目先是给非主流研究领域限定了一个范围，astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits，当然还有其他的内容可以论述。不过就目前已经给出的内容来看，实际上这个点是比较复杂的。为什么说复杂呢？因为牵涉到了两个不同的方面，一个是占星和算命，可以算成是伪科学的范畴。另一个是精神和超自然追求，这个就应该算是人类未知，或者尚在探索中的领域了。应该说，这两个方面其实有着很大的不同，那么各自的作用也就不会相同，如果放在一起说，会给自己造成一定的困难。所以，我觉得可以把这个点分两个方面展开，分别论述伪科学和未知/探索中领域。

[ Last edited by yogurt4 on 2005-8-11 at 21:24 ]

tangjihedeUID: 2107695

1.是inquiry of science 啊，你的问题我没看明白，和宇宙有什么关系？
2。no matter about。。我是想说不论是。。还是。。，也不论是。。还是。。拿不准。
3。ft，我知道what‘s your na'me， 问题是这是放从句里了，似乎要用正序，可就是读着别扭。
4。不是伪科学，而是伪问题。在一些科学实证主义者看来人生问题之类的都是没有意义的， 不是值得回答的问题。empirical确实是科学的一大特征。大爆炸只是假说。其实涉及宇宙起源的问题很哲学了。不过科学假说可以通过一系列试验（经验层面上的）得到验证
，因而经验实证的根基是没有变的。
5，真是破词！我说的是人家并行不悖，不是视而不见啊。
6。我的论证其实不是基于已知和未知，而是经验和超越，这样基本断定了科学方法因其经验性的特征决定它永远不可能解决超越的问题。对于超越的问题，科学是无法证实也无法证伪的，所以无法对超越追求构成直接冲击。
7health orientation我是想说健康的导向。。可能不对。
8。不同意把四者分两层次说，按我理解，第三个的意思是通灵，第四个是超自然的诉求，和前两者是一类的。
9其他的照收。多谢！

meautoUID: 2116250

1,of human being是修饰谁的?
5那个啥并行不悖我看成麻痹了.
6科学无法怔伪的?今天跳出来个占星,明天跳出来个算命,后天跳出来个什么别的迷信的东西
这也叫超越么?
还有,non-mainstream inquiry真的就有效满足了人们的需要么?
就算命来说,事实和算命结果的不符怎么说?

我晕了已经.

[ Last edited by meauto on 2005-8-12 at 02:28 ]

bridgewalkerUID: 208595

1.astrology, fortune-telling, psychic and paranormal pursuits 存在，的确能满足一些needs.
2.但是，绝不是vital.
3.科学才是主要的！

tangjihedeUID: 2107695

1.修饰inquiry啊，后置定语。人类的探索。
6。某人说他通灵，你给我证实一个或证伪（如果他一口咬定自己不是骗子的话）一个看看。占星那个东西科学也不太好证伪。如果事情没有按占星说的那样发生，占星者可以拿出一套话语来解释，比如某大师发功了什么的。。。只能说和科学准确的预测比，它的可信度小。
bridge你的提纲可以那么说，但我们两个是不同的进路。在我看来，有些东西科学是永远无法取代的，这也是为什么宗教始终存在的原因。
我也晕了。写新的吧。

yogurt4UID: 198389

顶一下我老大的帖子,怀念啊

approachUID: 2101189

我还在想....
怎么又出现个四人组....
当年的四人组好经典啊~~~