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[感想日志] 1006G[REBORN FROM THE ASHES组]备考日记 by 正常点——任何的失败都有太多的必然 [复制链接]

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发表于 2009-12-13 20:46:13 |显示全部楼层
本帖最后由 zhengchangdian 于 2009-12-14 16:24 编辑

整体感觉这些习作的模板痕迹相当明显,但是自己的模板也挺突出,所以今后得想想办法来处理一下这个问题!!
        :dizzy:
              :L
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发表于 2009-12-13 20:46:30 |显示全部楼层
占楼补作业
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发表于 2009-12-13 20:46:48 |显示全部楼层
占楼
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发表于 2009-12-13 20:47:01 |显示全部楼层
回归寄托,我最爱的最爱的乐土!
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发表于 2009-12-13 20:47:23 |显示全部楼层
回归寄托,我最爱的最爱的乐土!
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发表于 2009-12-13 20:47:40 |显示全部楼层
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发表于 2009-12-13 20:47:52 |显示全部楼层
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发表于 2009-12-13 20:48:08 |显示全部楼层
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发表于 2009-12-13 21:25:30 |显示全部楼层
本帖最后由 zhengchangdian 于 2009-12-14 15:38 编辑

第八次作业咯:
               The first part:https://bbs.gter.net/viewthread.php?tid=910464&;
GRE  q/ x$ \" B7 l" ^

Extended debate concerning the exact point of origin of individual folktales told by Afro-American slaves has unfortunately taken precedence over analysis of the tales’ meaning and function. Cultural continuities with Africa were not dependent on importation and perpetuation of specific folktales in their pristine form. It is in the place that tales occupied in the lives of the slaves and in the meaning slaves derived from them that the clearest resemblances to African tradition can be found. Afro-American slaves did not borrow tales indiscriminately from the Whites among whom they lived. Black people were most influenced by those Euro-American tales whose functional meaning and aesthetic appeal had the greatest similarity to the tales with deep roots in their ancestral homeland. Regardless of where slave tales came from, the essential point is that, with respect to language, delivery, details of characterization, and plot, slaves quickly made them their own.

1.    The author claims that most studies of folktales told by Afro-American slaves are inadequate because the studies
' e7 L9 T" }7 `
(A) fail to recognize any possible Euro-American influence on the folktales# `& _/ R' l1 I' b3 c
(B) do not pay enough attention to the features of a folktale that best reveal an African influence
(C) overestimate the number of folktales brought from Africa by the slaves
(D) do not consider the fact that a folktale can be changed as it is retold many times
(E) oversimplify the diverse and complex traditions of the slaves ancestral homeland
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2.    The author’s main purpose is to
(A) create a new field of study
(B) discredit an existing field of study
(C) change the focus of a field of study
(D) transplant scholarly techniques from one field of study to another
(E) restrict the scope of a burgeoning new field of study
! G9 T9 d9 r5 t6 ^

3.    The passage suggests that the author would regard which of the following areas of inquiry as most likely to reveal the slaves’ cultural continuities with Africa?
(A) The means by which Blacks disseminated their folktales in nineteenth-century America
(B) Specific regional differences in the styles of delivery used by the slaves in telling folktales
$ d; z: w( e% \7 J2 x& j
(C) The functional meaning of Black folktales in the lives of White children raised by slave& H8 j7 X" r- Q& W
(D) The specific way the slaves used folktales to impart moral teaching to their children$ {) V6 ]- h# }0 k
(E) The complexities of plot that appear most frequently in the slaves’ tales  K( z" H- H0 P+ `" ^* r4 z

4.    Which of the following techniques is used by the author in developing the argument in the passage?
(A) Giving a cliché a new meaning
, ]# H& N, V% v6 F' G* f# F/ p
(B) Pointedly refusing to define key terms- F4 {" \9 l/ W0 g
(C) Alternately presenting generalities and concrete details- Q5 u( A+ O7 K. r- p$ Z
(D) Concluding the passage with a restatement of the first point made in the passage/ s1 V. B+ B4 a6 s0 W
(E) Juxtaposing statements of what is not the case and statements of what is the case7 T8 O" w. Y; V: U8 U3 t; ^
BCDE% [9 q0 h* b* |; n! @

