1006G番茄斗斗的备考日记----坚定了一条路就要走到底

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

用脑过度了？？做COMMENT的时候像做梦，晕乎乎的。。。
从今天开始，自习教室呆到11点半，然后回寝室直接睡觉！！～果然，效率比时间更重要！！

海王泪UID: 2673613

40# pluka

= =甘特图是啥
甘蔗俺就知道……很甜很好吃的……甘蓝也知道……饿了……

To 小蟹。。 话说 甘蓝原来长这样子D。。 我好像没吃过呢。。。

十大理由让你爱上甘蓝(图) http://zt.jfdaily.com/life/cfcp/200808/t20080820_352071.htm

45# 番茄斗斗

恩恩，其实按着自己的生物钟来学比较好，我现在一过12点半睡，第二天效率暴低！！！

TO 番茄：
我也是。。。 但是天气变冷很难起来··· 最近都要7点半才能起床··SIGH
你几点起床的？ 有没有必胜的方法让自己起床？ ;P

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

REBORN FROM THE ASHES][comment][12.29

An evolutionary biologist on religion

Spirit level
Dec 17th 2009
From The Economist print edition

Why the human race has needed religion tosurvive

Alamy
The Faith Instinct: How Religion Evolvedand Why it Endures. By Nicholas Wade. Penguin Press; 310 pages; $25.95. Buyfrom Amazon.com


WHEREVER their investigations lead, allanalysts of religion begin somewhere. And in the final lines of his densely butskillfully packed account of faith from the viewpoint of evolutionary biology,Nicholas Wade recalls the place where he first felt sanctity: Eton Collegechapel.

The “beauty of holiness” in a Britishprivate school is a far cry(不同的事物) from the sort of religion that later came to interest him as a science journalist at Nature magazine and thenthe New York Times. To examine the roots of religion, he says, it is importantto look at human beginnings. The customs of hunter-gatherer peoples whosurvived into modern times give an idea of religion’s first forms: the ecstasy（陶醉，入迷） of dusk-to-dawn tribal dances, for example.

Charles Darwin, whose idea of the sacredalso came from an English private school, witnessed religion at its most primordial（原始，原生） when he went to Australia in 1836. He found it horrifying: “nearlynaked figures, viewed by the light of blazing fires, all moving in hideousharmony…”

Whatever Darwin’s personal sensibilities,Mr Wade is convinced that a Darwinian approach offers the key to understandingreligion. In other words, he sides with（支持） those who think man’s propensity forreligion has some adaptive function. According to this view, faith would nothave persisted over thousands of generations if it had not helped the humanrace to survive. Among evolutionary biologists, this idea is contested. Criticsof religion, like Richard Dawkins and Steven Pinker, suggest that faith is auseless (or worse) by-product of other human characteristics.

And that controversy leads to another one.Does Darwinian selection take place at the level only of individuals, or ofgroups as well? As Mr Wade makes clear, the notion of religion as an “adaptive”phenomenon makes better sense if one accepts the idea of group selection.Groups which practised religion effectively and enjoyed its benefits werelikely to prevail over those which lacked these advantages.

Of course, the picture is muddied by thevast changes that religion went through in thejourney from tribal dancing to Anglican hymns. The advent of settled,agricultural societies, at least 10,000 years ago, led to a new division oflabor, in which priestly castes tried to monopolize access to the divine, andthe authorities sought to control sacred ecstasy.

Still, the modifications that religion hasundergone should not, in Mr Wade’s view, distract from the study of faith’sbasic functions. In what way, then, does religion enhance a group’s survival?Above all, by promoting moral rules and cementing cohesion, in a way that makespeople ready to sacrifice themselves for the group and to deal ruthlessly withoutsiders. These arguments are well made. Mr Wade has a clear mind and limpidprose style which guides the reader almost effortlessly through 200 years ofintellectual history. Perhaps, though, he oversimplifies the link betweenmorality, in the sense of obedience to rules, and group solidarity based oncommon participation in ecstatic rites.

