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AWA diary.6: 与众不同的argument50
50. As Earth was being formed out of the collision of space rocks, (the heat from those collisions and from the increasing gravitational energy of the planet made the entire planet molten, even the surface). Any water present would have evaporated and gone off into space. As the planet approached its current size, however, its gravitation became strong enough to hold gases and water vapor around it as an atmosphere. Because comets are largely ice made up of frozen water and gases, a comet striking Earth then would have vaporized. The resulting water vapor would have been retained in the atmosphere, eventually falling as rain on the cooled and solidified surface of Earth. Therefore, the water in Earth’s oceans must have originated from comets.
解析:
HYPOTHESES/FACTS: As Earth was being formed out of the collision of space rocks, (the heat from those collisions and from the increasing gravitational energy of the planet made the entire planet molten, even the surface). Any water present would have evaporated and gone off into space. As the planet approached its current size, however, its gravitation became strong enough to hold gases and water vapor around it as an atmosphere.
START/DEDUCTION: (1)Because comets are largely ice made up of frozen water and gases, a comet striking Earth then would have vaporized. (2)The resulting water vapor would have been retained in the atmosphere, eventually falling as rain on the cooled and solidified surface of Earth. (3)Therefore, the water in Earth’s oceans must have originated from comets.
在分析你的文章前,有一件事情要讲一下,以前没讲是我疏忽了,即:在阅读题设是要分清事实部分和推理部分,注意,事实部分通常是不能攻击的.比如这样一句话:因为地球是世界的中心和唯一,人是地球上的主宰,所以人是世界的主宰.对这样一个命题,我们只能攻击说,即使目光短浅地说人是地球的主宰,也许还有上帝是世界的主宰呢,推理证据不足…但是我们不能搬出日心说来攻击”地球是世界的中心.”.我的意思是:我们不能利用背景知识攻击事实,而只能用逻辑攻击推理.但是背景知识可以用来举反例.
在上面的段落中,我认为前面一部分 HYPOTHESES/FACTS是属于不可攻击的部分,尤其是有颜色的部分(没有颜色的待议,但我不推荐).而在第二部分START/DEDUCTION中,有有三处推理(与事实区别,我标出了三个词would, would, must),这才是攻击的要点.
~第一辑完~复制上来颜色和标记都掉了,呵呵
[ 本帖最后由 goasuplease 于 2006-1-22 13:43 编辑 ] |
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