Issue144 还有五天考，还严重超时：（大家帮忙改改吧

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ISSUE144 - "It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value."

提纲：（严格按照鬼谷子的思路）
1.critic创造了艺术作品的市场价值。
2.市场价值取决于很多因素，并且受时间空间以及人的认识能力的限制，绝不是lasting的。
3.艺术品持久的价值在于它深刻地反映了艺术家对世界的认知，体现于我们的感情与作品反映的产生共鸣时，那菩提灌顶的瞬间，因此是艺术家创造的。

According to the speaker, the enduring value of an art is created by artist rather than the critic, I strongly agree with this statement. Though critics play an important role in introducing the art to the public, the innate and lasting value still lies in the work itself, thus cannot be credited to anyone other than its creator.

First of all, the critics do contribute to the market value of art. Just as one critic once said, the value of work of art depends on what the artist puts into it as well as what the mass people get out of it.  Any work without an audience is of no meaning at all. But sometimes the work of artist is too transcendental and abstruse to be comprehended and accepted by the public. They both need a bridge. he critic, than, equipped with specific and profound knowledge, connects a channel between the two poles. It is the critics who appreciate and judge the work of artist before it reaches the market, select the valuable ones and introduce them to the public. And the mass people generally trust in the perception and authority of critics. In this sense, critics give the work of art a second birth. Without the interpretation and recommendation of them, the commercial value of art cannot be acquired.

But the various factors that the commercial value of art depends on determine it cannot be unalterable and lasting. The appreciation and discrimination of critics, even if they are well-trained in these respects, cannot be one hundred percent pertinent. Since even as experts, their cognition of human is largely confined by time and space; as earthlings, there are myriad factors such as personal interests to prevent them from being impartial. It is highly likely that the idea inscribed in a masterpiece is so revolutionary that it contradicts the interests of the ruling class. On the contrary, those popular fads catering for the taste of the masses at that time may likely to sink into obscurity in the future. In short, the commercial value of art could vary dramatically. It is additional auxiliary rather than innate property of a work of art.

Than does art has lasting values? The answer is definitely “Yes”. Euripides Hecuba is still regarded as the greatest tragedies in history; whenever we listen to Beethoven's symphony, we feel our hearts filled with passion, and the paintings of Von Gogh have now won their virtue. All these works of art have survived the lapse of time and triumphed in lasting value. What they share in common is the most sincere and ardent expression of the artist’s observation and reflection of world. And it is precisely this sentiment, moral and passion, this most fundamental emotion of humanity that strike the audience’s heart and cause a resonance whenever we recognize ourselves in the expression of the artist, and are inspired and instructed by their original work. Thus, the value of art differs from person to person, time to time. And the appreciation of art is largely a personal experience. The critics can serve as a guider or mentor for the access of art, but they can never explain to us or feel instead of us of this individual experience. The true value of art has lain there ever since its naissance, it is the outcome of artist, and cannot be interpreted and explained by critics.

To sum up, the authentic and permanent value of works of art can only reside in the art itself, it exists there, independent of any interpretation and judgment from outside, and whenever it coincides with and contributes to some experience of some descendants, its lasting value is seen. Thus, it is the artist rather than the critic who gives society something of lasting value. And whenever the artist begin cover the distance between himself and the public, when ever he or she begin to study the image in the sight of the critics, the lasting value of a art will degrade into shallow viability of craft.