issue99+argument34+99提纲 FLY AW小组

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99. "In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."

Pragmatic behavior mostly leads to success in many realms, but in some cases we still need an idealistic point of view.

In many realms, such as business and political, being practical to bad situation is essential for survival.

However, ideals give us hope and enthusiasms, helping us evaluate and overcome limitations.

Besides that, it is not a dilemma of choosing pragmatism or idealism.

In summary, we can not escape facts and reality faced to us, or we are destined to failure. Nevertheless, ideals are also indispensable to us, without which life will be less interesting and we may not see longer.

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34.Milk and dairy products are rich in vitamin D and calcium, substances essential for building and maintaining bones. Many people therefore believe that a diet rich in dairy products can help prevent osteoporosis, a disease in which the bones weaken significantly with age and that is linked to both environmental and genetic factors. But a long-term study of a large number of people has found that those who have consistently consumed dairy products throughout the years of the study have a higher rate of bone fractures than any other participants in the study. Since bone fractures are a symptom of osteoporosis, this study result shows that a diet rich in dairy products may actually increase, rather than decrease, the risk of osteoporosis。

The arguer fails to rule out the possibility that factors other than osteoporosis might have resulted in the high rate.

There are still many other factors could lead to osteoporosis.

The survey may only study people in one city or several, while in world wide, maybe more people get help.

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99.The following appeared in a memo from the economic minister of the small country Paucia.
"Using a newly developed variety of seed, farmers in our neighboring country Abundia produced 80 percent more rice last year than in any previous year. To increase the income of farmers in our own country, we should encourage them to cultivate this new variety of rice rather than some of their traditional crops. Such high yields of rice will also improve our country's balance of trade by enabling us to begin exporting it."

The arguer fails to rule out other factors that might result in more rice last year.

The arguer fails to point out that the incomes of farmers are directly determined by increased rice.

There are many other crops that could help increase sales more than the new rice.

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时间比较紧，写得简单了一些，望见谅。