issue70 arg51[shining sep]第五次作业

xuxinyunUID: 2198143

两篇的连接～～

jinzhemingUID: 2224073

哇，看完文章以后，第一感觉很语言通俗易懂，论证比较丰富。
Sir Acton once said:” Absolute power leads to absolute corruption.”  It is true when leaders lose the fear of failure, it may lead to massive serious problems. So limiting the term of leadership is an effective way to prevent corruption and lack of initiatives. However, one thing should be paid attention, that is five-year is not only the standard, and liming the term of leadership should be treated case by case.
   
A new leader means new ideas. Most of time, new leadership may have more passion, more spirits. When a new leadership set, it will inject the field new life. It is quite necessary for government and politics to change leaders during stable time. When leaders have no fear of losing their power, they tend to abuse their power. For example, in ancient China, the empire would not lose their power until they were dead. What is more, after that, their son would be the empire. As a result, there always happened abusing power at that time. The empire decided everything all by himself and if anyone make him angry, the empire would punish him. However, when there came a new empire, he always made new decisions to strengthen his role. There is a Chinese saying that a new leader always will fire three times. That means in order to show their abilities or strengthen their rule, they will choose to do some revolution, which may give the society a new phenomenon.
请问你是用反面例子论述正面观点吗？ 我感觉这个例子three fires, revolution不是很能体现新领导人的好，这是我的看法，不一定正确
   However, in some fields, a new leader may be not an absolutely good choice, such as science and business.  In science area, what it needs is rich experience; calm minded and concentration. In some sense, the new one may be calm minded, but they may not be concentrated enough. The youth are always fidgety and lack of experience while the old one means more experience. It is possible that a new one in the science may have some new ideas, but he may be not a leader enough. In business, the most important is profit. In order to earn more profit, it may be not proper to change leader too quickly.  It is possible that one rule has not completely done yet; a new leader has another decision. Such a frequency is not stable enough for a company. 最好能举几个例子
In addition, different areas have different situations. Limiting the term of the leadership is sometimes necessary, but it may be not reasonable to say they must change leaders in five years. In some areas, stability is important and five years may be too short. What is more, to choose a new leader should be careful. We can not change a new leader who is not good enough just because we want to have a change in some years.
看上去有点像argument。
According to my analysis above, we can safely draw the conclusion that it is necessary to limit the term of the leadership in order to make the field keep creative and lively. As long as we make a specific standard, we will surely benefit from it.

也请看看我的文章，花了很长时间找例子，感觉文章例子详细，但不知道这样会不会有些偏。 我写issue速度特别慢，不知你是如何练的。
谢谢:)

jinzhemingUID: 2224073

我感觉我的例子内容多，但论述少，希望看过文章的请拍一下,谢谢
主要围绕政治：美国总统的交替 hoover--Franklin D. Roosevelt

Nowadays, leaders in any profession--business, politics, education, government play a critical role in enterprise development, social stability and prosperity, and high quality level of education. In my view, however, it is not necessarily the case that those in politics and government should step down after five years for the surest success by revitalization through new leadership.

The sharp contrast between the social and economic circumstances after the transition from the Hoover administration to the Roosevelt administration illustrates my first point of view that revitalization through new leadership is crucial and urgent for the social stability and prosperity. The U.S. economy appeared to be robust during the beginning of Hoover's presidency, but a rising stock market had been built on stock purchases financed by widespread borrowing. When the stock market finally crashed, individuals, banks, and other economic institutions were devastated. Hoover sought to inspire public confidence by meeting with business leaders and by proclaiming that the economic downturn would be brief. His prediction was wrong. The United States slid into the worst economic depression in its history. However, Hoover resisted massive federal intervention because he believed that the economy would correct itself. He did approve some federal public works projects that provided jobs, but he opposed federal aid to the unemployed. In his view private charity should help those who had fallen on hard times. Obviously, his second campaign for presidency attracted little enthusiasm. On the other hand, the Democratic Party nominee, Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt, mounted a vigorous campaign against Hoover's economic policies, calling for a "new deal" for U.S. citizens. Roosevelt promised to balance the budget, provide relief to the unemployed, help the farmer, and repeal Prohibition.