My answer:  BCCC
The right answer:BCDE
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发表于 2009-12-13 22:40:07 |显示全部楼层
The energy contained in rock within the earth’s crust represents a nearly unlimited energy source, but until recently commercial retrieval has been limited to underground hot water and/or steam recovery systems. These systems have been developed in areas of recent volcanic activity, where high rates of heat flow cause visible eruption of water in the form of (in the form of: ...的形式) geysers and hot springs. In other areas, however, hot rock also exists near the surface but there is insufficient water present to produce eruptive phenomena. Thus a potential hot dry rock (HDR) reservoir exists whenever the amount of spontaneously produced geothermal fluid has been judged inadequate for existing commercial systems.
As a result of recent energy crisis, new concepts for creating HDR recovery systems—which involve drilling holes and connecting them to artificial reservoirs placed deep within the crust—are being developed. In all attempts to retrieve energy from HDR’s, artificial stimulation will be required to create either sufficient permeability or bounded flow paths to facilitate the removal of heat by circulation of a fluid over the surface of the rock.

The HDR resource base is generally defined to included crustal rock that is hotter than 150, is at depths less than ten kilometers, and can be drilled with presently available equipment. Although wells deeper than ten kilometers are technically feasible, prevailing economic factors will obviously determine the commercial feasibility of wells at such depths. Rock temperatures as low as 100 may be useful for space heating (heating of spaces especially for human comfort by any means (as fuel, electricity, or solar radiation) with the heater either within the space or external to it); however, for producing electricity, temperatures greater than 200 are desirable.0 L1 T4 a  X/ T( T( c

The geothermal gradient, which specifically determines the depth of drilling required to reach a desired temperature, is a major factor in the recoverability of geothermal resources. Temperature gradient maps generated from oil and gas well temperature-depth records kept by the American Association of Petroleum Geologists suggest that tappable high-temperature gradients are distributed all across the United States. (There are many areas, however, for which no temperature gradient records exist.)
Indications are that the HDR resource base is very large. If an average geothermal temperature gradient of 22 per kilometer of depth is used, a staggering 13,000,000 quadrillion B.T.U.’s of total energy are calculated to be contained in crustal rock to a ten-kilometer depth in the United States. If we conservatively estimate that only about 0.2 percent is recoverable, we find a total of all the coal remaining in the United States. The remaining problem is to balance the economics of deeper, hotter, more costly wells and shallower, cooler, less expensive wells against the value of the final product, electricity and/or heat.


{9 {6 o( e6 k6 @# P
1.    The primary purpose of the passage is to; ^) P1 e6 e7 X9 F8 d- N% F
(A) alert readers to the existence of HDR’s as an available energy source
(B) document the challengers that have been surmounted in the effort to recover energy from HDR’s
(C) warn the users of coal and oil that HDR’s are not an economically feasible alternative
(D) encourage the use of new techniques for the recovery of energy from underground hot water and steam
(E) urge consumers to demand quicker development of HDR resources for the production of energy


2.    The passage would be most likely to appear in a
(A) petrological research report focused on the history of temperature-depth records in the United States
(B) congressional report urging the conservation of oil and natural gas reserves in the United States
(C) technical journal article concerned with the recoverability of newly identified energy sources
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(D) consumer report describing the extent and accessibility of remaining coal resources
(E) pamphlet designed to introduce homeowners to the advantages of HDR space-heating systems
, v! _( W8 Y8 O

3.    According the passage, an average geothermal gradient of 22 per kilometer of depth can be used to
(A) balance the economics of HDR energy retrieval against that of underground hot water or steam recovery systems
+ l' l7 s- ~6 `9 E- }* |
(B) determine the amount of energy that will used for space heating in the United States
(C) provide comparisons between hot water and HDR energy sources in United States
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(D) revise the estimates on the extent of remaining coal resources in the United States8 k$ @2 _+ e7 N2 [' P8 G3 N7 L* }9 z! D
(E) estimate the total HDR resource base in the United States