All religion is concerned in varyingdegrees with metaphysical ideas, moral norms and mystical experience. But inthe great religions, the moral and the mystical have often been in tension. Themore a religion stresses ecstasy, the less it seems hidebound(迂腐守旧的) byrules—especially rules of public behaviour, as opposed to purely religiousnorms. And religious movements (from the “Deuteronomists” of ancient Israel tothe English Puritans) that emphasise moral norms tend to eschew the ecstatic.

Max Weber, one of the fathers of religioussociology, contrasted the transcendental（尤指宗教或精神方面）超凡的，玄奥的） feelings enjoyed by Catholicmass-goers with the Protestant obsession with behaviour. In Imperial Russia,Peter the Great tried to pull the Russian Orthodox church from the formerextreme to the latter: to curb its love of rite and mystery and make it more ofa moral agency like the Lutheran churches of northern Europe. He failed.Russians liked things mystical, and they didn’t like being told what to do.

As well as giving an elegant summary ofmodern thinking about religion, Mr Wade also offers a brief, provocativehistory of monotheism. He endorses the radical view that the story of the Jews’flight from Egypt is myth, rather than history. He sympathises with daringideas about Islam’s beginnings: so daring that many of its proponents workunder false names. In their view, Islam is more likely to have emerged fromdissident Christian sects in the Levant than to have “burst out of Arabia”, asthe Muslim version of sacred history teaches.

At times, the book stumbles. In describingthe interplay between Hellenic（古希腊的） and Hebrew（希伯来人） culture at the dawning ofChristianity, Mr Wade makes exaggerated claims. He says there is no basis for amother-and-child cult in the religion of Israel. In fact there are manyreferences in the Hebrew scriptures to the Messiah（耶稣基督，救世主） and his mother; the Dead SeaScrolls have made this even clearer. And his micro-history of Christiantheology is inaccurate in places.

These objections aside, this is a masterlybook. It lays the basis for a rich dialogue between biology, social science andreligious history. It also helps explain a quest for collective ecstasy thatcan take myriad forms. Perhaps his brief autobiographical reference to Etonshould have noted the bonding effect not only of chapel, but also of songs like“Jolly Boating Weather”.



Sum-up:
Nicholas Wade, who is highly effected by Eton Collegechapel, trys to give us a objective description of How Religion Evolvedand Why it Endures. He asides with Darwinian approach as a key to understand the faith. As a result, he remains us that the helpfulness of religion itself enalbes its persisitence.  However, this donesn'tmake sense to everyone, and controversy is inevitable. At issue is which level does Darwinian selection take place. In Mr Wade's view, the study of faith cannot exist without its function. At the same time,controversial as it was, question on Jew's story is raised by Nicholas Wade as well.At last, the article points out the micro-history of Wade lead to ancritical error related to the Christian theology,the book is none the less a masterpiece.

Comment:
Mysterious as it is, religion is around us world over. According to Mr Wade, thehelpfulness of religion it self enalbes its persisitence;And this make ssense to me. When faced with the unpredicted weather and natural disaster, human leant to creat an idol,hoping rite would appease the anger of God. Years later, with the advent of civilization and the knowledge of the natural, religion doesn't fade away, on the contrary,it flourishes and lead to various of kinds.

Viewing the establishment of a mature religion, we never miss politics. Religion may appears purely as an appeasement, however,its prosperity is determined by politics as it always. As one of the biggest religions, Buddhism originated from India, even so, its exisitence can hardly be viewed today. Because of India's caste system, Hindu eclipous Buddhism and enjoys the greatest piligiams.

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

47# 海王泪
以前6点左右还是起得来的，现在一过冬就整个冬眠了，都要拖到7点多。。诶。。

海王泪UID: 2673613

49# 番茄斗斗

以前6:30.。现在7:30.。。呵呵 没关系！！
新的一年里面我们一起早起！！！ 晚安～～

早起的鸟儿有虫吃，Happy New Year!!!

