issue48我的Issue48 改了又改由480到600了，欢迎拍砖

rwbosscat95UID: 186217

提纲：
1.历史人物的作用：洞察力，对人的激励
2.现实的历史研究过于重视个人的原因：对历史人物的崇拜，探求历史事件的因果关系
3.人民的作用：推动力，参与者

48"The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."

As the speaker indicates, historians pay much attention to individuals in the process of the studying history and it is people, rather than the famous few, who made it possible the most important events and trends in history. Although I agree with the speaker on the methodological limitation of the studying history, the speaker overstates the function of people and overlooks the role of the famous few.

The famous few, who are elites arising from people, have played an important role in the river of historical development. What make them the famous few in history are their characteristics. To begin with, they have the ability to predict the development of the events and trends. Due to their unique quality of clairvoyance, they are the instigators of the revolutions, the promoters of the reforms, and the leaders of the campaigns. In addition, the famous individuals in history have the quality of persistence and endurance that enable them to inspire people to pursue the goals till they achieve success. For example, Winston Churchill, the premier of the Britain in World War II, believing that Britain would win the War to Nazi, called for the whole British to follow him to resist Nazi, no matter how difficult it is. Without his irreplaceable function in World War II, the whole history of humans would be changed radically.

While the famous few play an irreplaceable role in the historic events and trends, the study of history today emphasizes too much on individuals. For that matter, it is ridiculous that some people even think that it was Watt who had created the Industrial Revolution. There are several reasons why people place too much attention to the famous fewer. Naturally, human tend to admire and respect the greatness of individuals. At the bottom of their hearts, the great men are models to emulate. In addition, people study history based on the famous few for the purpose of learning the relation of cause and effect. Finally, due to the limitation of the records, which paid more attention to these great men, today’s historians have to study the history based on the merits of these famous few.

It is undeniable that people, even though their merits being ignored and forgotten by historian, have played a significant role in history. On the hand, people are the driven force of the development of history. Without the workers who perform the thousands jobs, the scientists would not make new discoveries and innovations to advance the development of the society, let alone the Industrial Revolution. Without the researchers who innovate the computer as well as telecommunication and programmers who design much useful software, the Information Ages is a long way for us to wait for. On the other hand, people are the participants of the historic events and trends. If the British people had not been brilliant and persistent, even if under wiser leadership of Winston Churchill, the Nazi troops would evade into the Britain. Thus, when historians pay their due attention to the famous few in the process of studying history, they should also realize the function of people in the development of history.

In sum, although placing too much emphasis on individuals is not correct for pursuing the relationship of cause and effect in historic events, the speaker overlooks the function of the famous few. In final analysis, under the support of people, the great men, the elites in people, promote the advance of the history, and in the process of studying history historians should consider functions of both the famous few and people who are not only the actors and actress in the “play” but also the authors of it.

[ Last edited by staralways on 2005-7-20 at 00:34 ]

[ 本帖最后由 yogurt4 于 2006-2-4 01:57 编辑 ]