issue4 Smile-A组 第六次作业

EmmanuelleUID: 2231740

TOPIC: ISSUE4 - "No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study."

I agree with the view concerned in the issue that hardly any study can advance if it is isolated from other subjects. Although there are some theories were built in their own domains and commonly the outsiders can make little negative effects, communications among different areas have become so prevalent that bringing other knowledge and experience is very necessary because of the development of technology and science.


I concede there are some laws or theories which were summarized in one field. For example, Pythagorean Theorem in geometry was searched out in triangle only using calculations; Linnaeus, Swedish biologist, classified thousands of plants basing on the characteristics of leaves, flowers etc. The reason for this is when the study is at the beginning of some subject, knowledge is basic and simple relating to a smaller area so that it can be acquired without support in other fields. However from the view of philosophy, different things always have relations among them and in modern society the study has become more complex and specific as a result technology and knowledge in one domain cannot satisfy researchers' need. In this case, introducing outsiders' experience is crucial.

For instance, Mendal, as the father of genetics, discovered heredity secrets hiding in plants. He grew amount of peas and observed their seven characters which were chosen by him for decades. In fact, at the same time, many other researchers used other methods similar to his yet only Mendal summarized the rules because his using statistical principal in his work that he accumulated data and calculated the ratio of different characters. So it is in other fields like economy. John Nash who was rewarded by Noble Prize in economy for its magnificent theory in competition is a mathematician indeed. He built classical models about choice basing on Game Theory in math which is compatible in economical competition that the two sides should sacrifice one's benefit in order to get a maximization profit together.

In addition, different subjects influence each other and more cross-subjects appear in which all kinds of knowledge in these fields will be combined to solve a series of problems like systems biology which needs biology, physics, computers, statistic technology to analyze information about chemical actions in human body or mutation and find out some essential rules existing in life.

However, not all assimilations can bring advancement. DDT is a popular word not long ago due to the harm it has brought to environment. When DDT was invented by chemist Paul Muller, it was treated as an effective pesticide however several years after wide use the global ecological system is damaged seriously and now it has been forbidden to use. Yet circumstances like this one are very rare.

Generally speaking, the benefit of knowledge and experience brought by outsiders overweighs largely the danger it has. From plentiful facts in study, we see the communication can help researchers learn from others’ strong points to offset their weaknesses. Obviously the trend of combining various knowledge and experiences can not be prevented.

一开始觉得不是很难啊，结果写得很费劲
各位请拍！

xinxinwUID: 2144273

I agree with the view concerned in the issue that hardly any study can advance if it is isolated from other subjects. Although there are some theories这里的which是不能省略的 were built in their own domains and commonly the outsiders can make little negative effects, communications among different areas have become so prevalent that bringing other knowledge and experience is very necessary because of the development of technology and science.最后这里还是很别扭，这个because of 用的事不是有问题呢？不明白你要说什么


I concede there are some laws or theories which were summarizedv这个词用得不好 in one field. For example, Pythagorean Theorem in geometry was searched out in triangle only using calculations; Linnaeus, Swedish biologist, classified thousands of plants basing on the characteristics of leaves, flowers etc. The reason for this is when the study is at the beginning of some subject, knowledge is basic and simple relating to a smaller area so that it can be acquired without support in other fields. However from the view of philosophy, different things always have relations among them and in modern society the study has become more complex and specific as a result technology and knowledge in one domain cannot satisfy researchers' need. In this case, introducing outsiders' experience is crucial.一段话两个观点？

For instance, Mendal, as the father of genetics, discovered heredity secrets hiding in plants. He grew amount of peas and observed their seven characters which were chosen by him for decades. In fact, at the same time, many other researchers used other methods similar to his yet only Mendal summarized the rules because his using statistical principal in his work that he accumulated data and calculated the ratio of different characters. So it is in other fields like economy. John Nash who was rewarded by Noble Prize in economy for its magnificent theory in competition is a mathematician indeed. He built classical models about choice basing on Game Theory in math which is compatible in economical competition that the two sides should sacrifice one's benefit in order to get a maximization profit together.这两个例子完全可以用两句话说完，然后加评论。不知道你怎么看，我觉得还是有评论比较好