My second point of view is that, under some social and economic context, it is better for the leader to remain in power than to be revitalized or superseded by the new. Take Franklin D. Roosevelt for example. Although he won the election by his new proposals and policies as stated above, he indeed accomplished many things throughout his life. Being elected an amazing four times for President of the United States of America from 1933 to 1945 with a very large margin of victory each time. He helped the United States recover from the Great Depression and fight in World War II.  Had he stepped down after two terms, he would not have led Americans to victory in World War II, and a lengthy run which led to the passage of the 22nd Amendment restricting presidents to two terms not existed. On the other hand, if Wendell L. Willkie, president of the country's largest electric utility holding company and the Republic nominee for the 1940 presidential election, had won the election, it would have been unconstitutional for the federal government to enter the utility business, which, opposed to the New Deal, led to the monopoly and high electricity to the extreme poor Tennessee Valley. Thus, although the success of Roosevelt administration depends on strong leadership, the revitalization through new leadership to achieve the so-called surest success is biased and takes no account of the social and economic status quo.

In sum, leadership, new or established, has a great influence on the social stability and prosperity in terms of politics and government. I hold that the surest success is not just achieved by the revitalization through leadership, but more through contribution of these new or reigning leaders to the healthy development of society.

MagicGlaiveUID: 2112081

以后请发表的时候在贴子里直接也贴一份吧，这样交流起来方便点:)

51The following appeared in a medical newsletter.

"Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment."

提纲：
1．        作者的结论是：Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment." 他的论据有：一个假设，和一个study。
2．        假设本身有可能是错误的， 那么这个建立在错误假设上的study也可能是错误的
3．         就算假设是正确的，这个study也不一定是正确的。范围。样本有多少？而且两个医生，采用的方法可能不一样，很难保证  病人个体也有差异
4．        即使这个研究是有效的，也不能证实对所有的病人有用的
5．        总结。

字数：424  时间：30分之内    日期8-19
   Basing on a study of two groups of patients, which proving a hypothesis that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after sever muscle strain, the arguer make a conclusion that all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment. In order to support the conclusion, the arguer described the study and showed the result. However, this conclusion still suffered from several flaws so that it is not persuasive enough.
  
  To begin with, the hypothesis itself may be not correct--->be incorrect. The arguer just mentioned that the doctors had long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after sever strain instead of telling us the details such as who gave this hypothesis, why got the hypothesis and how achieved the hypothesis and so on. As a result, the study basing ---> based on it and proving it may be wrong eithereither？？. In another words, the premise of this argument may be not right.

  In addition, the study may be still not correct even if the hypothesis was reasonable. There is lack of much information about the study such as the sample of the study, the time of the study, the specific steps of the study这些都不是这个study最主要的漏洞，有点喧宾夺主了 so that the study is not persuasive. In this study, there are two groups of the patients and there were doctors attending this study. There is possibility that the two doctors used different methods. What is more, the patients who were studied may have different condition. It is probable that the patients in the first group were in better condition themselves, while the other group’s patients may be sicker. Consequently, we cannot exclude other factors influencing the results but not only the medicine.

   Finally, even though the study on the two groups of patients has no flaws, it does not mean that all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment. Different patients have different physical condition. Some may be suitable for antibiotics while some may suffer from it--->be allergic with it. There is strong evidence that not all patients can take antibiotics since their side efforts--->effects. Some nations even suggest patients do not take antibiotics too often. So the suggestion the arguer made may be not responsible.

  In sum, this argument is not persuasive because it cannot offer strong evidence but only depending on a doubtful study. To convince me, the arguer has to make a more specific and precise study and show more informative statistics.

