Issue48 请狠批，谢谢~~

@amy@UID: 209096

题目
Issue48 "The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."

翻译：历史研究过于关注个人。历史上最有意义的事件和潮流能够成为可能不是因为几个少数的名人而是一些身份早就被淡忘的人群。  

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类别：历史类（总频率50）
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提纲
（1）同意观点。
（2）历史研究确实过于关注个人，翻开历史书籍，会看到很多的关于名人的传记，人们也常常将一项成功归功于少数名人。这样有一定好处：给人们树立榜样，鼓舞人心。但是也有很多坏处，尤其是在现在社会，因为过分关注个人，容易给人们灌输个人英雄主义的意识，但在现代的强调合作的社会，英雄主义已经不能适用。
（3）历史上最有意义的事件和潮流绝大部分是因为一些普通的人，而那些少数的名人只是代表。从学术方面来看，没有哪个科学家可以凭空创造出一项发明而不依靠前人的基础。从历史上的革命运动来看，如果没有广泛的群众基础，是不可能有革命的成功的。从现代的改革来看， 虽然发起人是少数的名人，但是一定是改革被广大人民接受，才能使改革进行下去。

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字数：464 words
时间：1小时
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正文
I totally agree with the speaker's opinion that individuals have been placed too much emphasis during the study of history and it is the groups of common people rather than the few famous persons who made the most significant events.

On the one hand, our society does overemphasize the effect of individuals. When looking through historical books, we can find lots of introductions or biographies of famous persons. And people often contribute a success to few famous persons. This kind of trend has some advantages. For example, it can inspire people and give people, especially children, some models to simulate. A few months ago, the exciting news that China successfully had launched an aircraft greatly inspired lots of Chinese, and many children thought the two astronauts as heroes and made up their mind to become a astronaut when they grow up. This was the great influence of famous persons. However, we have to admit that overemphasis on individuals also has many disadvantages, especially in modern society, because it can aggravate the consciousness of individualistic heroism. As a famous sociologist said and I paraphrase:" The era of individualistic heroism has passed." In the current complicated society, cooperation is much more important that individuals' hard work. For instance, many years ago, a software expert can program a excellent software only by himself, but now it is impossible because currently the software is become more and more complex. For another example, several years ago, scientist can make inventions only depending on his own effort, but now they have to build up labs and combine many people's ability and wisdom to get improvements. Consequently, society should not place too much emphasis on individuals any more.

On the other hand, the most significant events and trends in history actually were made by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten. In the past study of history, people mainly owed fatal events to few persons, such as Newton's universal gravitation theory, Chairman Mao's new China and the etc. But can Newton get the great theory without the knowledge of mathematic or other subjects what were accumulated by former people? Can Chinaman Mao build the new China not depending on the supports of the mass? The answers are certainly not. From science aspect, no scientist can create an invention without foundation, except paralogism. From revolutions in history, no revolution can succeed if it was not supported by the mass. As for modern reform, although it is mainly originated by few people, only when it can benefit the mass and be accepted by them, it can execute.

To sum up, but for the numerous and nameless people, there will be no significant events and trends, so society and the historical study should pay much attention to the effects of those people.

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参考资料
https://bbs.gter.net/forum.php?mo ... p;highlight=issue48

[ 本帖最后由 @amy@ 于 2006-1-16 15:35 编辑 ]

智恩UID: 2160717

晚点来改，请先不要着急！

bunnymz2005UID: 2146758

I totally agree with the speaker's opinion that individuals have been placed too much emphasis during the study of history and it is the groups of common people rather than the few famous persons who made the most significant events.（开头干脆利落，摆明观点）
On the one hand, our society does overemphasize the effect of individuals. When looking through historical books, we can find lots of introductions or biographies of famous persons. And people often contribute a success to few famous persons. This kind of trend has some advantages. For example, it can inspire people and give people, especially children, some models to simulate. A few months ago, the exciting news that China successfully had launched an aircraft greatly inspired lots of Chinese, and many children thought the two astronauts as heroes and made up their mind to become a astronaut when they grow up. This was the great influence of famous persons. However, we have to admit that overemphasis on individuals also has many disadvantages, especially in modern society, because it can aggravate the consciousness of individualistic heroism. As a famous sociologist said and I paraphrase:" The era of individualistic heroism has passed." In the current complicated society, cooperation is much more important that individuals' hard work. For instance, many years ago, a software expert can program a excellent software only by himself, but now it is impossible because currently the software is become more and more complex. For another example, several years ago, scientist can make inventions only depending on his own effort, but now they have to build up labs and combine many people's ability and wisdom to get improvements. Consequently, society should not place too much emphasis on individuals any more.（这段我觉得拆成两段是不是更好一些，一段写个人的好处，接下来一个转折指出并不能因为这样就专注于个人，这样也是有危害的。这样看着这段很冗长，而且我觉得其中的例子有些过多了，其实一个就够了，分析透才好，而且在列举了例子之后要有分析或总结。）
On the other hand, the most significant events and trends in history actually were made by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten. In the past study of history, people mainly owed fatal events to few persons, such as Newton's universal gravitation theory, Chairman Mao's new China and the etc. But can Newton get the great theory without the knowledge of mathematic or other subjects what were accumulated by former people? Can Chinaman Mao build the new China not depending on the supports of the mass? The answers are certainly not. From science aspect, no scientist can create an invention without foundation, except paralogism （这个词我查了一下 意思是mistakenly invalid argument 请教放在这句话中是什么意思？）. From revolutions in history, no revolution can succeed if it was not supported by the mass. As for modern reform, although it is mainly originated by few people, only when it can benefit the mass and be accepted by them, it can execute.（这段我有个问题，那个科学领域的例子好像不太贴切，科学家的确是依靠前人，但这个前人也是科学家啊，跟人民大众没关系吧。所以我觉得这个例子只适合证明科学家光靠自己是不行的，必须借鉴前人的研究发现。）
To sum up, but for the numerous and nameless people, there will be no significant events and trends, so society and the historical study should pay much attention to the effects of those people.