In addition, different subjects influence each other and more cross-subjects appear in which all kinds of knowledge in these fields will be combined to solve a series of problems like systems biology which needs biology, physics, computers, statistic technology to analyze information about chemical actions in human body or mutation and find out some essential rules existing in life.光有一个例子就显得太单薄了

However, not all assimilations can bring advancement. DDT is a popular word not long ago due to the harm it has brought to environment. When DDT was invented by chemist Paul Muller, it was treated as an effective pesticide however several years after wide use the global ecological system is damaged seriously and now it has been forbidden to use. Yet circumstances like this one are very rare.什么意思？

Generally speaking, the benefit of knowledge and experience brought by outsiders overweighs largely the danger it has. From plentiful facts in study, we see the communication can help researchers learn from others’ strong points to offset their weaknesses. Obviously the trend of combining various knowledge and experiences can not be prevented.

EmmanuelleUID: 2231740

谢谢楼上！:)
我自己也觉得这篇实在是说不过去。:(一开始的让步，就是说有些理论是局限在一个领域建立的不是重点，所以没有单独放一段。 我再把段落调整改改吧:L

[ 本帖最后由 Emmanuelle 于 2006-8-4 01:31 编辑 ]

EmmanuelleUID: 2231740

我把文章改了一下，不知道这样是不是好点儿
I agree with the view concerned in the issue that hardly any study can advance if it is isolated from other subjects. Although there are some theories which were built in their own domains and commonly the outsiders can make little negative effects, communications among different areas have become so prevalent that bringing other knowledge and experience is very necessary.

First, I concede there are some laws or theories which were built in one field. For example, Pythagorean Theorem in geometry was searched out in triangle only using calculations; Linnaeus, Swedish biologist, classified thousands of plants basing on the characteristics of leaves, flowers etc. The reason for this is when the study is at the beginning of some subject, knowledge is basic and simple relating to a smaller area so that it can be acquired without support in other fields.

However from the view of philosophy, different things always have relations among them and in modern society the study has become more complex and specific as a result technology and knowledge in one domain cannot satisfy researchers' need. In this case, introducing outsiders' experience is crucial. For instance, Mendal, as the father of genetics, discovered heredity secrets hiding in plants by growing amount of peas and observed seven characters for decades while at the same time many other researchers used similar methods yet only Mendal summarized the rules because he used statistical principal in his work to accumulate data and calculate the ratio of different characters. Chromosomes have thousands of genes in them and statistical principal is the correct method to such a large sample but not the simplex observation. So it is in other fields like economy. John Nash who was rewarded by Noble Prize in economy built classical models about choice basing on Game Theory in math which is compatible in economical competition that the two sides should sacrifice one's benefit in order to get a maximization profit together.

In addition, different subjects influence each other and more cross-subjects appear in which all kinds of knowledge in these fields will be combined to solve a series of problems. As we all know, not like physics or math the rules of the diverse and untraceable actions in organism are difficult to find as a consequence if people want to know the essential principals in order to develop more correct and advanced medicine treatment they need rely on measure using physical chemical knowledge, calculation in statistics and analysis by computers. Systems biology is such a newly-built subject which uses biology, physics, computers, statistic technology to analyze information about chemical actions in human body or mutation and find out some essential rules existing in life. These new cross-subjects combining the essence of each aspect have a contribution to human being which can not be replaced by any of the single subjects. （关于交叉学科，这个我了解的还多点:L其他的怕写错）

On the other hand, there is but a very small number of examples that show not all assimilations can bring advancement. DDT is a popular word not long ago due to the harm it has brought to environment. When DDT was invented by chemist Paul Muller, it was treated as an effective pesticide however several years after wide use the global ecological system is damaged seriously and now it has been forbidden to use. Though this kind of circumstances is infrequent, we should try to avoid them.

Generally speaking, the benefit of knowledge and experience brought by outsiders overweighs largely the danger it has. From plentiful facts in study, we see the communication can help researchers learn from others’ strong points to offset their weaknesses. Obviously the trend of combining various knowledge and experiences can not be prevented. Communications of knowledge and experience from outsiders should be encouraged and they will play a vital role in the future.

[ 本帖最后由 Emmanuelle 于 2006-8-4 01:31 编辑 ]