[i习作temp] Issue69 未限时写得最用心的一次求拍 [复制链接]

caesar210
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电梯直达

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发表于 2009-3-10 22:52:54 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

TOPIC: ISSUE69 - "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
WORDS: 614 TIME: 02:17:16 DATE: 2009-3-10 22:47:50
I partly agree with the speaker's claim that the government should place few restrictions on scientific research and development, for that attention aptly paid to scientific projects would bring considerable benefits improving the quality and efficiency of our lives. However, too much emphasizing on it while overlooking other important functions is inadvisable.
Firstly and basically, the great contribution made by the scientific research and development had been proved in the past. As is always heard from the mass media, the history of the human progress could be seen as the history of the scientific progress. It is the scientific development which leads to the improvement of technology, which later promote the evolution of the society bringing better quality and efficiency of our lives. To support this point one need look no further than the achievements finished by the famous scientists in the past. Micheal Faraday, the giant of the physics who had found the method to produce ecletricity, carried his research achievement into production, and finally lead to the wide spread of the electricity generator which to a great extent improve the quality of people's lives by the new power it provide. Mechanization is another example aptly indicating the importance of scientific research and development. The day when he invented the steam engine, James Watt, world famous for his invention, would never imagine the invaluable contribution he did lead later to the Industrial Revolution. Mechanization was attainable since the advent of the steam engine and, as a result, the efficiency of prodution and transportation soared up and brought great convenience to the society. Generally speaking, it is scientific research and development which promote the development of the society.
In the second place, it is obvious that too much restrictions on scientific research and development would seriously impede the progress of improving the qualities of people's lives. This point is strongly proved by the facts in both developed and undeveloped countries. Consider the developed countries first. Lives in the highly developed countries are becoming considerably complicated, so that most activities taking place in it are totally relying on the technologies from the scientific research. The society is unable to sustain without telephones, Internet and automobiles. Moreover, the level of reliance on the technologies is going to be higher in the future. If the scientific research of development is restricted by the government, the technologies would be unable to support the growing society any more. Secondly, the situations in undeveloped countries are calling for technology development even more eagerly. Since the famine and diseases are threatening the lives of the residents in these countries, scientific research and development improving technologies are needed to help them increasing the output of foods and the medicines.
Nonetheless, overemphasizing investing on the scientific research and development, without concern about the evironmental balance and world peace, would lead to unexpected consequences. There are examples strongly supporting this point. The biological and chemical disaster is catching increasing concentration for that more biological and chemical substances are being used these days. Moreover, the nuclear weapons are the most powerful weapons in the world, which are the produce of the scientific research. These harmful weapons are seriously threaten the lives of the people in the whole world. The new technology which scientific research brought to us caused no benefits but dangers, for that no one is supposed to survive in a nuclear war. These facts are warning us not only to emphasize the scientific research, but also to pay attention to the environment and the world peace.
To sum up, I partly agree with the importance of the scientific research and development according to the speaker. However, it would be unacceptable to overemphasize them.

Issue69

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caesar210
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沙发

发表于 2009-3-11 08:10:56 |只看该作者

自己顶！！

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wukao1985
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板凳

发表于 2009-3-11 10:31:51 |只看该作者

看了你的文章，主体结构看已经很不错了，结尾稍显薄弱，可以再加强一下自己的模板。
这篇文章我自己想了一下自己的提纲：1. 科学研究改善了人们的生活
2. 政府必须在有限范围内限制、管理科学研究。a. 保证科学研究的大方向b.防止研究滥用，比如克隆C.维护公民安全，比如国防研究。科学研究和政府的管理息息相关
3. 在基本问题得到保证的前提下，政府应该使得科学界有充分的自由。a 激发探索精神B. 提高全球性的科学领域的合作。

所以和你的文章相比差不太多，但你最后一个论点：过度的投资而不考虑世界和平和环境问题会带来后果。这个论点应该稍微改改。至少把过度投资改成缺乏监管才和题目比较切合。至于地下的举例，核弹的问题，其实有的政府发展核弹是为了和平，是为了达到核平衡，减少发生核战争的可能性，简单的说发展核弹不好不太符合现实，也缺乏说服力。

我第一次看别人的作文，可能给的建议也没太多参考价值，希望你看看就好，哈哈。祝你成功。
你能坐那写2个多小时我也很佩服了，我的问题是经常写30多分钟就想吐血就收笔了……目前也只能写500左右。所以时间控制上你还要加把劲哈。

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静水深流01
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地板

发表于 2009-3-11 10:52:35 |只看该作者

本帖最后由静水深流01 于 2009-3-11 10:53 编辑

同Issue69~~ word：609

The responsibility of government is to make a better life for the citizens in the country, and thus what should or should not be done by government depends on the standard above. Therefore, when we take a look at its obligation of placing restrictions on scientific research and development, the basic principle is whether the restrictions benefit the life standards here.

In most case, government or its members are too ignorant to decide how to control or lead the development of science, because they are not scientists. As a result, these people impose restriction totally based on their personal interest or political standpoint. For instance, in the medieval period, science was severely suppressed by Rome's Pop only because their results greatly showed objection to the Pop's credence. What is more, Reagan' s government set up a program about national defense, which leaded the direction of development of science to the military application and restricted science in other field. It had its interlocking effect that China set up its similar program called 863 in order to learn from the USA. These restrictions ignore the right rules of science and not only restrict the development of science but also delay the improvement of people's lives.

In addition, even if government that employs experts to help them make decision about restriction on science, these restrictions are also doubtful because of no one really knows the possible or potential value of a research. Marshall and Warren, who found helicobacter pylori in stomach that leads to peptic ulcer, won the Nobel Prize in 2005, 23 years after they published their work on the magazine called Lancet. Before that time, no one believed that any bacterium could survive in stomach where there is full of acid enzyme. If the government had adopted other expert’s belief and stopped funding the research, there would not have been such great result and improvement for treatment of stomachache. Similar example also exists in other scientific field, when we take evolutional theory as an example. Darwin' travel brought us a magnificent theory which are not full accepted by all of us. Though the results are lack of empirical evidence, alone this cannot obscure virtues. On basis of this theory, people can explain many phenomena and thus have developed fantastic results in genetic field, which eventually introduced a new medical treatment called genetic therapy.

However, there are other cases in which without restrictions of government scientific development will do harm to people's life and thus restriction is necessary. First, such case happens when the scientific research itself is dangerous such as research for nuclear weapons. After people realized the strong strength when the US air force bombed the Japan with two atomic bombs, almost every country wants to develop its own nuclear weapon. To avoid the world being destroyed by nuclear war, The pact called nuclear nonproliferation was subscribed by many governments, which means that they have obey the rule and place restriction on research in such field. Second, another case in point is that surfeit and meaningless research waste lots of money which could be use to solve other social problems such as starvation or educational problems. Many years earlier, a prevailing research done by scientist in various countries is to create a machine, which will work without exhausting any energy. These efforts were all in vain because they disobeyed the basic law of universe called the first law of thermodynamics.

All in all, we cannot simply judge the topic of the issue without taking the effect of scientific research into account. In fact, governments should support researches which will benefit the society, while properly put restrictions on that is harmful or vague.

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