Amy的文章真的好整齐，看着很舒服的那种，要好好向你学习^-^

智恩UID: 2160717

提纲
（1）同意观点。
（2）历史研究确实过于关注个人，翻开历史书籍，会看到很多的关于名人的传记，人们也常常将一项成功归功于少数名人。这样有一定好处：给人们树立榜样，鼓舞人心。但是也有很多坏处，尤其是在现在社会，因为过分关注个人，容易给人们灌输个人英雄主义的意识，但在现代的强调合作的社会，英雄主义已经不能适用。【这点想得好好哦！思路很宽，赞！】
（3）历史上最有意义的事件和潮流绝大部分是因为一些普通的人，而那些少数的名人只是代表。从学术方面来看，没有哪个科学家可以凭空创造出一项发明而不依靠前人的基础。【但是不一定前人就都是默默无文不被人知道啊】从历史上的革命运动来看，如果没有广泛的群众基础，是不可能有革命的成功的。从现代的改革来看， 虽然发起人是少数的名人，但是一定是改革被广大人民接受，才能使改革进行下去。

**********************************************************
字数：464 words
时间：1小时
**********************************************************
正文
I totally agree with the speaker's opinion that individuals have been placed too much emphasis during the study of history and it is the groups of common people rather than the few famous persons who made the most significant events.

On the one hand, our society does overemphasize the effect of individuals. When looking through historical books, we can find lots of introductions or biographies of famous persons. And people often contribute a success to few famous persons.【Admittedly，加个让步词】 This kind of trend has some advantages. For example, it can inspire people and give people, especially children, some models to simulate. A few months ago, the exciting news that China successfully had launched an aircraft greatly inspired lots of Chinese, and many children thought the two astronauts as heroes and made up their mind to become a astronaut when they grow up【会不会立志当宇航员好像不一定，但是要这么说也行，只是说服力不够强，你斟酌，想不出其他的还是可以用，我找这个毛病都有电鸡蛋里挑骨头，:lol】. This was the great influence of famous persons. However, we have to admit that overemphasis on individuals also has many disadvantages, especially in modern society, because it can aggravate the consciousness of individualistic heroism. As a famous sociologist said and I paraphrase:" The era of individualistic heroism has passed." In the current complicated society, cooperation is much more important that individuals' hard work. For instance, many years ago, a software expert can program a【an】 excellent software only by himself, but now it is impossible because currently the software is become more and more complex. For another example, several years ago, scientist can make inventions only depending on his own effort, but now they have to build up labs and combine many people's ability and wisdom to get improvements. Consequently, society should not place too much emphasis on individuals any more.

On the other hand, the most significant events and trends in history actually were made by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten. In the past study of history, people mainly owed fatal events to few persons, such as Newton's universal gravitation theory, Chairman Mao's new China and the etc. But can Newton get the great theory without the knowledge of mathematic or other subjects what were accumulated by former people? Can Chinaman【chairman】 Mao build the new China not depending on the supports of the mass【masses】? The answers are certainly not. From science aspect, no scientist can create an invention without foundation, except paralogism. From revolutions in history, no revolution can succeed if it was not supported by the mass【masses】. As for modern reform, although it is mainly originated by few people, only when it can benefit the mass【masses】 and be accepted by them, it can execute.

To sum up, but for the numerous and nameless people, there will be no significant events and trends, so society and the historical study should pay much attention to the effects of those people.
句子还是比一前好了，就是那个例子要想一下，或者你举一个清楚的实在的例子来说明也可以
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[ 本帖最后由 智恩 于 2006-1-17 19:36 编辑 ]