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题目
Argument131 The following appeared in an environmental newsletter published in Tria Island.
"The marine sanctuary on Tria Island was established to protect certain marine mammals. Its regulations ban dumping and offshore oil drilling within 20 miles of Tria, but fishing is not banned. Currently many fish populations in Tria's waters are declining, a situation blamed on pollution. In contrast, the marine sanctuary on Omni Island has regulations that ban dumping, offshore oil drilling, and fishing within 10 miles of Omni and Omni reports no significant decline in its fish populations. Clearly, the decline in fish populations in Tria's waters is the result of overfishing, not pollution. Therefore, the best way to restore Tria's fish populations and to protect all of Tria's marine wildlife is to abandon our regulations and adopt those of Omni."
翻译:Tria岛的海洋生物禁猎区是用来保护某些海洋哺乳动物的。它禁止在Tria20英里以内倾倒废物和近海采油,但捕鱼并不禁止。当前Tria水域的很多种鱼类数量都在下降,这种现象被认为是污染造成的。相比之下,Omni岛的海洋生物禁猎区禁止倾倒废物、近海采油和在Omni10英里以内捕鱼,Omni没有上报任何鱼类数量的显著下降。显然,Tria水域鱼类数量的下降是过度捕鱼而不是污染造成的。因此,回复Tria鱼类数量和保护Tria所有海洋野生动物的最好办法就是废止我们的规定而采用Omni的规定。
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提纲
(1)没有说明鱼类数量下降持续多长时间了,是真的鱼类大量死亡或者被捕捞了,还是在这段时间鱼类自然迁徙到别的地方了。也有可能最近发生了自然灾害,导致了水质污染。
(2)如果鱼类数量真的下降了,没有证据说明不是污染造成的,虽然规定了20英里内不能倾倒废物和采油,可规定真的被严格遵守了吗?而且也有可能在20英里外采油,污染物漂了进来。
(3)虽然Omni没有上报,可并不一定它们就没有同样的情况。Tria和Omni的情况不一定一样,所以不能完全照搬。
(4)Tria原来的规定是为了保护哺乳动物的,如果用了Omni的规定,那么在10海里和20海里之间的哺乳动物就不能被保护了。
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字数:412 words 今天晚上公司聚餐,字数写得少了点:lol
时间:提纲(10分钟)+正文(40分钟)= 50分钟
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正文
In this argument, the arguer suggests Tria Island to abandon their current regulations and adopt those of Omni in order to protect all of Tria's marine wildlife and stop the decreasing trend of Tria's fish populations. He supports his suggestion by the fact that currently Tria's fish population is declining with the current regulations, while Omni does not report significant decline in its fish populations. His suggestion seems reasonable, but after careful examination, we can find out several flaws as following.
Firstly, the arguer does show how long the decreasing trend has last and whether the fishes are really killed or fished by people. It is possible that fishes migrate to other water area to lay eggs or find foods during this season according to the order of nature, then the trend need not to be worried about and the fishes will back later. It is also possible that there was nature disaster occurred that polluted the water of Tria Island. Under this circumstance, to adopt Omni's regulations also will not work.
Secondly, granted that the fish populations are truly declining, there is no evidence to prove that the phenomenon is not caused by pollution. Although Tria ban dumping and offshore oil drilling, are the regulations abided strictly? The answer is not certain. Moreover, it is likely that people drill oil besides 20 miles, but the leaked oil floats into the offshore area and kills the fishes. Consequently, whether the situation can blame on pollution need to be considered again.
Thirdly, although Omni does not report decline in its fish populations, is it the true situation? Maybe the government of Omni disguises the fact purposely. What is more, the marine environment of Tria and Omni maybe not the same, so just to imitate the Omni's behavior is not a wise decision?
Last but not the least, the current regulations of Tria is used to protect marine mammals. If adopting Omni's regulations, the range of area protected will be small, and then the marine mammals between 10 miles and 20 miles will loss protection. So the regulations should accord with the actual situation of Tria.
To sum up, the arguer is too cursory to make the suggestion because he only depends on the external and partial situations. To make his suggestion more convincing, he has to take the facets discussed above into account, that is, to study the genuine situation about fish populations and consider the difference between environment of Tria and Omni. |
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