4.    It can be inferred from the passage that the availability of temperature-depth records for any specific area in the United States depends primarily on the
! Q/ e$ U. }! b6 e( \: }0 S$ [9 T/ I
(A) possibility that HDR’s may be found in that area+ U) I: [! q1 ?6 |  e6 ?. j
(B) existence of previous attempts to obtain oil or gas in that area  H& L" {! F+ n
(C) history of successful hot water or steam recovery efforts in that area
(D) failure of inhabitants to conserve oil gas reserves in that area
(E) use of coal as a substitute for oil or gas in that area


5.    According to the passage, in all HDR recovery systems fluid will be necessary in order to allow
; i7 Y: Q2 N: ^+ a1 X
(A) sufficient permeability
(B) artificial stimulation
(C) drilling of holes
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(D) construction of reservoirs' L7 R! X; o3 m0 s
(E) transfer of heat0 P6 ^. ^- x; b5 d1 n7 ]" z
6.    According to the passage, if the average geothermal gradient in an area is 22 per kilometer of depth, which of the following can be reliably predicted?
I.     The temperature at the base of a 10-kilometer well will be sufficient for the production of electricity.
II.    Drilling of wells deeper than 10 kilometers will be economically feasible.
III.  Insufficient water is present to produce eruptive phenomena.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
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7.     Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?3 ]: ]$ V6 n( x& g1 U( {
(A) Energy from Water Sources: The Feasibility of Commercial Systems! ~; n* v* l! _. [, D) r: v/ {
(B) Geothermal Energy Retrieval: Volcanic Activity and Hot Dry Rocks
(C) Energy Underground: Geothermal Sources Give Way to Fossil Fuels
) u( A; u9 F/ c3 P9 U5 x6 }
(D) Tappable Energy for America’s Future: Hot Dry Rocks2 B) h& k$ r" \6 n
(E) High Geothermal Gradients in the United States: Myth or Reality?) c6 l8 w9 o6 K4 }' @' m

My answer:BCEBAAD
The right answer:ACEBEAD
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发表于 2009-12-14 14:58:47 |显示全部楼层
LSAT

In explaining the foundations of the discipline known as historical sociology—the examination of history using the methods of sociology—historical sociologist Philip Abrams argues that, while people are made by society as much as society is made by people, sociologists’ approach to the subject is usually to focus on only one of these forms of influence to the exclusion of the other. Abrams insists on the necessity for sociologists to move beyond these one-sided approaches to understand society as an entity constructed by individuals who are at the same time constructed by their society. Abrams refers to this continuous process as “structuring”." ]. G/ T
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Abrams also sees history as the result of structuring. People, both individually and as members of collectives, make history. But our making of history is itself formed and informed not only by the historical conditions we inherit from the past, but also by the prior formation of our own identities and capacities, which are shaped by what Abrams calls “contingencies”—social phenomena over which we have varying degrees of control. Contingencies include such things as the social conditions under which we come of age, the condition of our household’s economy, the ideologies available to help us make sense of our situation, and accidental circumstances. The ways in which contingencies affect our individual or group identities create a structure of forces within which we are able to act, and that partially determines the sorts of actions we are able to perform.( W4 w4 ?: N3 D7 B
In Abrams analysis, historical structuring, like social structuring, is manifold and unremitting. To understand it, historical sociologists must extract from it certain significant episodes, or events, that their methodology can then analyze and interpret. According to Abrams, these events are points at which action and contingency meet, points that represent a cross section of the specific social and individual forces in play at a given time. At such moments, individuals stand forth as agents of history not simply because they possess a unique ability to act, but also because in them we see the force of the specific social conditions that allowed their actions to come forth. Individuals can “make their mark” on history, yet in individuals one also finds the convergence of wider social forces. In order to capture the various facets of this mutual interaction, Abrams recommends a fourfold structure to which he believes the investigations of historical sociologists should conform: first, description of the event itself; second, discussion of the social context that helped bring the event about and gave it significance; third, summary of the life history of the individual agent in the event; and fourth, analysis of the consequences of the event both for history and for the individual.


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1.    Which one of the following most accurately states the central idea of the passage?$ ?

