[i习作temp] 求好心人痛批 [复制链接]

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发表于 2009-8-7 09:00:50 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

本帖最后由你我不傻傻于 2009-8-7 09:03 编辑

TOPIC: ARGUMENT51 - The following appeared in a medical newsletter.
"Doctors have long suspected that secondary infections may keep some patients from healing quickly after severe muscle strain. This hypothesis has now been proved by preliminary results of a study of two groups of patients. The first group of patients, all being treated for muscle injuries by Dr. Newland, a doctor who specializes in sports medicine, took antibiotics regularly throughout their treatment. Their recuperation time was, on average, 40 percent quicker than typically expected. Patients in the second group, all being treated by Dr. Alton, a general physician, were given sugar pills, although the patients believed they were taking antibiotics. Their average recuperation time was not significantly reduced. Therefore, all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment."
WORDS: 335       TIME: 00:58:51
In this argument, the arguer concludes that all muscle strain patients should be proposed to take antibiotics as part of their treatment.To justify the conclusion, the arguer pionts out that the first group muscle injuried patients  who took antibiotics regularly ,was recoveried significant quicker than those took given sugar pills.In first sight, the argument seems to be some what persuasive, however, it omit essential concerns that should be explained, it is bristled with there logical flaws.  10'

Firstly,the arguer unfairly assumes that some patients who suffered from severe muscle strain will encouter secondary infections.The arguer provides no evidence to substantiate this assumption.Laking such evidence it is entirely possible that the secondary infections was prevented  because of doctor's careful attention .Without ruling out these possibility,I cannot accept any conclusion about secondary infections.

Even assuming some severe muscle strain patients will with secondary infections,the arguer also fairly assumes that all patients who are diagnosed with muscle strain would be well advised to take antibiotics as part of their treatment.The arguer provide no clear evidence to justify this assumption.Some severe muscke strain patients' result does not indicates that the secondary infections will occur in all patients who suffer from muscle strain.The arguer overlooks that the light muscle strain patients  might not suffer from secondary infections.

Thirdly,the comparition will not be representative without the person data respectively.Perhaps the first group mighe be younger than the second group,or perhaps the first group might be less serious in general.Additionally,the first doctor's experience will also affect the speed of patient's recovery.the doctor who specializes in sports medicine might good at
cure muscle strain.

All in all,the arguer fails to verify his claim that all muscle strain patients should take antibiotics .Because the evedence does not in support of the argument recommends.To bolster the argument, the arguer should provide more evidence regarding whether the secondary infections will occurs on severe muscle strain patients .In addition, the arguer would have to provide clear evidence that why all muscle strain patients should take anticbiotics .

TOPIC: ARGUMENT53 - Thirteen years ago, researchers studied a group of 25 infants who showed signs of mild distress when exposed to unfamiliar stimuli such as an unusual odor or a tape recording of an unknown voice. They discovered that these infants were more likely than other infants to have been conceived in early autumn, a time when their mothers' production of melatonin-a hormone known to affect some brain functions-would naturally increase in response to decreased daylight. In a follow-up study conducted earlier this year, more than half of these children-now teenagers-who had shown signs of distress identified themselves as shy. Clearly, increased levels of melatonin before birth cause shyness during infancy and this shyness continues into later life.
WORDS: 317       TIME: 00:50:19

In this argument, the arguer concludes that increased levels of melatonin before birth render shyness during infancy and this shyness continues into later life.To justify the conclusion,the arguer pionts out that a group of 25 infants who  showed signs of mild distress when confronted to unfamiliar environment,the arguer also pionts out that more than half of these children -now-reenagers-who had shown signs of distress identified themselves as shy.At first sight, the argument seems to be somewhat persuasive,it omit essential concerns that should be explained,it is bristled with three logical flaws.

Firstly,the arguer fails to assume that melatonin will give rise to infants' shy.The mere fact that the melatonin is a hormone known to affect some brain functions does not necessarily indicate that it was responsible to infants' shy.It is possible that it is only relevant to these problem,such as logical thinking,speaking ,etc.

Even assuming that melatonin will cause infants' shy,it does not indicate it was the causation of teenagers' shy.The arguer overlooks the other possibilities that might cause shyness,such as grow environment ,encucation experience and so on.Moreover,the arguer does not provide any evidence to justify that the effection of melatonin is forever .Without ruling out these explanations,the arguer cannot expect me to accept that  teenager's shyness was due to the effection of melatonin.

Thirdly,the arguer unfairly equates distress with shyness,simultaneously,the arguer provide no clear evidence ragarding other  infants' reaction to unfamiliar stimuli,it is entirely possible that  most infants will show the same signs of mild distress.Moreover,the survey invovles 25 infants was too minute to reflect the fact.

All in all,the arguer falsely verify his claim that  increased levels of melatonin before birth cause shyniss .Because the evidence does not in support of what the argument recommends.To strengthen the argument ,the arguer would have to provide more information regarding what effection the melatonin will cause towards infants.Additionally,the arguer would also provide more evidence that this effect is everlasting.

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