MagicGlaiveUID: 2112081

70: In any profession-business, politics, education, government-those in power
should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise
is revitalization through new leadership.
在任何领域中--商业、政治、教育、政府--掌权者应该在五年后就让位。这是任何机
构获得成功的最好的方式：通过更新领导者而保持活力。
提纲:
1.观点当对权利失去恐惧时候，就会滥用Limiting the term of leadership is an effective way to prevent corruption and lack of initiatives.这个观点好！
2. 新的领导可以带来新的思想，更好的管理理念，给企业注入新的活力。
3. 在government, politics领域最好是要定期更新领导者， 因为when leaders have no fear of losing their power, they tend to abuse their power.
4. 当然在一些领域尤其是business领域，更新领导者未必是获得成功的最好方式
以上值得怀疑，是否太绝对了？

可用名言：Absolute power leads to absolute corruption. ------Sir. Acton好！

字数：504 时间：45分钟之内:)   8-19

这个开头好！
  Sir Acton once said:” Absolute power leads to absolute corruption.”  It is true when leaders lose the fear of failure, it may lead to massive serious problems. So limiting the term of leadership is an effective way to prevent corruption and lack of initiatives. However, one thing should be paid attention, that is five-year is not only the standard, and liming the term of leadership should be treated case by case.
   
A new leader means new ideas. Most of time, new leadership may have more passion, more spirits. When a new leadership set, it will inject the field new life. It is quite necessary for government and politics to change leaders during stable time. When leaders have no fear of losing their power, they tend to abuse their power. For example, in ancient China, the empire would not lose their power until they were dead. What is more, after that, their son would be the empire. As a result, there always happened abusing power at that time. The empire decided everything all by himself and if anyone makes him angry, the empire would punish him. However, when there came a new empire, he always made new decisions to strengthen his role. There is a Chinese saying that a new leader always will fire three times老美不懂这个的-_________-b. That means in order to show their abilities or strengthen their rule, they will choose to do some revolution, which may give the society a new phenomenon.

   However, in some fields, a new leader may be not an absolutely good choice, such as science and business.  In science area, what it needs is rich experience; calm minded and concentration. In some sense, the new one may be calm minded, but they may not be concentrated enough. The youth are always fidgety and lack of experience while the old one means more experience. It is possible that a new one in the science may have some new ideas, but he may be not a leader enough. In business, the most important thing is profit. In order to earn more profit, it may be not proper to change leader too quickly.  It is possible that one rule has not completely done yet; a new leader has another decision. Such a frequency is not stable enough for a company. 这个角度好

In addition, different areas have different situations. Limiting the term of the leadership is sometimes necessary, but it may be not reasonable to say they must change leaders in five years. In some areas, stability is important and five years may be too short. What is more, to choose a new leader should be careful. We can not change a new leader who is not good enough just because we want to have a change in some years. Very Good！

According to my analysis above, we can safely draw the conclusion that it is necessary to limit the term of the leadership in order to make the field keep creative and lively. As long as we make a specific standard, we will surely benefit from it. 这个总结似乎不够全面...

写的通俗易懂，角度很好，例子不很生涩！好文！

flycc28UID: 2164453

seat...
我们写的差不多 呵呵 角度 例子都一样...  
马上修改~

flycc28UID: 2164453

Sir Acton once said:” Absolute power leads to absolute corruption.”  It is true when leaders lose the fear of failure, it may lead to massive serious problems. So limiting the term of leadership is an effective way to prevent corruption and lack of initiatives. However, one thing should be paid attention, that is five-year is not only the standard, and liming the term of leadership should be treated case by case.
   
A new leader means new ideas. Most of time, new leadership may have more passion, more spirits. When a new leadership set, it will inject 用instil吧the field new life. It is quite necessary for government and politics to change leaders during stable time. When leaders have no fear of losing their power, they tend to abuse their power. For example, in ancient China, the empire would not lose their power until they were dead. What is more, after that, their son would be the empire. As a result, there always happened abusing power at that time. The empire decided everything all by himself and if anyone make him angry, the empire would punish him. However, when there came a new empire, he always made new decisions to strengthen his role. There is a Chinese saying that a new leader always will fire three times. That means in order to show their abilities or strengthen their rule, they will choose to do some revolution, which may give the society a new phenomenon.