K(A) Abrams argues that historical sociology rejects the claims of sociologists who assert that the sociological concept of structuring cannot be applied to the interactions between individuals and history.
(B) Abrams argues that historical sociology assumes that, despite the views of sociologists to the contrary, history influences the social contingencies that affect individuals.
(C) Abrams argues that historical sociology demonstrates that, despite the views of sociologists to the contrary, social structures both influence and are influenced by the events of history.. E" h4 G; B& y8 j* ^
(D) Abrams describes historical sociology as a discipline that unites two approaches taken by sociologists to studying the formation of societies and applies the resulting combined approach to the study of history; H9 A/ M8 q4 ~$ X% f
(E) Abrams describes historical society as an attempt to compensate for the shortcoming of traditional historical methods by applying the methods established in sociology.


2.    Given the passage’s argument, which one of the following sentences most logically completes the last paragraph?
(A) Only if they adhere to this structure, Abrams believes, can historical sociologists conclude with any certainty that the events that constitute the historical record are influenced by the actions of individuals
(B) Only if they adhere to this structure, Abrams believes, will historical sociologists be able to counter the standard sociological assumption that there is very little connection between history and individual agency.; H+ J2 c; m0 h2 H
(C) Unless they can agree to adhere to this structure, Abrams believes, historical sociologists risk having their discipline treated as little more than an interesting but ultimately indefensible adjunct to history and sociology.
(D) By adhering to this structure, Abrams believes, historical sociologists can shed light on issues that traditional sociologists have chosen to ignore in their one-sided approaches to the formation of societies5 Q" |6 h. U, g( V5 \/ Q9 I/ O8 }
(E) By adhering to this structure, Abrams believes, historical sociologists will be able to better portray the complex connections between human agency and history.
3.    The passage states that a contingency could be each of the following EXCEPT:
(A) a social phenomenon
(B) a form of historical structuring
(C) an accidental circumstance6 R+ L# G# O% k
(D) a condition controllable to some extent by an individual& ^, a& {! X) d$ `6 x, w
(E) a partial determinant of an individual’s actions


4.    Which one of the following is most analogous to the ideal work of a historical sociologist as outlined by Abrams?
interaction

(A) In a report on the enactment of a bill into law, a journalist explains why the need for the bill arose, sketches the biography of the principal legislator who wrote the bill, and ponders the effect that the bill’s enactment will have both one society and on the legislator’s career.$ J7 S# {1 K$ ?- P
(B) In a consultation with a patient, a doctor reviews the patient’s medical history, suggests possible reasons for the patient’s current condition, and recommends steps that the patient should take in the future to ensure that the condition improves or at least does not get any worse.
(C) In an analysis of a historical novel, a critic provides information to support the claim that details of the work’s setting are accurate, explains why the subject of the novel was of particular interest to the author, and compares the novel with some of the author’s other books set in the same period./ p# c; i) K: `: _, Y6 _
(D) In a presentation to stockholders, a corporation’s chief executive officer describes the corporations’ most profitable activities during the past year, introduces the vice president largely responsible for those activities, and discusses new projects the vice president will initiate in the coming year
(E) In developing a film based on a historical event, a filmmaker conducts interviews with participants in the event, bases part of the film’s screenplay on the interviews, and concludes the screenplay with a sequence of scenes speculating on the outcome of the event had certain details been different.6 [# v/ g! c  ^- N. I4 v

5.    The primary function of the first paragraph of the passage is to: S! h4 G' }) |7 {
(A) outline the merits of Abram’s conception of historical sociology
(B) convey the details of Abrams’s conception of historical sociology0 }7 r( ~) N$ s  ]
(C) anticipate challenges to Abrams’s conception of historical sociology
[(D) examine the roles of key terms used in Abrams’s conception of historical sociology
(E) identify the basis of Abrams’s conception of historical sociology


6.    Based on the passage, which one of the following is the LEAST illustrative example of the effect of a contingency upon an individual?
(A) the effect of the fact that a person experienced political injustice on that person’s decision to work for political reform9 u. I' A8 P. k1 Q! d' b7 {
(B) the effect of the fact that a person was raised in an agricultural region on that person’s decision to pursue a career in agriculture; w7 k9 p  P' ]8 n  V* N
(C) the effect of the fact that a person lives in a particular community on that person’s decision to visit friends in another community
(D) the effect of the fact that a person’s parents practiced a particular religion on that person’s decision to practice that religion
(E) the effect of the fact that a person grew up in financial hardship on that person’s decision to help others in financial hardship1 A, y' F0 U/ H+ [0 ~4 O

My answer: ADBAEC
The right answer:DEBAEC
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发表于 2009-12-14 15:17:23 |显示全部楼层
CET4- m$ r! c& K- V5 a- S) q3 C
Believe it or not, optical illusion (错觉)can cut highway crashes.

Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形
), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.

Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.& g! ^) F" S8 |1 T

Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest—curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.

Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.

Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway sped and the number of traffic accidents. $ C/ p+ g5 V  {9 \

1.The passage mainly discusses __________.

A) a new way of highway speed control
B) a new pattern for painting highways. w! S  B4 l. c6 k
C) a new approach to training drivers
D) a new type of optical illusion

2.On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that __________.
A) they should avoid speed-related hazards; s3 C9 ^, B( j9 U, G& C
B) they are driving in the wrong lane
C) they should slow down their speed
D) they are approaching the speed limit

3.The advantage of chevrons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former ___________.$ z  h9 h: M) c! H4 {
  
A) can keep drivers awake- U' \) A- F- @% I- g7 G/ I  E
  
B) can cut road accidents in half1 m" v% J+ Z# j2 P: Z
  
C) will have a longer effect on drivers2 K- f  k6 ?) q" G' A! r* b
  
D) will look more attractive
4.The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to __________.$ x7 Q. y* o6 m6 h8 l3 b# i
  
A) try out the Japanese method in certain areas! n/ S2 a( m. w8 m
  
B) change the road signs across the country2 [! l* Q7 w- A
  
C) replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons. G0 t- t3 `" N# ~( l* }
  
D) repeat the Japanese road patterns4 H% Z& Q" |: P0 G0 e
5.What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?+ P6 A0 C1 C9 |0 o7 l" k
  
A) They are falling out of use in the United States* f2 Z9 t9 u  O1 Q, G4 d7 ]
  
B) They tend to be ignored by drivers in a short period of time.
   
C) They are applicable only on broad roads.; n+ x& T4 d& Z: `
  D) They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles.


My answer: ACCAD
The right answer: ACCAB

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发表于 2009-12-14 15:21:13 |显示全部楼层
CET6+ c/ n5 H: Y* a4 y5 {
Too many vulnerable child-free adults are being ruthlessly(无情的)manipulated into parent-hood by their parents , who think that happiness among older people depends on having a grand-child to spoil. We need an organization to help beat down the persistent campaigns of grandchildless parents. It’s time to establish Planned Grandparenthood, which would have many global and local benefits.  

Part of its mission would be to promote the risks and realities associated with being a grandparent. The staff would include depressed grandparents who would explain how grandkids break lamps, bite, scream and kick. Others would detail how an hour of baby-sitting often turns into a crying marathon. More grandparents would testify that they had to pay for their grandchild’s expensive college education.  

Planned grandparenthood’s carefully written literature would detail all the joys of life grand-child-free a calm living room, extra money for luxuries during the golden years, etc. Potential grandparents would be reminded that, without grandchildren around, it’s possible to have a conversation with your kids, who----incidentally-----would have more time for their own parents .  0 p( t3 C- H4 ]'

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Meanwhile, most children are vulnerable to the enormous influence exerted by grandchildless parents aiming to persuade their kids to produce children . They will take a call from a persistent parent, even if they’re loaded with works. In addition, some parents make handsome money offers payable upon the grandchild’s birth. Sometimes these gifts not only cover expenses associated with the infant’s birth, but extras, too, like a vacation. In any case, cash gifts can weaken the resolve of even the noblest person.  


|7 W: p3 v9 x7 x6 \
At Planned Grandparenthood, children targeted by their parents to reproduce could obtain non-biased information about the insanity of having their own kids. The catastrophic psychological and economic costs of childbearing would be emphasized. The symptoms of morning sickness would be listed and horrors of childbirth pictured. A monthly newsletter would contain stories about overwhelmed parents and offer guidance on how childless adults can respond to the different lobbying tactics that would-be grandparents employ.  

