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本帖最后由 混混学霸 于 2016-6-16 18:28 编辑
11、People’s behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making.
To what extent that people can make their choices under extrinsic constraints is moot. From my point of view, people’s behavior is the result that they make their own choices. I will state this point by presenting deep reasons for constraints people abiding with and under these constraints, what choices can we make freely.
日常生活的例子:生活中有些规则确实约束了人们的行为。比如:我们几点上班,上班时长。过马路要等绿灯,付账要排队。
To begin with, it has been argued that extraneous forces, rather than our free mind, largely determine our behaviors. This is plausible, especially when we apply many rules, laws to limit people’s behaviors. For individuals, for example, when we should begin to work is fixed, as well as working time. Our outfit is based on conditions we’re going to attend. As one constituent in the society, there are many rules we have to abide with. Unless it’s greenlight, we cannot pass the road. If our car speed surpasses limits on a highway, we’ll get a penalty. Before we pay for goods, we have to wait until it’s our turn. These rules, acting regulations, restrict our behaviors in which we can not choose.
但是,与其简单因为这些规则约束,得出结论:人们不能自由选择。深层原因是:人们自己选择制定这些规则和法律,来最大化团体利益。而且这些规则,人们通过世代试验得出来的。
However, we can not debase the capability of autonomous choices by concentrating on reasons on people’s promulgation on regulations. Actually, it’s our choices to obey these rules and regulations which invalidate them. The standardized pattern before we behave is as follows: observe, interpret, behave, feedback and based on feedback, observations would be adjusted. Through this pattern, we observe ongoing surroundings, interpret others’ behaviors, predict possible outcomes of our behaviors, put one predilection on one behavior that benefits us most. Thus, we choose to behave under regulations, such external forces, because individuals concur that under this behavior pattern, our benefits as a whole can be maximized. We even concur on penalties if some provisions are surpassed. Besides, these rules, regulations are formed through trials of generations and implanted into out mind through textbooks, judgments of mainstream medias. Thus, it’s our choices to obey these external forces then they can be apparently constraints.
所以,人们的行为是自由选择的结果。虽然有些规则不能变,但是在这个大框架下,还是可以自主选择的。举例说明。
In conclusion, that some apparently external constraints on our behaviors is actually the result of autonomous choices. But we should not ignore momentous choices under this framework. Take examples we list above. As one employee,we may not choose between rules fixed in the particular company. But we can choose whether or not to work for this company. We may not choose the type of outfit for conferences, but we can choose what colour, whether silk scarf could be used to embellish. Thus, our behaviors are determined by us making our choices and take responsible for them, not external forces. The extent that we make our choices, based on specific conditions, individuals repectively, needs to be exploited. |
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