[a习作temp] Argument12 冲刺习作, 有拍必回 [复制链接]

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发表于 2006-12-25 21:38:37 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

TOPIC: ARGUMENT12 - The following appeared in a memo from a vice president of Alta Manufacturing.

"During the past year, Alta Manufacturing had thirty percent more on-the-job accidents than nearby Panoply Industries, where the work shifts are one hour shorter than ours. Experts believe that a significant contributing factor in many on-the-job accidents is fatigue and sleep deprivation among workers. Therefore, to reduce the number of on-the-job accidents at Alta and thereby increase productivity, we should shorten each of our three work shifts by one hour so that our employees will get adequate amounts of sleep."
WORDS: 622 TIME: 0:28:52 DATE: 2006-12-25

提纲:
1, 没有证明ALTA应该采取这种措施, 与P的比较没有说服力
2, 没法证明这种建议有效
A, P不一定是因为工作时间而事故少, B, A不一定是因为员工睡眠不足而事故多 C, 工作少不一定睡眠就多

In this argument, the author suggests that Alta Manufacturing shortening each of its three work shifts by one hour, in order to ensure its employees gaining enough sleep and therefore reducing its on-the-job accidents. To support this suggestion, he points out that the accidents in Alta Manufacturing are thirty percent more than that in nearby Panoply Industries. Meanwhile, he cites that experts believe fatigue and sleep deprivation contribute to many on-the job accidents. However, the evidence provided cannot prove the fact that Alta Manufacturing has suffered from a serious situation of on-the-job accidents and should take steps dealing with it, so well as to prove the shortened work shifts can solve this problems effectively. A careful scrutiny will show us such critical flaws of this argument.

Fundamentally, the mere fact that Alta Manufacturing had thirty percent more on-the-job accidents than nearby Panoply Industries can not convince us that Alta Manufacturing should adjust its policies to deal with the problem. Without the details of these on-the-job accidents, it is premature to assert that Panoply Industries has a better situation than Alta Manufacturing. It is possible that the accidents in Panoply are more severe, causing tremendous injures, while accidents in Alta are all slight ones. This comparison asks more details. Even assuming Panoly Industries has a better situation of accidents, comparing these two factories is still possibly not feasible, because we are not given any conditions of them, leaving it possible that the works in Alta are more dangerous and complex, easily causing accidents, while Panoply works for safer products. This consideration can make us suspect that Alta has taken enough securities and no matter what more they do, they will still suffer from a worse accident situation than Panoply. So the author needs further investigation on the necessity for Alta to take steps.

Even granted it is needed for Alta Manufacturing to reduce on-the-job accidents, the author's suggestion is still open to doubt, with little grounded evidence and demonstration.

Firstly, the fact that Panoply Industries has work shifts one hour shorter than Alta's is not proved to be its better situation of accidents. Despite of the mentioned possible difference in producing progresses, Panoply may also have other advantages in security, such as more reasonable managing constitution, more effective managers and more skilled workers. All these elements can result in better safety situation. The author needs to exclude these elements' influences by more surveys to prove the effectiveness of shortened work shifts in Panoply.

Secondly, no evidence shows the high rate of on-the-job accidents in Alta Manufacturing results from its longer work shifts as well. Although experts believe many on-the-job accidents are caused by fatigue and sleep deprivation, they do not illustrate that all accidents are caused by such reasons, while Alta's own situation is not investigated. So perhaps it is more important for Alta Manufacturing to improve in other aspects, such as working conditions, staff training and so forth, to reduce its accidents.

Last but not the least, the effectiveness of the author's suggestion is not proved to be effective even assuming Alta's accidents are caused by fatigue and deprivation, because reducing work time is not equal to increasing sleeping time. Considering about the possibilities that workers in Alta will have more time arranged for entertainment, or seeking part-time jobs after their required work time in Alta is shortened, we may suspect the author's suggestion will meet no significant improvement in on-the-job safety.

To sum up, the argument lacks of evidence and comprehensive demonstration. To make his suggestion more reasonable, the author needs to take further study to ensure the necessity of reducing on-the-job accidents of Alta, as well as to reveal the exact reasons of such accidents and prove his suggestion's effectiveness.

[ 本帖最后由 lastangel 于 2006-12-25 21:40 编辑 ]