|
221."The chief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history." ——————————————— 命题:研究历史的主要好处是打破假象XXX 我的态度:有保留的赞成 在整个人类的高度上,研究历史的主要任务是总结社会及其发展规律,所谓规律,自然包括不同时代社会一些特征的重复性,所谓发展就包括了不同时代社会的不同,社会成员之间的不同。因此研究历史的主要任务包括但不仅局限于研究不同时代人们的共性,还包括研究不同时代社会的演变。在对个人影响上,研究历史也有很多好处。 A研究社会规律,规律的产生源于对历史事件的总结及分析。总结同类型历史事件,进行动因分析,进而总结出共性的东西。 B但是要研究社会在整个历史过程中的发展规律,就要结合不同时代的具体社会条件,分析历史演变的规律。 C研究历史还可以有其他很重要的作用,如对人类的日常生活。。。 On the height of the whole of humanity, studying of history plays the role of researching and summarizing the principle of society and its development. On the one hand, principle means a serial of repetition of characters of society in different historical periods; on the other hand, development means evolvement of social situation in the river of history which involves the difference of societies in history periods. Thus, the chief purpose of researching history should not only contain commonness among people who lived in different time of history, but also involves the evolvement of society. In addition, when it concerns our daily life, I think there are more other benefits to study history.
As one of the most famous writer, Shelley says, “History is a cyclic poem written by time upon the memories of man.” After excluding influence of some incidental factors, this cycle contains the inevitability might be considered as laws of history. After recalling the history of development of civilization, we can easily find out the repeatability of the relationship between technique and society structure, the development of technique decides the society structure in some degree. Before the first industry revolution, the fundamental factor of society is agriculture, thus, the system that nobles owns lands and others pay the rent, does have reasons to exist. Yet, after the revolution, industry becomes the most important role of the society. Also after the agricultural mechanization, lots of labors have been liberated from farming. The aristocratic system lost fundament on which it depends. As a result of these changes, the main sectors of society become workers and capitalists instead of farmers and nobles. There is no exaggeration to say that it is the first industry revolution changes the society structure in the nineteenth century. When it comes to the second industry revolution, the electrification leads to the fact that the social division of labor becomes rigid and influences the whole society structure again. In sum, the repetition does exist in history and is the main purpose of study of history.
The wheels of history roll on and on. The history contains both the cyclic of rotating wheels and the going forward of them. To pursue the laws of evolution of society, we must take care of the different social conditions. It might get entirely different result when researching the same question in different history times. For instance, the specific social condition might influence people’s views to arts hugely. In the medieval west, religion nearly becomes the only one spiritual support. Under the high-handed policy, people’s attitude to arts which involves so much religion factors might be just awe. Those who have new ideas inconsistent with religion might have no courage to express themselves. Yet after the renaissance, more and more new ideas and technology has been used in creation of arts, as well, people treat arts with the attitude of appreciation. When it comes to today, the free social atmosphere leads more and more individual factors to arts, such as Pollock. The answers to the same question under several specific conditions are so different, so the study of history must consider the specific social condition.
At the personal level, the benefits to study history might contain more. By studying the successful cases, we might influenced by the courage and confidence of those who make these cases, might be enlightened by some ideas in those cases. As well, learning about the mistakes which had ever existed in the past societies could help us to improve our motion plan, avoid the same mistakes. Besides, studying the history could improve a person’s self-cultivation. All of these could help a modern people to increase their competitiveness in such a society.
To sum up, history shows its repetition and evolvement; both of them should be considered and researched carefully to pursue the true laws of history development. Being specific to the individual, studying of history could rich his life and help him establish his own ideal and value system. |