issue157 客观观察，考前最后一篇

G10T5UID: 2101393

Issue157  第1篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！

一紧张起来，什么废话都往上堆，竟然写了700多字，:L

------摘要------
作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：44分47秒     728 words
从2005年7月11日13时14分到2005年7月11日13时44分
------题目------
There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires.
------正文------
The speaker claims that purely objective observation does not exist, because it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires. But, in my view, the notion about observation is so vague that different perspective would lead to different conclusion. I prefer to divide the process of observation into two separate stages. The First one is receiving physical information from outsider world, and the second stage is forming our results from that information. I concede that the first one is a purely objective process. But, at the same time, in my eyes, the second stage seems to be a sheer subjective one.

First of all, to begin a observation, we should select observational objects and then receive some information from the given objects. In the realm of economic, economists selects a group of observational samples, such as customers, markets and producers, and investigates their behaviors and corresponding consequences. In this process, the information gained by researchers include the average money spent by a customer, products' price in the markets, and how many products a factory provided. All this information are objective, because economists just collect figures and do some simple statistics. In the realm of art, although most people consider reading is a subjective behavior, the process of reading itself is a objective observation. In this process, a reader just see some words through his or her eyes which is objective. Similarly, in an experiment, if scientists just write down some experimental results, this observation is also sheer objective. All examples mentioned above aptly illustrate that if we merely consider the observation as a process of collect information from the outsider world, any observation is objective.

But, when it comes to the second stage, drawing some results or perspectives from observation, the case becomes totally different. Although the process of collecting materials is essential for observation, we should also be aware that the original goal of observation is not to collect information but apply this information to solve some problems. When the economists observation the behaviors of customers, markets and producers, they are willing to reveal some rules underlying the surface performances; when readers are appreciating a book, they want to find funny or have a comfortable spiritual experience; and when scientists are designing and observing a experiment, their' ultimate goal is to confirm their thoughts or refute others' theory. So any observation always include two stages, one for collecting information and another for explaining information. While the former is objective, the latter is subjective. All observation mentioned above inevitably involves the observers' expectation, desires, background knowledge and thinking habits. Even from the same observational objectives, different observers could have different results. Take, for instance, the exploration about the inherent nature of light. Although Maxwell and Einstein both observe the light beam, Maxwell, as a founder of electric wave theory, claimed that light is just a form of wave similar as the wave of water. But, on the other hand, Einstein, as a founder of quantum theory, declared that a light beam consists of a series of tiny particles. But, subsequent research found that both perspectives are wrong. In fact, light has a character of wave-particle duality. From this example, we are informed that different observers would consciously or unconsciously seek out the facts that supports their thoughts or theories, but overlook others that refute their thoughts or theories. Moreover, some notions involved in the observation also render it subjective. For example, some opponents may argue that we all know the sum rises from the east and falls to the west, and the Earth is moving around the Sun. Are these common sense also involved the observer's subject factors? Yes. What is the meaning about the east and the west? We can also exchange their definitions. Then we will say that everyday the Sun rises from the west and fall down to the east. And our conclusion that the Earth is moving around the Sun is completely based on the comparing system. If we wish to break this fact, what we should do is just to define that the Earth is stable and the Sun is moving.

In sum, it is the vague definition about observation that makes some people support the speaker's assertion and other people doubt. If we make the definition clearer, just as dividing it into two discrete stages, this confusion could be eliminated.

[ Last edited by staralways on 2005-8-11 at 14:34 ]

fengling9796UID: 2120487

我也是明天，鼎均
对了，你是几点的？
我原来是11：00，被通知由于系统原因调到13：30