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

元旦又是在学校里过，11点多从自习教室回来，以为可以赶会作业，没想到群发短信不亦乐乎，于是，新的一年一开始就欠了2篇COMMENT，罪过。。。草草的作业贴出来了，现在欠下的以后一定要还，所以赶考再忙，也不能再压榨G的时间了！～～新的一年，大家一起加油加油！！

dingyi0311UID: 2627919

嘿嘿，组长大人，哈哈，我会认真完成作业的
元旦快乐啊~

qxn_1987UID: 2610437

来看看斗斗。。元旦快乐！呵。。

plukaUID: 2721764

新年快乐~
昨晚短信和电话都堵车呢，我这儿根本发不出去~今早才群发的……

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

REBORN FROM THE ASHES][comment][12.30

好词-表达-结构-生词-难句

U.S. Had Early Signals of a Terror Plot, Officials Say


President Obama, speaking on Tuesday at a Marine Corps base nearHonolulu, said he would “insist on accountability at every level” forfailures in security.
The president was told during a private briefing on Tuesday morningwhile vacationing here in Hawaii that the government had a variety ofinformation in its possession before the thwarted（挫败的） bombing that wouldhave been a clear warning sign had it been shared among agencies, asenior official said.
Two officials said the government had intelligence from Yemen beforeFriday that leaders of a branch of Al Qaeda there were talking about “aNigerian” being prepared for a terrorist attack. While the informationdid not include a name, officials said it would have been evident hadit been compared with information about Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, the23-year-old Nigerian charged with trying to blow up a NorthwestAirlines flight to Detroit on Christmas Day.
The government also had more information about where Mr. Abdulmutallab had been and what some of his plans were.
Some of the information was partial or incomplete, and it was notobvious that it was connected, the official said, but in retrospect itnow appears clear that had it all been examined together it would havepointed to the pending attack. The official said the administration was“increasingly confident” that Al Qaeda had a role in the attack, as thegroup’s Yemeni branch has publicly claimed.
Shortly after being briefed, Mr. Obama addressed reporters in hissecond public statement on the matter in two days, announcing that areview already had revealed a breakdown in the intelligence system thatdid not properly identify the suspect as a dangerous extremist whoshould have been prevented from flying to the United States.
“A systemic failure has occurred, and I consider that totallyunacceptable,” Mr. Obama said. He said he had ordered governmentagencies to give him a preliminary report on Thursday about whathappened and added that he would “insist on accountability at everylevel,” although he did not elaborate.
Mr. Obama alluded to the intelligence in his statement. “Had thiscritical information been shared, it could have been compiled withother intelligence and a fuller, clearer picture of the suspect wouldhave emerged,” the president said. “The warning signs would havetriggered red flags, and the suspect would have never been allowed toboard that plane for America.”
The president’s withering（轻蔑的） assessment of the government’s performancecould reshape the intensifying political debate over the thwartedterrorist attack. Instead of defending the system, Mr. Obama sided withcritics who complained that it did not work and positioned himself as areformer who will fix it. At the same time, the decision to speak asecond time after remaining out of sight for three days underscores theadministration’s concern over being outflanked（胜过） on national security.
The aftermath of the attempted bombing has been marked by anincreasingly fierce partisan exchange over culpability heading into amidterm election year. With Republicans on the attack against theadministration as not taking terrorism seriously enough, Democratsreturned fire by accusing the opposition of standing in the way ofneeded personnel and money while exploiting public fears.
The debate has escalated since Mr. Obama’s secretary of homelandsecurity, Janet Napolitano, said Sunday that “the system worked” afterofficials said the suspect tried to ignite explosive chemicals aboard aNorthwest Airlines flight approaching Detroit. Ms. Napolitano madeclear the next day that she had meant the system worked in its responseto the attempted bombing, not before it happened.
Mr. Obama appeared to be trying to contain the damage on Tuesday,offering “systemic failure” as a substitute diagnosis for “systemworked.” He framed（表达） Ms. Napolitano’s statement by saying she was rightthat “once the suspect attempted to take down Flight 253, after hisattempt, it’s clear that passengers and crew, our homeland securitysystems and our aviation security took all appropriate actions.”
The president praised the professionalism of the nation’s intelligence,counterterrorism, homeland security and law enforcement officials. Buthe spared little in his sharp judgment about how a known extremistcould be allowed to board a flight bound for the United States afterhis own father had warned that he had become radical.
