[未归类] 【重要】ETS对于雷同的判定&我的感想 [复制链接]

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发表于 2005-2-28 20:32:40 |只看该作者

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GRE GENERAL TEST SCORES CANCELLED FOR 64 INTERNATIONAL TEST TAKERS

PRINCETON, N.J.(Jan.21,2003) – Officials of the Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) Program have announced that the GRE General Test scores have been cancelled for 64 students from the November 23, 2002, paper test administration in China, Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong.

These 64 test takers are among the over 6,000 individuals who took the test on that date.  The affected scores were cancelled because their Analytical Writing essays do not contain sufficient original material to provide a valid indication of their analytical writing skills.

Investigators found the presence of paragraphs and sentences containing similar language or essays in a common essay structure. For many of these essays, published sources for the language and examples were discovered.  Further invalidating the scores is the fact that these students did not provide their own ideas or examples to illustrate their critical thinking.

“We understand that test takers may draw upon similar ideas for these analytical essays,” says John Yopp, vice president of ETS’s Graduate and Professional Education division. “And while this is acceptable, test takers must realize the graduate education community in the United States values most highly the ability of students to develop their own perspectives in analytical essays. The graduate community also values students who can illustrate through their essays not just how thoroughly they memorize and recall citations , but how much original thinking they do to show how they differ from their fellow test takers. ”
“We are extremely pleased that some 6,000 test takers created their own essays.  They serve as an example to all test takers and show that the vast majority of students do their own original work.  It reflects well on their hard work and dedication to learning.” Yopp concluded.

Officials are in the process of releasing scores of students whose scores have been cleared and of notifying those whose GRE General Test scores have been cancelled.  Several hundred additional essays have not yet been scored because of insufficient quality in the conversion of handwriting to digital images.  This prevented the essays from being scored through the nation-wide network of readers.  These essays are being reviewed and scores will be released as soon as they are available.

Students whose scores have been cancelled have forfeited their test fees and must pay to take the entire GRE General Test again at an upcoming administration. No record of the score cancellations, or the reason for cancellation, will appear on their future score reports sent to colleges and universities.
通过这件事我们可以看出ETS对于雷同的标准和对于我们AW写作的要求。这也正是我们一直建议同学们要自己动手写提纲，自己动手找例子的原因。因为只有这样才能够达到critical & original thinking。当然，背诵一些好的文章，比如新概念4等对于写作是有很大帮助的，“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”，毕竟，一些好的句式和表达是我们没有办法创造出来的，只能去学习和记忆。但是，我们如何运用这些资源来形成我们自己的风格，表达我们自己的critical & original thinking是最重要的问题。我觉得对于现成的资料中以及别人文章中精彩句子我们应该学习，记忆，消化，理解，然后变成自己的语言，而不应该生搬硬套。对于例子，我们也不能够原文照抄，而是应该用自己的语言将例子中最符合自己观点的内容简要的表达出来，因为上文中判定雷同的一个重要原因就是：published sources for the language and examples were discovered，所以，对于语句和例子我们一定要尽量有创意有新意，尽量不要使用所有人都在用的语句和例子，如果这样的层次很难达到，一时找不到很新鲜的语句和例子的话也一定要用自己的语言来表达，千万不要为了省事而全部照抄。

除此之外，就是思路和观点上面的critical & original thinking的问题了。我觉得我们不应该为了避免偏激而每篇文章都去中庸都去平衡，其实，无论你的观点多么的怪异，只要能够自圆其说，逻辑上面没有错误就符合了AW的要求了，而且，我觉得自己的想法才算是真正的critical & original thinking。孙远等人的书籍，尤其是其中的提纲只是一种参考，仅仅是一种参考而已，要知道，多少人都在看他们的书籍，都在用他们的提纲和模板，这样绝对不可能达到critical & original thinking。如上文的例子，6000考生中的64个被判了雷同，差不多是百分之一的比率，而如果你过分依赖模板和提纲，跟你使用相同的模板和提纲的人肯定不会少于百分之一的，这样你被判雷同的可能性就会相当的大。其实跟语言相比，结构思路上面的critical & original thinking是更重要的，所以，与其把时间花在选择很难的词汇，编造超长的句子上面还不如把时间用在构思和完善自己更critical & original 的思路上面。

说了这么多其实主要的目的就是让大家注意critical & original thinking的问题，以及如何避免被判雷同，只要抓住了critical & original thinking这一点，AW就一定会成功的。AW无非就是考查我们思考分析问题的能力的考试。只要你认真的去构思认真的去分析，用自己的语言把自己的观点表达清楚，你就已经征服了AW。最后还是要祝福大家AW考试取得成功！

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