When I think about all the problems of our overpopulated world and look at our boy grabbing at the lamp by the sofa, I wish I could have turned to Planned Grandparenthood when my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me.  / x/ ~2 s" T3 d. P7 I2 x3 B+ `
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If I could have, I might not be in this parenthood predicament( 窘境
) . But here’s the crazy irony, I don’t want my child-free life back . Dylan’s too much fun.  1 b+ p  a& e- [& P# p0 |

1. What’s the purpose of the proposed organization Planned Grandparenthood? 4 {  N/ O8 P* L6 _, l0 Q7 ~' S
A) To encourage childless couples to have children.
B) To provide facilities and services for grandchildless parents. ' G/ T+ b% E. E$ e
C) To offer counseling to people on how to raise grandchildren. # L9 E4 n! _+ t1 R2 E% K3 \
D) To discourage people from insisting on having grandchildren. ( _+ t$ Z) E$ b! s2 @! ~8 l3 l
1 A# Q! a2 ^/ b, k# p. V  J. g  `

2. Planned Grandparenthood would include depressed grandparents on its staff in order to____. 3 ?) I) k7 s2 [$ l) V: o: M
A) show them the joys of life grandparents may have in raising grandchildren
B) draw attention to the troubles and difficulties grandchildren may cause
C) share their experience in raising grandchildren in a more scientific way $ b8 j, R8 Z8 F- y$ O" L# l: o& @
D) help raise funds to cover the high expense of education for grandchildren : F2 A7 o  x& v  w* }6 w
% x* e9 f0 H' L+ {& {! y# k

3. According to the passage, some couples may eventually choose to have children because_____.  
A) they find it hard to resist the carrot-and-stick approach of their parents % X: _+ H  y- }$ _. q
B) they have learn from other parents about the joys of having children
C) they feel more and more lonely ad they grow older 4 a: o; o" @' n0 u) I
D) they have found it irrational to remain childless - s8 Z6 `3 j8 Q7 X

4.By saying “… my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me” (Line 2-3,Para. 6), the author means that _________.
A) her parents kept pressuring her to have a child ! l0 V7 k' n* c- p" [+ ?9 ~  h
B) her parents liked to have a grandchild in their arms
C) her parents asked her to save for the expenses of raising a child
D) her parents kept blaming her for her child’s bad behavior 8 Y$ x6 t0 d1 H( l

5.What does the author really of the idea of having children?
A) It does more harm than good.
B) It contributes to overpopulation.
C) It is troublesome but rewarding. 1 A* l  i4 c( Q7 Q$ x
D) It is a psychological catastrophe 3 J' j/ B7 V' H2 u


My answer:DBAAC
The right answer:DBAAC
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发表于 2009-12-14 15:38:10 |显示全部楼层
SCIENCE4 z- y2 I" [# f+ i
9 J! ~' M: K; O) L* N
A woman who carries a mutated(减弱的,消音的) BRCA1 gene faces a daunting(令人沮丧的)
decision: She can opt(选择) for constant monitoring(监视) hoping to catch any cancer early, while its still curable, or she can elect to have her breasts or ovaries removed to prevent cancer from developing in the first place. Results described on page 1467 now suggest that one day there may be a third option: using drugs rather than surgery to prevent BRCA1-mediated breast cancers. BRCA1 is a so-called tumor suppressor, a gene that in its normal form protects against cancer. One way it does this is by helping cells repair DNA damage that might otherwise result in cancer-causing mutations. The new work, which comes from Eva Lee and her colleagues at the University of California, Irvine, points to  another cancer-preventing role for BRCA1. By aiding in the degradation of the receptor through which progesterone(黄体酮,孕激素) exerts its effects, the genes protein product apparently checks the hormones growth-promoting action on breast tissue. Lees team also showed that mifepristone, a drug that induces abortions(堕胎) by inhibiting the progesterone receptor, blocks the development of mammary tumors in mice that have had the rodent(啮齿类动物) version of BRCA1 inactivated in their mammary glands(腺). The paper has a mechanism [of BRCA1 activity] and has clinical implications. Its potentially important, says Eliot Rosen of Georgetown University School of Medicine in Washington, D.C., who is also studying the interaction between BRCA1 and progesterone.* z! G' V& _2 D
Previous work had raised suspicions that progesterone fosters breast cancer development. For example, women taking both estrogen and progesterone to treat menopausal(绝经期)
symptoms have a higher risk of developing breast cancer than women who take estrogen(雌激素) only. And working with human breast cancer cells in lab cultures, Rosens team found that normal BRCA1 inhibits the action of the progesterone receptor, although how has been unclear. 5 Y6 w% ?; G  b
In the current work, Lee and her colleagues created mice that lacked functioning copies of the rodent versions of both BRCA1 and p53, another tumor suppressor that is frequently mutated in breast cancers. Although the female mice had never been mated, their mammary tissue showed increased cell proliferationmuch as the breasts of pregnant woman do when high progesterone levels prepare the mammary glands for lactation. Whats more, all the …