“There was a mix of human and systemic failures that contributed tothis potential catastrophic breach of security,” Mr. Obama toldreporters at the Marine Corps base at Kaneohe Bay outside Honolulu,near his vacation home in Kailua. “We need to learn from this episodeand act quickly to fix the flaws in our system because our security isat stake and lives are at stake.”
Mr. Obama suggested that he would overhaul the watch-list system.“We’ve achieved much since 9/11 in terms of collecting information thatrelates to terrorists and potential terrorist attacks,” he said. “Butit’s becoming clear that the system that has been in place for yearsnow is not sufficiently up to date to take full advantage of theinformation we collect and the knowledge we have.”
Mr. Abdulmutallab, who has been linked to the Yemeni branch of AlQaeda, came to the attention of the American authorities when hisfather went to the embassy last month to report that his son hadexpressed radical views before disappearing. The father, a respectedretired banker, did not say his son planned to attack Americans butsought help locating him and bringing him home, United States officialssaid.
After Mr. Abdulmutallab’s father asked the embassy in Nigeria for help,embassy officials from several agencies, including the CentralIntelligence Agency, met to discuss the case, officials said.
Paul Gimigliano, a C.I.A. spokesman, said that was the first time theagency had heard of the young Nigerian. “We did not have his namebefore then,” he said.
The embassy sent a cable to Washington, which resulted in Mr.Abdulmutallab’s name being entered in a database of 550,000 people withpossible ties to terrorism. But he was not put on the much smallerno-fly list of 4,000 people or on a list of 14,000 people who arerequired to undergo additional screening before flying, nor was hismultiple-entry visa to the United States revoked.
“It now appears that weeks ago this information was passed to acomponent of our intelligence community but was not effectivelydistributed so as to get the suspect’s name on a no-fly list,” Mr.Obama said of the father’s warning. “There appears to be otherdeficiencies as well. Even without this one report, there were bits ofinformation available within the intelligence community that could haveand should have been pieced together.”
Mr. Obama’s appearance came after another day of Republican criticism.On Tuesday, the National Republican Congressional Committee sought toinject the bombing attempt into next year’s midterm races. In a seriesof news releases, the committee sought to press vulnerable Democrats onwhether they agreed with Ms. Napolitano’s initial assessment.
“All year long, we’ve asked the question: What is the administration’soverarching（非常重要的） strategy to confront the terrorist threat and keep Americasafe?” Representative John A. Boehner of Ohio, the Republican leader,said in a statement Tuesday. “We haven’t gotten a satisfactory answer,and the secretary’s ‘the system worked’ response doesn’t inspireconfidence.”
Democrats countered that Republicans had shown disregard for anyterrorism risk by blocking the president’s nominee for head of theTransportation Security Administration and by voting this year againsta measure providing $44 billion for Department of Homeland Securityoperations.
“They have essentially voted against and delayed providing the toolsthat are necessary to prevent these kinds of actions,” saidRepresentative Chris Van Hollen of Maryland, chairman of the DemocraticCongressional Campaign Committee.
They also criticized Representative Peter Hoekstra of Michigan, thesenior Republican on the intelligence committee and a leading critic ofthe White House, for tying the thwarted bombing to an appeal for moneyfor his race for governor. In a letter first reported by The GrandRapids Press, Mr. Hoekstra sought donations to help counter Democratic“efforts to weaken our security.”
A spokesman for Mr. Hoekstra’s campaign said the letter was appropriateand sought to inform potential donors of his leadership on nationalsecurity issues.
Senator Harry Reid, the Nevada Democrat and majority leader, said onTuesday that once the Senate returned on Jan. 19, he would move quicklyto overcome Republicans’ objections to the nomination of Erroll G.Southers, a former F.B.I. agent, to lead the security agency.
Senator Jim DeMint, Republican of South Carolina, has blocked theappointment, saying he was worried Mr. Southers might allow T.S.A.workers to join labor unions. “Republicans have decided to playpolitics with this nomination by blocking final confirmation,” Mr. Reidsaid.
Mr. DeMint said he was seeking an opportunity to debate the nominationrather than have it approved without discussion, and he accused Mr.Reid of grandstanding. “Senator Reid completely ignored this nomineeuntil the recent terror attempt,” Mr. DeMint said, “and now he’s tryingto show concern for airport security.”

