argument188 求救sally,berlinbear,yangxing(sally小组)

superficialUID：2151788

argument188
New report suggests that men and women experience pain very differently from one another, and that doctors should consider these differences when prescribing pain medications. When researchers administered the same dosage of kappa opioids—a painkiller—to 28 men and 20 women who were having their wisdom teeth extracted, the women reported feeling much less pain than the men, and the easing of pain lasted considerably longer in women. This research suggests that kappa opioids should be prescribed for women whenever pain medication is required, whereas men should be given other kinds of pain medication. In addition, researchers should reevaluate the effects of all medications on men versus women.

1 样本数量太少以至于无法得出普遍使用的结论，且本例中，作者并没有详细的描述两个受试小组的特征，以至于结论女组的痛楚要比男足小得多并不令人信服。可以从年龄入手分析一下，年纪大——忍耐疼痛的能力强，年纪大，神经反应就不那么灵敏，相比较而言就不那么疼痛。但这只是很多原因中的一个，在作者没有提供相关特征前，得出这样的结论并不令人信服。
2 给两个有明显差异的受试组相同剂量的止痛药，从而得出女组比男组疼痛轻且药效时间长.但是常识告诉我们,体重是决定用药量的一个重要原因,通常情况下男女组体重是不一样的,而试验中提供了相同剂量的药,这就使试验结果有些令人怀疑.况且,即使试验中男女组体重一样,应该用相同剂量的药,但是这个试验就就不可能普遍适用了.
3 作者在最后犯了草率推广的错误，绝对化词汇all是不能随便用的。

The speaker asserts that whenever pain medication is required, women should be prescribed of certain painkiller named kappa opioids, meanwhile men need other kinds of pain medicine. While, the several evidence presented in this argument does not lend strong support to what the arguer claim. (1)  only 28 men and 20 women attended this research, (2) a same dosage was provided to both men and women,  and (3) based on all above reasons, the speaker insists that all medications on men versus women should be reevaluate.
  
To begin with, since the study involved only 48 samples in all, who were having their wisdom teeth extracted. According this situation, the author apparently can not confidently draw any conclusion about the general population from it. Besides, the author fails to describe features of two relative group compared in this argument. We cannot get any message about the average age of both group, perhaps the group of women is much older than men, so result in the fact that the women reported feeling much less pain than the men. It is also possible that as a consequence of elder age, women neural system react much slower than the much younger men group, it will also envolve the result above.

Another problem comes from the dosage of the KO the researcher administered to both group. In the end of the paragraph, the soeaker pointed out that once one need painkiller, a woman should be provided KO, meanwhile man would be better choose another. This claim based on the evident that women reported feeling much less pain than men, and the easing of pain lasted considerably longer in women. However, as we look back, we will find the basement of these phenomena is a same dosage of KO to the groups. It is a common sense to us that animals in different weight should not take the same dose of medicine. Accordingly, men and women who differentiate from each other especially in weight can not take the same dose. Actually, it is possible that average weight of men and women in this test may be almost the same, but in this way result of the test will be not representative enough to the general population.

Additionally, the speaker commits a fallacy of hasty generalization. In the end of the argument, the speaker claimed that researchers should reevaluate all the medications envolve men and women. We can believe that when one extracts ones teeth he or she may use different medicine, but based on this slim information the argument provide us we can never evaluate the all  medications involves men and women.

To sum up, we can evaluate that the author based his conclusion on some scientific proofs and experimental consequence. However, he also made some fallacies and imprudence that weaken his ultimate presumption.

[ Last edited by superficial on 2005-12-9 at 00:44 ]

superficialUID：2151788

sallyxinduUID：2131253

可能你交迟了，所以没人修改，我会抽时间帮你看看

sallyxinduUID：2131253

coco真是负责的好同志啊，看，迟交的作业都给你修改贴上来了