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yesrush
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发表于 2009-8-7 09:25:20 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

69"Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"

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yesrush
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沙发

发表于 2009-8-7 18:27:07 |只看该作者

本帖最后由 yesrush 于 2009-8-8 13:36 编辑

TOPIC: ISSUE69 - "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
WORDS: 569 TIME: 00:45:00 DATE: 2009-8-7 16:37:25

In the retrospect of history, science and technology have significantly changed our society from the Stone Age to the agriculture community, from the Industrialization Revolution to the information age nowadays. Someone argues that government is responsible to place few or nothing limitations when it comes to science and development. I agree with this opinion but reserve my views. From my own perspective, the matter which should be restricted is not the science research and development itself, but the way how people utilize it.

To begin with, our society will grind to halt without precursors’ research on science. The steam engines free people from the onerous work. The automobiles allow tourists to travel to a far place conveniently and efficiently. The mobiles enhance the communication and shorten the distance of two persons. The computer and Internet provides people with a vast ocean of knowledge of social science and nature science. The televisions make human life more colorful and let persons to know the international events instantly just stay at home. The flourishing of our society is attributable to the scientific research and development. No one can imagine what will happen if research on science and technology is totally hampered.

In addition, perhaps someone refers that government should make some restrictions on some research which is meaningless to human, nevertheless, in some cases, people do not know the contribution of the research to our society even if this research has made some achievements. One of the obvious examples is the invention of train. When the train was invented by Stephenson, most people laughed at this dull object in that it runs much slower than carriage. Nevertheless, through many years of development, the train has become one of the fastest transportation tools in our earth. Another case is periodic tables of elements. Albeit the theory seems unusual and is difficult for most common persons, even some scientists to understand, it reveals the relevancy of chemical elements and bring a means for our offspring to predict the new chemical elements. These two examples illustrate that government is reasonable to support rather than make limitations for people to investigate the science even though it looks unusual or meaningless on the surface.

However, since the way of people employ science determines its effects to our human, some restrictions should be set for research. Take the colon technology for example, people can use it to colon human organs to save one's life, but can also use is to colon a human, which arouses the ethic problems. To a clone child, how to deal with the problem by way of comparison with his donor? The famous movie, the sixth days, tells us the disaster if there is no limitation on the area of colon. Just as the saying goes, science is a good servant but a bad master. There is no wrong in clone technology, but the incorrect methods of employing clone technology are indispensable to be condemned. Only if the application of science is well controlled, our human can assist ourselves instead of confusing.

In conclusion, I partly agree with the speaker's argument that few restrictions should be placed on scientific research and development, however, take the wrong utilization of technology into the consideration, some bondages are inevitable to serve as a prerequisite to prevent science itself going entirely in the wrong direction which opposites human's welfare.

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shallwetalk1990
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板凳

发表于 2009-8-7 18:45:55 |只看该作者

题目：ISSUE69 - "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
字数：515 用时：1:10:39 日期：2009-8-7

Science has been a part of our lives; the development of science influences the society. The essential restrictions on scientific research is government's duty, the abandon of scientific development will cause the endless damage to human-being. This restriction do not force the revolution of science to develop as the direction that government point at, instead, the public and government cooperate to establish a series of supervisory mechanism to monitor the development of science.

The amicable science and technology improve the condition of our lives; the every place of our life is full of the scientific shadow. Indubitably, the importance of science in our society can be placed by anyone. The history of human-being's development is also the history of scientific development. The focus on science is necessary, cause of the scientific influence to our society. People rest what problem we should not solve now on the contemporary scientific research, and these scientific research always amaze people. For instance, the invention of Internet. About 40 years ago, the most advanced way communication is telephone, the only way we can talk with people far away from us. Now, Internet is ubiquitous, we can talk with and see our friends wherever we are, we can control our home appliance by Internet wherever we are. The importance of internet is also a part of science, the aspect of medicine, biology, and other subject change our life day by day.

The restriction on scientific research also will control our society in the right direction. The development of science is not always good, some individuals do these researches for their personal profits; however, they do not care what other people's life. If our government place few restrictions on these scientific researches, our society will be hell. Unscrupulous businessman pay much money to some unscrupulous scientists, the damage of this situation will be endless. The effective measure should be taken by government to control their action like that, to make social people live secure lives. For example, the research of cloning technique should be monitored by government. Obviously, this technique can help so many people to treat their irreparable illness. The application of apparatus' clone will be a very helpful to medical world. If researchers apply this technique to product the man they want, our world will be the confused and rudderless. Research like this should be restricted without discussing.