Comment:
Writting a comment on the topic related to the security affair is notfamiliar to me, yet i will give a full description of the article abovein stead.
Today,errorism is escalating, American, especially, is facing a seriousproblem.  As current security system fails to recognize the potentialcriminal, boarding on the plane to American becomes the critical issue.Even though Mr Obama “insist on accountability at every level” forfailures in security. How does the system works remain unknown. WhenMr. Abdulmutallab’s father revealed his son's potential threat,Abdulmutallab is under the list of possilbe tie of terrorism ratherunder the list of no-fly; what's more, his multiple-entry visa remainsvalid.

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

REBORN FROM THE ASHES][comment][12.31]

结构-好词-生词-表达-难句

Beauty(节选）

By Scott Russell Sanders

Judging from the scientists I know, including Eva and Ruth, and thosewhom I've read about, you can't pursue the laws of nature very longwithout bumping into beauty. "I don't know if it's the same beauty yousee in the sunset," a friend tells me, "but it feels the same." Thisfriend is a physicist, who has spent a long career deciphering whatmust be happening in the interior of stars. He recalls for me histhrill on grasping for the first time Dirac's equations describingquantum mechanics, or those of Einstein describing relativity. "They'reso beautiful," he says, "you can see immediately they have to be true.Or at least on the way toward truth." I ask him what makes a theorybeautiful, and he replies, "Simplicity, symmetry, elegance, and power."

Why nature should conform to theories we find beautiful is far fromobvious. The most incomprehensible thing about the universe, asEinstein said, is that it's comprehensible. How unlikely, that ashort-lived biped（二足动物） on a two-bit planet should be able to gauge the speedof light, lay bare the structure of an atom, or calculate thegravitational tug of a black hole. We're a long way from understandingeverything, but we do understand a great deal about how nature behaves.Generation after generation, we puzzle out formulas, test them, andfind, to an astonishing degree, that nature agrees. An architect drawsdesigns on flimsy paper, and her buildings stand up throughearthquakes. We launch a satellite into orbit and use it to bouncemessages from continent to continent. The machine on which I writethese words embodies hundreds of insights into the workings of thematerial world, insights that are confirmed by every burst of letterson the screen, and I stare at that screen through lenses that obey thelaws of optics first worked out in detail by Isaac Newton.

By discerning patterns in the universe, Newton believed, he was tracingthe hand of God. Scientists in our day have largely abandoned thenotion of a Creator as an unnecessary hypothesis, or at least anuntestable one. While they share Newton's faith that the universe isruled everywhere by a coherent set of rules, they cannot say, asscientists, how these particular rules came to govern things. You cando science without believing in a divine Legislator, but not withoutbelieving in laws.