   However, in some fields, a new leader may be not an absolutely good choice, such as science and business.  In science area, what it needs is rich experience; calm minded and concentration. In some sense, the new one may be calm mindedmind, but they may not be concentrated enough. The youth are always fidgety and lack of experience while the old one means more experience. It is possible that a new one in the science may have some new ideas, but he may be not a leader enough. In business, the most important is profit. In order to earn more profit, it may be not proper to change leader too quickly.  It is possible that one rule has not completely done yet; a new leader has another decision. Such a frequency is not stable enough for a company.
In addition, different areas have different situations. Limiting the term of the leadership is sometimes necessary, but it may be not reasonable to say they must change leaders in five years. In some areas, stability is important and five years may be too short. What is more, to choose a new leader should be careful. We can not change a new leader who is not good enough just because we want to have a change in some years.

  According to my analysis above, we can safely draw the conclusion that it is necessary to limit the term of the leadership in order to make the field keep creative and lively. As long as we make a specific standard, we will surely benefit from it.

跟我写的切入点基本一样--参考了孙远的提纲.
但是我昨天写的将近三个小时,苦于没例子.你的政治例子个人不推荐.但是政治和经济Leader的tenure问题又找不到例子...大家奉献点吧~

flycc28UID: 2164453

原帖由 jinzheming 于 2006-8-19 22:39 发表
我感觉我的例子内容多，但论述少，希望看过文章的请拍一下,谢谢
主要围绕政治：美国总统的交替 hoover--Franklin D. Roosevelt

Nowadays, leaders in any profession--business, politics, education, govern ...

new deal的例子不错~~~

文章body部分没什么论述.

注意开头一定要把TS写出来~

然后 以后用的例子 最好能发出处贴出来share^_^

fingerliUID: 2130195

51The following appeared in a medical newsletter.

"Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment."

提纲：
1．        作者的结论是：Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment." 他的论据有：一个假设，和一个study。这个有问题，题目中study是假设的原因，应是study是用来证明假设，而假设又是为结论服务的，当然你思路和那个“arg就改这样写”一样，但关系好像不太对
2．        假设本身有可能是错误的， 那么这个建立在错误假设上的study也可能是错误的
3．         就算假设是正确的，这个study也不一定是正确的。范围。样本有多少？而且两个医生，采用的方法可能不一样，很难保证  病人个体也有差异
4．        即使这个研究是有效的，也不能证实对所有的病人有用的
5．        总结。

字数：424  时间：30分之内    日期8-19
   Basing on a study of two groups of patients, which proving a hypothesis that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after sever muscle strain, the arguer make a conclusion that all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment. In order to support the conclusion, the arguer described the study and showed the result. However, this conclusion still suffered from several flaws so that it is not persuasive enough.
  
  To begin with, the hypothesis itself may be not correct. The arguer just mentioned that the doctors had long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after sever strain instead of telling us the details such as who gave this hypothesis, why got the hypothesis and how achieved the hypothesis and so on. As a result, the study basing on it and proving it may be wrong either. In another words, the premise of this argument may be not right.
感觉这段驳斥思路有问题，题目下面不是在证明这个假设成立吗？开始他并未承认假设一定成立，是需要证明的，应该这样说：即使假设成立，结论也不成立，个人看法
In addition, the study may be still not correct even if the hypothesis was reasonable. 这个我个人觉得有问题There is lack of much information about the study such as the sample of the study, the time of the study, the specific steps of the study so that the study is not persuasive. In this study, there are two groups of the patients and there were doctors attending this study. There is possibility that the two doctors used different methods. What is more, the patients who were studied may have different condition. It is probable that the patients in the first group were in better condition themselves, while the other group’s patients may be sicker. Consequently, we cannot exclude other factors influencing the results but not only the medicine.
   Finally, even though the study on the two groups of patients has no flaws, it does not mean that all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment. Different patients have different physical condition. Some may be suitable for antibiotics while some may suffer from it. There is strong evidence that not all patients can take antibiotics since their side efforts. Some nations even suggest patients do not take antibiotics too often. So the suggestion the arguer made may be not responsible.

