argument53 by dingyi

dingyi0311UID: 2627919

53Thirteen years ago, researchers studied a group of 25 infants who showed signs of mild distress when exposed to unfamiliar stimuli such as an unusual odor or a tape recording of an unknown voice. They discovered that these infants were more likely than other infants to have been conceived in early autumn, a time when their mothers' production of melatonin—a hormone known to affect some brain functions—would naturally increase in response to decreased daylight. In a follow-up study conducted earlier this year, more than half of these children—now teenagers—who had shown signs of distress identified themselves as shy. Clearly, increased levels of melatonin before birth cause shyness during infancy and this shyness continues into later life.


In this argument, the author asserts that it is the increased level of melatonin before birth cause shyness during infancy and this shyness continues into later life. To support his argument, the arguer cite a research that the infants who showed signs of mild distress when exposed to unfamiliar stimuli wore more likely to be conceived in early autumn, when the production of melatonin of their mothers are very high. Moreover, the following study shows that more than half fo this children identified themselves as shy. The argument sound reasonable at the first glimpse, however, my further reflect has revealed it suffer at least three fallacies as follows.

Firstly, the threshold problem of the argument is that the research cited by the author are not cogent as it seems, whether the number of the group are enough, whether the standard used to define a child as mild distress is correct. Any of the factors above can undermine the credulity of the research.
Another problem that weakens the logical of the argument is that the arguer unfairly refer that the influence of the melatonin will continues into the later life. The following study has showed that the children in the group are more likely to identify themselves as shy. However, the author does not provide any information on how the children were raised, provided that the family of the children is sterner to the children, or that the children are not welcomed by the other child. Without precluding those possibilities, I remain not convinced.

Moreover, the research hastily draws a conclusion by using the opinion of the children themselves, which is too objective. People can be nervous in some important situations. Such as giving a speech before many people, or talking with a beloved girl. In fact, people should not be deemed shy in this situation. Yet the arguer fails to points out whether the children regard themselves as shy because they feel they are nervous in these situations. In addition the author fails to make a control group about how many people who are not born in the autumn. Will feel them as shy


in sum, the arguer fail to substantiate his claim that the melatonin is the reason for the shyness during the infancy and in the later life, because the evident cited and the logical inference do not lead strong support to what the author maintains. To better support his argument, he need to provide more information on whether the research are carried on scientifically, whether the student opinion are subjective, and how the children are been raised. Therefore, if the argument has included the factors discussed above, it will be more thorough and acceptable.

lollipops80UID: 2619379

In this argument, the author asserts that it is the increased level of melatonin before birth cause shyness during infancy and this shyness continues into later life. To support his argument, the arguer cite a research that the infants who showed signs of mild distress when exposed to unfamiliar stimuli were
more likely to be conceived in early autumn, when the production of melatonin of their mothers are very high. Moreover, the following study shows that more than half children in survey identified themselves as shy. The argument sound reasonable at the first glimpse, however, my further reflect reveals
that it suffers from at least three fallacies as follows.

Firstly, the threshold problem of the argument is that the research cited by the author are not cogent as it seems, whether the number of the group are enough (the sample size is big enough) , whether the standard used to define a child as mild distress is correct. Any of the factors above can undermine the credulity of the research.这里是要表述小样本吧？有点太笼统的感觉

Another problem that weakens the logical of the argument is that the arguer unfairly refer that the influence of the melatonin will continues into the later life. The following study has showed that the children in the group are more likely to identify themselves as shy. However, the author does not provide any information about the way the children were raised, provided that the family of the children is sterner to the children, or that the children are not welcomed by the other child. Without precluding those possibilities, I remain not convinced.中间这句话太长了，好像结构不对了吧

Moreover, the research hastily draws a conclusion by using the opinion of the children themselves, which is too objective. People can be nervous in some important situations. Such as giving a speech before many people, or talking with a beloved girl. In fact, people should not be deemed shy in this situation. Yet the arguer fails to points out whether the children regard themselves as shy because they feel they are nervous in these situations. In addition the author fails to make a control group about how many people who are not born in the autumn. Will feel them as shy
一方面是他们不一定真的如他们所说的shy，另一方面不一定是m的增加导致他们shy的，因果没有表述到

in sum, the arguer fail to substantiate his claim that the melatonin is the reason for the shyness during the infancy and in the later life, because the evident cited and the logical inference do not lead strong support to what the author maintains. To better support his argument, he need to provide more information on whether the research are carried on scientifically, whether the student opinion are subjective, and how the children are been raised. Therefore, if the argument has included the factors discussed above, it will be more thorough and acceptable.总体上缺少就m这个因果关系的逻辑漏洞进行的分析，这个很关键的

pinokuUID: 2435028

In this argument, the author asserts that it is the increased level of melatonin before birth cause shyness during infancy and this shyness continues into later life. To support his argument, the arguer cite a research that the infants who showed signs of mild distress when exposed to unfamiliar stimuli wore more likely to be conceived in early autumn, when the production of melatonin of their mothers are very high. Moreover, the following study shows that more than half fo this children identified themselves as shy. The argument sound reasonable at the first glimpse, however, my further reflect has revealed it suffer at least three fallacies as follows.

Firstly, the threshold problem of the argument is that the research cited by the author are not cogent as it seems, whether the number of the group are enough, whether the standard used to define a child as mild distress is correct. Any of the factors above can undermine the credulity of the research.
Another problem that weakens the logical of the argument is that the arguer unfairly refer that the influence of the melatonin will continues into the later life. The following study has showed that the children in the group are more likely to identify themselves as shy. However, the author does not provide any information on how the children were raised, provided that the family of the children is sterner to the children, or that the children are not welcomed by the other child. Without precluding those possibilities, I remain not convinced.

Moreover, the research hastily draws a conclusion by using the opinion of the children themselves, which is too objective. People can be nervous in some important situations. Such as giving a speech before many people, or talking with a beloved girl. In fact, people should not be deemed shy in this situation. Yet the arguer fails to points out whether the children regard themselves as shy because they feel they are nervous in these situations. In addition the author fails to make a control group about how many people who are not born in the autumn. Will feel them as shy


in sum, the arguer fail to substantiate his claim that the melatonin is the reason for the shyness during the infancy and in the later life, because the evident cited and the logical inference do not lead strong support to what the author maintains. To better support his argument, he need to provide more information on whether the research are carried on scientifically, whether the student opinion are subjective, and how the children are been raised. Therefore, if the argument has included the factors discussed above, it will be more thorough and acceptable.

这篇文章我自己的思维是比较混乱的，错误都摆在那里，可自己说的时候似乎逻辑很混乱。你的比我的逻辑清楚些。学习了。

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