I spent my teenage years scrambling up the mountain of mathematics.Midway up the slope, however, I staggered to a halt, gasping in therarefied air, well before I reached the heights where the equations ofEinstein and Dirac would have made sense. Nowadays I add, subtract,multiply, and do long division when no calculator is handy, and I cando algebra and geometry and even trigonometry in a pinch, but that isabout all that I've kept from the language of numbers. Still, Iremember glimpsing patterns in mathematics that seemed as bold andbeautiful as a skyful of stars.

I'm never more aware of the limitations of language than when I try todescribe beauty. Language can create its own loveliness, of course, butit cannot deliver to us the radiance we apprehend in the world, anymore than a photograph can capture the stunning swiftness of a hawk orthe withering power of a supernova. Eva's wedding album holds only afaint glimmer of the wedding itself. All that pictures or words can dois gesture beyond themselves toward the fleeting glory that stirs ourhearts. So I keep gesturing.

"All nature is meant to make us think of paradise," Thomas Mertonobserved. Because the Creation puts on a nonstop show, beauty is freeand inexhaustible, but we need training in order to perceive more thanthe most obvious kinds. Even fifteen billion years or so after the BigBang, echoes of that event still linger in the form of backgroundradiation, only a few degrees above absolute zero. Just so, I believe,the experience of beauty is an echo of the order and power thatpermeate the universe. To measure background radiation, we need subtleinstruments; to measure beauty, we need alert intelligence and our fivekeen senses.

Anyone with eyes can take delight in a face or a flower. You needtraining, however, to perceive the beauty in mathematics or physics orchess, in the architecture of a tree, the design of a bird's wing, orthe shiver of breath through a flute. For most of human history, thetraining has come from elders who taught the young how to payattention. By paying attention, we learn to savor all sorts ofpatterns, from quantum mechanics to patchwork quilts.

This predilection brings with it a clear evolutionary advantage, forthe ability to recognize patterns helped our ancestors to select mates,find food, avoid predators. But the same advantage would apply to allspecies, and yet we alone compose symphonies and crossword puzzles,carve stone into statues, map time and space. Have we merely carriedour animal need for shrewd perceptions to an absurd extreme? Or have westumbled onto a deep congruence between the structure of our minds andthe structure of the universe?

I am persuaded the latter is true. I am convinced there's more tobeauty than biology, more than cultural convention. It flows around andthrough us in such abundance, and in such myriad forms, as to exceed bya wide margin any mere evolutionary need. Which is not to say thatbeauty has nothing to do with survival: I think it has everything to dowith survival. Beauty feeds us from the same source that created us. Itreminds us of the shaping power that reaches through the flower stemand through our own hands. It restores our faith in the generosity ofnature. By giving us a taste of the kinship between our own small mindsand the great Mind of the Cosmos, beauty reassures us that we areexactly and wonderfully made for life on this glorious planet, in thismagnificent universe. I find in that affinity a profound source ofmeaning and hope. A universe so prodigal of beauty may actually need usto notice and respond, may need our sharp eyes and brimming hearts andteeming minds, in order to close the circuit of Creation

Comment:
Elegant,I can only utter words like this to express my idea toward thearticle above.Rather than pinpoint the words and sentence, i decide torecite it in a whole.

Even amazed about the math,number to me was no more than a tedioussymble. Comparing to fine arts, which is vividly perceived form lifeand rather beyond life,math shared nothing related to beauty. Later, Irecognized that the attraction of math comes from its simplicity,symmetry, elegance, and power. With world filled with complication andcomphrehension, number can easily fit itself to the rule and reveal theinner connection of nature. As Newton put it,"tracing to the hand ofGod“ is indeed a job of a scientists'.