In spite of the duty of government to restrain scientific research, this restriction can't be government's tool to control citizens. Government still the institution of reign demos, we have reason to not believe them. Not only government can build the mechanism of restrain science but the public, which to prevent the development of science from being the instrument of government. The science should reserve people but not control people; we have the right to restrain science to benefit mankind with government.

Overall, the issue that the restriction of government on science should be few can't be accepted. Government as well as demos has both right to monitor science in the way of severing mankind, cause of scientific importance in our lives.

今天不错提前完成而且时间控制好了在一个多小时比以前强了~

华丽丽的梦想不是用来看的而是用来做的开始吧！

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shevava
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地板

发表于 2009-8-7 20:25:15 |只看该作者

本帖最后由 shevava 于 2009-8-8 09:54 编辑

The scientific research can be confined by government by means of offering funds, limiting areas and even using law means. Since scientific research is not always have beneficial influence on society, and what's more, people's attitude cannot be correctly represented by some special scientists. Therefore, we do need government force to make a reasonable restriction on research.
To begin with, it is the most direct way that government inducts the goal of a new research by offering special funds. This way usually becomes an indispensable force to lend scientists pay more attention to contemporary crisis rather than some fantastic occurrence that are merely about their own desires. Meanwhile, governmental fund are derived from civics' tax, people choose a responsibility government to manage the money and itself are reliable. Thus, to some extents, whether a government is willing or not to appropriate funds for a research, it actually presents most people's attitude, so in many occasion, the choosing research can lead a better life for human being. Taking some fierce contemporary crisis for instances, the present state of environment,
energy sources, sustenance, and sanitation are all need some breakthrough in researches. So, an accelerate number of governments increase their fund of these areas, and of course many helpful researches are being set. However, caring about the global critics is not likely possible for some researcher, so if the government didn't restrict some researches and advocate others, these problems may not have rightly been solved.

Secondly, government can limit the extent of research or areas to avoid the baneful affect researches bringing. Without government's restriction to some dangerous and vital researches, some crazy scientists are supposed to avoid considering consequences and just do whatever they want. Moreover, the naive scientists may be assified by some conspirators, or the result would be harmful. For example, some researches about viruses. If these dangerous researches are not being protected by government, may be used as bio-arm by some terrorism, and finally do harm to human beings.
Thirdly, the government can astrict the development or procedure of research with the help of some special laws. The laws are setting for balancing the technology development and human moral standard movement. If some researches will lead to a result that conflict with most people's belief, law may make a limitation of the research and reduce this conflict to lowest. A bioethics example can strongly prove this view. Recently, the progress of stem cell research have been widely and fiercely debated, some biology scientist hold the view that government should cancel the circumscribe of use one human stem cell to create another, but some moralist and religionist believe we are forbidden to creating a human which is the God’s duty. Hence，in this point, the law made by government acts as balance between them and sustain the peaceful world so that government could place restrictions on research.
Admittedly, scientist is the spirit of research, they should and must be endowed enough freedom to transform their mind into facts rather than serve for the government. What's more, comparing with the government bureau, they are armed with scientific intuition and understanding, and can have a farsighted to see the prospect of a research. But do not forget, it is government who should be responsible for all the things happened in a society. Hence government ought to have rights to restrict the potential dangerous things’ produce –some vital researches.

In sum, as for some vital and dangerous researches, government should place some restrictions on them, but at the same time, we cannot limit scientists’ thinking. Therefore, a well balance between them is required to most government.

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灵感女孩
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5楼

发表于 2009-8-7 21:21:36 |只看该作者

本帖最后由灵感女孩于 2009-8-8 20:48 编辑

TOPIC: ISSUE69 - "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
WORDS: 547 TIME: 00:36:56 (今天偷懒了，用了好多昨天88里面的句子，写完了也懒得改了。。。) DATE: 8/7/2009

Scientific research and development has played a crucial part to the advancement of the whole society and have changed the lives of human beings significantly, from the ancient arts and crafts era to Industrial Revolution, and to the Information Age today. How human beings have utilized these technology, either in a contributing or deleterious way, has become heated debates since not all results scientific research and development brings are positive. Thus, governments should place restrictions on scientific research and development based on the nature of these projects.