  In sum, this argument is not persuasive because it cannot offer strong evidence but only depending on a doubtful study. To convince me, the arguer has to make a more specific and precise study and show more informative statistics.
  
语言真的不错，感觉没用模板，至少不着痕迹，开头结尾模板当然用了，但对题目的理解上我和你有大的分歧
Ps:我刚刚非正式加入进来，8.30，哈尔滨

fingerliUID: 2130195

70: In any profession-business, politics, education, government-those in power
should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise
is revitalization through new leadership.
在任何领域中--商业、政治、教育、政府--掌权者应该在五年后就让位。这是任何机
构获得成功的最好的方式：通过更新领导者而保持活力。
提纲:
1.观点当对权利失去恐惧时候，就会滥用Limiting the term of leadership is an effective way to prevent corruption and lack of initiatives.
2. 新的领导可以带来新的思想，更好的管理理念，给企业注入新的活力。
3. 在government, politics领域最好是要定期更新领导者， 因为when leaders have no fear of losing their power, they tend to abuse their power.
4. 当然在一些领域尤其是business领域，更新领导者未必是获得成功的最好方式

可用名言：Absolute power leads to absolute corruption. ------Sir. Acton

字数：504 时间：45分钟之内   8-19
  Sir Acton once said:” Absolute power leads to absolute corruption.”  It is true when leaders lose the fear of failure, it may lead to massive serious problems. So limiting the term of leadership is an effective way to prevent corruption and lack of initiatives. However, one thing should be paid attention, that is five-year is not only the standard, and liming the term of leadership should be treated case by case.感觉这句没很好总结全文，不知有此必要没有，个人看法，忍不住还要说一句，语言太好了，而我自己这块都没怎么搞的
   
A new leader means new ideas. Most of time, new leadership may have more passion, more spirits. When a new leadership set, it will inject the field new life. It is quite necessary for government and politics to change leaders during stable time. When leaders have no fear of losing their power, they tend to abuse their power. 太突然，逻辑上让人感觉，至少多引申下，紧扣论点For example, in ancient China, the empireemperor would not lose their power until they were dead. What is more, after that, their son would be the empire. As a result, there always happened abusing power at that time. The empire decided everything all by himself and if anyone make him angry, the empire would punish him. However, when there came a new empire, he always made new decisions to strengthen his role. 这点感觉也要多说下，other factorsThere is a Chinese saying that a new leader always will fire three times.呵呵，感觉好好玩 That means in order to show their abilities or strengthen their rule, they will choose to do some revolution, which may give the society a new phenomenon.

   However, in some fields, a new leader may be not an absolutely good choice, such as science and business.  In science area, what it needs is rich experience; calm minded and concentration. In some sense, the new one may be calm minded, but they may not be concentrated enough. The youth 为啥new就youthare always fidgety and lack of experience while the old one means more experience.说服力感觉不强 It is possible that a new one in the science may have some new ideas, but he may be not a leader enough. In business, the most important is profit.一个issue题目，但感觉不严密，如果非这样说的话可以换一个名人，呵呵 In order to earn more profit, it may be not proper to change leader too quickly. 现在的ceo换的是那个啥 It is possible that one rule has not completely done yet; a new leader has another decision. Such a frequency is not stable enough for a company.
In addition, different areas have different situations. Limiting the term of the leadership is sometimes necessary, but it may be not reasonable to say they must change leaders in five years. In some areas, stability is important and five years may be too short. What is more, to choose a new leader should be careful. We can not change a new leader who is not good enough just because we want to have a change in some years.

  According to my analysis above, we can safely draw the conclusion that it is necessary to limit the term of the leadership in order to make the field keep creative and lively. As long as we make a specific standard, we will surely benefit from it.
   

感觉还有一个格式问题，开头好像不需要空格把，空格应该也没问题把
我把你的issue当srg题目读了，不过你能在45分钟里写这么好，那是相当有实力的

SupermannUID: 175749

一个问题。是LORD ACTON，不是SIR ACTON。然后他原文是” "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely."既然你改过了，应该用(and I paraphrase)