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

新年的第一天，自习教室，论文，COMMENT～～嘿嘿，接着看计量去咯～～

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

The World in 2010
The Americas
Canada's northerngoal
Nov 13th 2009
From The World in 2010 print edition
By Jeffrey Simpson, OTTAWA

The Arctic is no longer theforgotten frontier
Canada is a northern nation. “O Canada”, thenational anthem, speaks of “true north, strong and free”. But for mostCanadians, 80% of whom live within 200km (124 miles) of the United Statesborder, the Far North (Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut) is a vast areanever visited, largely unknown, usually forgotten and populated only byaboriginal peoples with quaint customs. All that will start to change in 2010.

Pangnirtung, population 1,300, on the east coast of Baffin Island, a settlementmostly known for Inuit art and a nearby national park, will see constructionstart on a C$42m ($40.5m) harbor for the small Inuit fishing fleet. At GjoaHaven, the only settlement on King William Island, cabins used by polar-bearresearchers will be upgraded. At Eureka, on Ellesmere Island, an atmosphericlaboratory will be overhauled. At Iqaluit, capital of the Nunavut territory,tens of millions of dollars will be spent on badly needed housing, a researchinstitute and a research vessel.

Add to that oil and gas exploration in the Beaufort Sea; C$100m for socialhousing; the same sum for geology research; another C$90m foreconomic-development projects; C$85m to improve Arctic research stations. Theresult is activity such as the Far North, from Alaska in the west to Baffin Bayin the east, has never before seen. And still to come—delayed by debilitating squabbles amongCanada’s shipbuilders and the usual cost overruns of military projects—arethree Arctic patrol ships and a polar icebreaker, plus the publication of plansfor a deep-water port at Nanisivik, on the north coast of Baffin Island. Laterin the year, if all goes according to plan, the federal government will selecta community that will get a High Arctic Research Station.

During the cold war, Canada and the United States constructed a DistantEarly-Warning detection system against any attack by Soviet bombers. Apart fromthis DEW line, Canada paidlittle heed militarily to the FarNorth. Soviet and American submarines roamed under the Arctic ice withoutCanada having any ability to monitor them. The Canadian government outfitted afew Inuit with baseball hats and rifles, called them Rangers, and forgot aboutthe region.

Now, the rush is onto discover the Far North, quiteliterally in the sense of research into atmosphere, ice and animals; and moreurgently to get ready for the widening of sea lanes caused by global warming.Higher temperatures mean less sea ice and more scope（机会） formineral and fossil-fuel exploration, more foreign ships traversing the north,and potential conflicts with other Arctic states over the seabed, sea lanes,and sea and land borders.

The Arctic is full of unresolved borderdelineations. Canada andthe United States disagree over the maritime boundary between Alaska and Yukon.Canada and Denmark have both planted flags on tiny Hans Island. Canada willcontinue working in 2010 to prepare its claim under a United Nations conventionfor underwater rights extending as far as the North Pole, a claim that willsurely conflict with one already filed by Russia.

No country agrees with Canada’s contention that the Northwest Passage (thereare actually two or three possible routes) belongs to Canada. The UnitedStates, Russia and the European Union all believe the passage constitutes aninternational strait. The trickiest decision for Canada is whether to considerthe United States as friend or rival in the Far North, a decision that has tocome soon. Do the two countries co-operate in managing the sea lanes? Do theysort out their maritime border dispute? Do they support each other againstRussia, or go their own ways?

Canada’s belated interest in its Far North is somewhatironic given that climate change has hit the Far North harder than any otherpart of the Earth, and yet Canada’s record in curbing greenhouse-gas emissionsis the worst in the G8. In the Kyoto climate-change protocol, Canada pledged toreduce emissions by 6% from 1990 levels by 2008-12; instead, emissions haverisen by 27% and will rise again in 2010, especially if development intensifiesin the tar sands of Alberta.

No matter who governs Canada in 2010—the country’s fractured political systemhas thrown up a series of unstable governments—all parties agree that the rushto research, develop and protect the Far North has become a national priority.The Conservative prime minister, Stephen Harper, made the Far North one of hissignature issues after being elected in 2006. That the other parties now agreewith this priority, without giving him any credit of course, means that thedays of benign neglect of the Far North are over.