Our lives have improved significantly by the achievements of scientific research and development. The invention of the steam engine marked the Industrial Revolution which emancipated hundreds of people from burdensome labor; teli -communication has enabled people to communicate with others in more efficient ways; computers and the internet have given people an enormous amount of information. Thanks to the achievements of scientific research and development, human beings have enjoyed much more free time and lives have become more convenient than ever.

Yet scientific research and development is a double-edged sword for the whole society. While we are enjoying the convenience technology has brought us, we cannot ignore the fact that it has brought us serious disasters at the same time. Environmental problems have been imperiling lives of both human beings and animals. Air pollution has caused an increasing number of respiratory diseases. Water pollution, for example in the 1950s in Japan, mercury pollution has poisoned and took lives of a vast number of people as well as sea creatures. Nowadays, another threat that imperils human beings lives is nuclear pollution. In Russia alone, 1.5 million people are living on the land where it is polluted by nuclear waste. Scientific research and development has also challenged people's ethical standards. To "duplicate" a human being contravened the and reached the extreme of what can be accepted as ethical norms.

These negative consequences scientific research and development has brought us should be one of the most important tasks of governments to deal with. Governments, thus, should place restrictions to certain extents based on the nature of the research projects and regulate through legislations to ensure that these results of scientific research do not act against the prosperity and security of our societies. For example, government should levy heavy tax on those industries which generate serious environmental pollutions, or set certain standards for these factories. In another case, government should enact laws that regulate the use of the cloning technology and forbid any kind of attempt to clone a human being. Or, in the case of nuclear development, government should strictly restrict the abuse of such technology which has the potential to bring great harm or even destroy the planet.

However, in areas where the research projects can benefit human beings, government should not place restrictions but even fund them to support their developments. For example, government should encourage institutes to develop and invent energy-saving devices which can potentially search for a solution to the energy crisis.

In sum, as every coin has two sides, scientific research and development can bring us both benefits and disasters. Government should place restrictions on those which is potentially harmful to the development of the society, yet support those which can ensure a cleaner, safer future for the human beings.

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blade134
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6楼

发表于 2009-8-8 00:09:11 |只看该作者

本帖最后由 blade134 于 2009-8-8 01:31 编辑

69 "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"

In the past centuries, especially at the World War II, Science and technology have developed prosperly in the comfortable environment provided by government of countries all over the world. The inventory of computer and Internet have largely convenient everybody's life. Meanwhile, the threaten of being annihilated by the development of weapons, such as nuclear weapons, missiles, have been increasing step by step. Actually, government should play an essential role in restricting some researches against all human beings as well as helping those which will benefit most of society.

To begin with, most of technology and science innovations can take advantage to general public without restrictions. As light bulbs have been widely accepted by every American family, Thomas Edison, the inventor of light bulb and electronic transport technology, have completely changed people's life styles. By turning the switch, the families can light their room in a convenient way without wasting any oil and reducing carbons spreading into the air. In another case, the Silicon Valley, a famous region for its world leading semiconductor manufacturing and high technologies, is derived from some small garage workshops. With the convenient transport condition and amazing tax rate, many companies have become the leader in silicon industry, such as Intel, Apple, and so on. "We really thrive on anarchy", an entrepreneur in Silicon Valley said.

In addition, the emotion world of human beings, such as movies, music, and so forth are possibly benefited from the development of technology. In the motion movies we usually see some unreal actions which can not be achieved by actors such as flying in the air are becoming true because these sections of the movie is added by computer emulation in fact. With the help of these new technologies, the artists can express their feelings or thoughts in a more comprehensive and vivid way.

Nevertheless, research in some scientific fields is probably do harm to people's daily lives, even worse, destroy us. Take the competition of nuclear weapons as an example. Many people know that the nuclear attack in World War II has caused tremendous damage in two Japanese cities, during that attack, many people were killed and others were affected by nuclear radiation which can elicit deadly illness. Today, the United States and Russia, two superior military countries in the world, have preserved tons of nuclear missiles. The only thing we know is no one can afford the cost if these weapons were used by terrorists.

What is more, some other researches even generate some moral problems to some extent. Cloning, the technology to duplicate creature from their mother's organs, have been intensely qualified by scientists, philosophies, and doctors across the world for the ethnics of such behavior. If such technology was imposed on man, nobody can handle the relationship between the one who is cloned and the original one perfectly because such things have never happened in history. Our value system needs to be rebuilded if that happened.

In all, It is the government which can help the science develop well from many aspects, it is the government who can prevent the improper scientific activities from turning out to be a tremendous tragedy. In a word, how the life of us would be is tightly related to the attitude of the government.

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