[经验思考] issue入门系列之二：1+3模型构建复杂而整合的思路 [复制链接]

Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. ... 开头点出三个passion
中间三段分别讨论其中一个

I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy -


With equal passion I have sought knowledge.  


Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth.  


This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.

1+3模型的基本思想就是要主旨句(TS)和主题句(ts)的相互呼应，1个TS要包含3个点，概括3个ts。可以用以下伪码来概述：

TS (pt1, pt2, pt3)
ts (pt1)
ts (pt2)
ts (pt3)

以这道题为例

    The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority.
    Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

我们要写出一个复杂而有层次的主旨句

Whether the statement holds true or not depends on which groups of people in the society are challenging the authority and in what ways.  For groups of people such as secondary school students and workers in manufacturing sectors, challenging the school teachers and the factory supervisors will disrupt the normal operations of schools and factories that would harm the well-beings of the society.  On the other hand, scientists should be encouraged to question the authority through which new theories can be developed and new technologies can be advanced to improve the productivity of the society.
这个主旨句将原题中的people具体化为三种人- 中学生、工人和科学家，并简略讨论针对三个全体的不同分论点。这样写要求第一段对观点做出较详细的阐述，可能和大家平时简略提出观点的做法不一样，需要适应。 而这样做的好处就是读者可以一开始就清晰的看到我们全篇的脉络，而我们写中间段也有了一个纲要。

接下来三个主题句分别支持主旨句的一部分：


    In institutions such as secondary schools, if students challenge the authority of their teachers, the schools will not operate normally and neither students nor teachers will benefit from the acts of questioning authority.
    In places such as manufacturing factories, it is unnecessary and harmful for workers to question the authority and disobey the instructions of their supervisors.
    While authorities should be respected in the above-mentioned contexts, scientific researchers should question the authority all the time in order to develop new theories and technologies for the progress of modern society.


这就是我所谓的1+3模型。