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The following appeared in a medical newsletter. "Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment."
我真的再背一点句型了..要不然字数总是很少....
In the letter, the author concludes that whoever suffers from muscle strain should take antibiotics as part of their treatment to prevent secondary infections. The comparison between two groups of patients, between which one group takes the antibiotics and the other not, was cited to support the conclusion. However, the finally suggestion is flawed with vague data and wrong comparison.
To begin with, the process of the study is not mentioned at all. From the letter, the conclusion that antibiotics is helpful to treat muscle strain is based on the study of two group of patients. However, there's no more information about selective samples. Are they have the exactly the same symptom? Are their gender, age, medical-history and many other factors are resemble enough for this study? Are the two group of the same sample size? In short, the author fails to offer the background of the study. If the first group are composed of many young boys, and the second is made up of old ladies, than the study is not persuasive at all. Therefore, whether the preliminary results are typical enough to represent the whole is questionable.
Even if the study itself is statistically significant, the comparison can not illustrate that antibiotics is helpful to treat muscle strain. The group under the instruction of a specializes in sports medicine is said to have a quicker recuperation. However, it is entirely possible that DR. Newland is good at treating muscle injuries. Without giving them antibiotics, it could be the same result. Meanwhile, the second grope with longer recuperation, might be due to the side effect of sugar pills and the less professional physician Dr. Alton. So, There's no evidence to indicate that it is a casual relationship between antibiotics and shorter recuperation.
Moreover, the suggestion is too extreme to indicate whoever is diagnosed with muscle strain should take antibiotics. Common knowledge informs us, every patient has different conditions and symptom, it should be advised case by case. Patients may suffer from the fist infections, or they have a light muscle strain. If someone is allergic to antibiotics, he or she should never be suggested to take it. The suggestion is extended to a larger scope.
In sum, the author arbitrarily suggests that everyone should take the same medicine for healing muscle strain. The conclusion is totally based on the less sufficient results. The author should make more detailed research on the study, moreover, all patients should be treated respectively rather than as the author suggests. |
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