COMMNET:
The benignneglected North area in Canada is now under issue. As fishing fleet is underconstruction, laboratory and researchers are updated as well. Thanks to theglobal warming, the far North now is enjoying an extending sea lanes, what’smore, its potential of mineral and fossil-fuel exploration arose the interestof surrounding countries, along with the unavoidable conflict.
Border delineation serves as a hard issuein world over today. Topic of conflict, mostly between bordering countries, rangesfrom religion to interest. Like, Palestine and Israel, the toughest conflict isalways raised by the religion issue. And now, Canada is about to face it consideringthe huge profit which may brought by the melting north area.

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

今天结束一门考试～～特此补篇COMMENT！～四连击的考试周，找到时间写写COMMENT才发现是件多么幸福的事。。。落下的，周四一结束就补回来！～嘿嘿，攒精神继续明天的考试了～～

番茄斗斗UID: 2720914

[REBORN FROM THE ASHES][comment][01.02]
1.The24-Hour Movie now streams instead of unspools（？？）, filling our screens withimages that, more and more, have been created algorithmically(算法) ratherthan photographically.

2.Vitascope：老式放映机

3.That’s particularlytrue after a decade when watching movies became an increasinglysolitary affair, something between you and your laptop. “Avatar”affirms the deep pleasures of the communal, and it does so byexploiting a technology (3-D), which appears to invite you into themovie even as it also forces you to remain attentively in your seat.

4.“Avatar” serves as a nice jumping-off point to revisit how movies andour experience of them have changed.

5.techno-fetishists（科技研究癖）

6.because the visibleevidence of this changeover has become literally hard to see, andbecause the implications are difficult to grasp, it is alsounderstandable why the shift to digital has not attracted more intenseanalysis outside film and media studies.

7.battered prints and bad projection havehelped thwart（阻扰） the ideal experience.

8.Sontag’s essay inspired a spate of similarly themedif often less vigorous examinations（？？）: Google the words “death ofcinema,” and you get more than 2.5 million hits.

9.Few Americans owned sets in the 1930s, but thegenie was already out of the bottle, or, rather, the movies were out ofthe theater.
As televisions began to fill postwar American homes — from an estimated20,000 in 1946 to 30.5 million in 1955 — so did the movies, which,despite Hollywood’s initial anxiety, became a crucial television staple （？？）(The studios soon learned that television was arevenue source.) Generations of cinephiles fell in love with the objectof their obsession while flopped on the floor, basking in the glow ofthe family television.

10.And if it looks like a duck (inwidescreen) and quacks like a duck (in stereo)（？？）, nothing has changed,right?

11.if the movie is successful and you fall under its sway（统治）

12.Perched between film and digital, “Avatar” showsus a future in which movies will invite us further into them andperhaps even allow us to choose not just the hero’s journey through thestory, but also our own.

COMMENT：
By illustrating a current issue "Avatar", the author reminds us thatfilm is changing along with the development of high-tech, as well asthe fact that film is dead.
Enjoying its portability and convenience, techno devices today, tookplace of the cinema and become the optimum choice for moviegoers,especially teenagers. We keep blaming the pirate technology, at thesame time,producing the high-tech to attract the audience into thecinema, without retrospecting the essence of film. Film is indeed astoryteller rather than pure moving images; and a storyteller can beeverywhere. When "Frequently Asked Questions About Time Travel‘questioned Hollywood on its boundless special effect by simply tellinga time travel event, i suddenly found how many times i have lost in thespectacular sceneand stumble outside the cinema without a clear idea .
As this is the case, High-techno brings out luxury looks ofmovies, it none the less leaves some blind spots as well. As aresult,Movie maker ,which stunned by the box office as well as thehigh-techno, instead of improving its story telling skill,  rushes intothe high-tech.