托福阅读词汇题总汇

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每次做阅读，阅读的词汇题几乎是必错的。只好自己整理集中做练习再整理。每楼一题。

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这题还真没弄明白~

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200. In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process.
The word "customarily" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) naturally
(B) necessarily
(C) usually
(D) certainly

C

customarily
['kʌstәmәrәli;ˏkʌstә'merәli]
adv.
  通常

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198. Magazines as they are known today began publication around 1882, and, in fact, the circulation of weekly magazines exceeded that of newspapers in the period which followed. By 1892, for example, the circulation of the Ladies' Home Journal had reached an astounding 700,000.
The word "astounding" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) surprising
(B) estimated
(C) encouraging
(D) sudden


A


astounding
[ә'staʋndiŋ]
adj.
  令人惊骇的

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184. However, the concept of number and the counting process developed so long before the time of recorded history (there is chaeological evidence that counting was employed by humans as far back as 50,000 years ago) that the manner of this development is largely conjectural.  
The word "conjectural" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) complex
(B) based on guessing
(C) unbelievable
(D) supported by careful research

B



conjectural
[kәn'dʒektʃәr(ә)l]
adj.
  凭推测的，凭猜测的

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167. In the past, as today, men, women, and children adorned themselves with beads. In some cultures still, certain beads are often worn from birth until death, and then are buried with their owners for the afterlife.
The word "adorned" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) protected
(B) decorated
(C) purchased
(D) enjoyed

B

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163. They are stimulating and refreshing because with commonsense briskness they brush away illusions and secondhand opinions.
The word "refreshing" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) popular
(B) ridiculous
(C) meaningful
(D) unusual


C

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160. Because of the wavelength of the x-rays used, soft x-ray microscopes will never match the highest resolution possible with electron microscopes. Rather, their special properties will make possible investigations that will complement those performed with light-and electron-based instruments.
The word "Rather" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) significantly
(B) preferably
(C) somewhat
(D) instead


B


rather
['rɑ:eә]
int.
  当然
‘Would you like a swim?’ ‘Rather’
“你要游泳吗？”“当然！”
['rɑ:eә; 'ræeәr]
adv.
  稍微；有点；颇；相当
rather cold weather
相当冷的天气
She was rather hurt by his unkind words.
"他出言不逊,使她相当伤心。"
  （常与than连用）宁可，宁愿
I'd rather play tennis than swim.
我宁愿打网球，不愿游泳。
  （常与than连用）更
These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty.
这双鞋不好看，但是舒服。
American young people would rather get advice from strangers.
美国的年轻人宁可从陌生人那里获取咨询。
We would rather receive money than the usual gifts.
我们宁可接受钱而不希望受到通常的礼物。


preferably
['prefrәbli]
adv.
  宁可

somewhat
['sʌmwɔt; -hwɔt]
adv.
  有几分，略，稍
I was somewhat surprised.
我有点惊讶。

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154. The pressure exerted on the human body increases by 1 atmosphere for every 10 meters of depth in seawater, so that at 30 meters in seawater a diver is exposed to a pressure of about 4 atmospheres.
The words "exposed to" in line 6 are closest in meaning to
(A) leaving behind
(B) prepared for
(C) propelled by
(D) subjected to


D


exposed
[iks'pәuzd]
adj.
  暴露的, 暴露于风雨中的, 无掩蔽的


subject to
v.
  使服从, 使遭受

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153. The steel wires used are galvanized-coated with zinc to make them rustproof. The two wires that make up the line wire or cable are fed separately into a machine at one end. They leave it at the other end twisted together and barbed.
The word "fed" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) put
(B) eaten
(C) bitten
(D) nourished

A 上下文

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151. The village chief dealt with land disputes and religious affairs. The war chief led the men in fighting during occasional conflicts that broke out with neighboring villages and directed the men in community building projects.
The word "disputes" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) discussions
(B) arguments
(C) developments
(D) purchases

B


dispute
[dis'pju:t]
n.
  争论；辩论
We had a dispute about how much money he owes me.
我们就他欠我多少钱一事进行了一番争论。
I hope this dispute will not divide us. (喻)
我希望这次争论将不会使我们之间产生隔阂。
[di'spju:t]
vt., vi.
  争论；辩论；竞争
The members of the town council disputed for hours about whether to build a new museum.
市议会的议员们就是否要新建一所博物馆辩论了好几个小时。
They disputed how to bring into full play the potential of the staff.
他们争论如何才能充分发挥全体员工的潜力。
  反驳；驳斥；怀疑
The lawyer disputed the truth of the witness's statement.
律师对证人的话的真实性提出了怀疑。
  抵抗；阻止
to dispute a landing by the enemy
抵抗敌人的登陆

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148. Each SMSA would contain at least (a) one central city with 50,000 inhabitant or more or (b) two cities having shared boundaries and constituting, for general economic and social purposes, a single community with a combined population of at least 50,000, the smaller of which must have a population of at least 15,000.
The word "constituting" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) located near
(B) determined by
(C) calling for
(D) making up



D


constitute
['kɔnstitju:t]
vt.
  组成；构成
7 days constitute a week
七天构成一星期
"England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland constitute / compose / make up the United kingdom."
英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成联合王国。
  授权，建立

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147. The changing profile of a city in the United States is apparent in the shifting definitions used by the United States Bureau of the Census. In 1870 the census officially distinguished the nation's "urban" from its "rural" population for the first time.
The word "distinguished" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) differentiated
(B) removed
(C) honored
(D) protected

C

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readily change its orientation, or phase. Cats know this instinctively, but scientists could not be sure how it happened until they increased the speed of their perceptions a thousand fold.
The word "readily" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) only
(B) easily
(C) slowly
(D) certainly

B


readily
['redili]
adv.
  欣然地；爽快地
  容易地；不困难地