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发表于 2009-12-14 15:42:25 |显示全部楼层
Godfather

Amerigo Bonasera sat in New York Criminal Court Number 3 and waited for justice; vengeance on the men who had so cruelly hurt his daughter, who had tried to dishonor her.

The judge, a formidably heavy-featured man, rolled up the sleeves of his black robe as if to physically chastise the two young men standing before the bench. His face was cold with majestic contempt. But there was something false in all this that Amerigo Bonasera sensed but did not yet understand.

"You acted like the worst kind of degenerates," the judge said harshly. Yes, yes, thought Amerigo Bonasera. Animals. Animals. The two young men, glossy hair crew cut, scrubbed clean-cut faces composed into humble contrition, bowed their heads in submission.

The judge went on. "You acted like wild beasts in a jungle and you are fortunate you did not sexually molest that poor girl or I'd put you behind bars for twenty years." The judge paused, his eyes beneath impressively thick brows flickered slyly toward the sallow-faced Amerigo Bonasera, then lowered to a stack of probation reports before him. He frowned and shrugged as if convinced against his own natural desire. He spoke again.

"But because of your youth, your clean records, because of your fine families, and because the law in its majesty does not seek vengeance, I hereby sentence you to three years' confinement to the penitentiary. Sentence to be suspended."

Only forty years of professional mourning kept the overwhelming frustration and hatred from showing on Amerigo Bonasera's face. His beautiful young daughter was still in the hospital with her broken jaw wired together; and now these two animales went free? It had all been a farce. He watched the happy parents cluster around their darling sons. Oh, they were all happy now, they were smiling now.

The black bile, sourly bitter, rose in Bonasera's throat, overflowed through tightly clenched teeth. He used his white linen pocket handkerchief and held it against his lips. He was standing so when the two young men strode freely up the aisle, confident and cool-eyed, smiling, not giving him so much as a glance. He let them pass without saying a word, pressing the fresh linen against his mouth.

The parents of the animales were coming by now, two men and two women his age but more American in their dress. They glanced at him, shamefaced, yet in their eyes was an odd, triumphant defiance.

NOut of control, Bonasera leaned forward toward the aisle and shouted hoarsely, "You will weep as I have wept--- I will make you weep as your children make me weep"--- the linen at his eyes now. The defense attorneys bringing up the rear swept their clients forward in a tight little band, enveloping the two young men, who had started back down the aisle as if to protect their parents. A huge bailiff moved quickly to block the row in which Bonasera stood. But it was not necessary.

All his years in America, Amerigo Bonasera had trusted in law and order. And he had prospered thereby. Now, though his brain smoked with hatred, though wild visions of buying a gun and killing the two young men jangled the very bones of his skull, Bonasera turned to his still uncomprehending wife and explained to her, "They have made fools of us." He paused and then made his decision, no longer fearing the cost. "For justice we must go on our knees to Don Corleone."
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RE: 1006G[REBORN FROM THE ASHES组]备考日记 by 正常点——任何的失败都有太多的必然 [修改]

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1006G[REBORN FROM THE ASHES组]备考日记 by 正常点——任何的失败都有太多的必然
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