Arguement34=美丽G程小组=小组第八次作业 by Melody

claire530UID: 2363559

34.Milk and dairy products are rich in vitamin D and calcium, substances
essential for building and maintaining bones. Many people therefore
believe that a diet rich in dairy products can help prevent osteoporosis,
a disease in which the bones weaken significantly with age and that is
linked to both environmental and genetic factors. But a long-term study of
a large number of people has found that those who have consistently
consumed dairy products throughout the years of the study have a higher
rate of bone fractures than any other participants in the study. Since
bone fractures are a symptom of osteoporosis, this study result shows that
a diet rich in dairy products may actually increase, rather than decrease,
the risk of osteoporosis.
前提谬误:患病的人都会骨折，但并不是所有骨折的人都会患病
样本谬误：没有给出样本中特征，如年龄，性别，职业等，很可能坚持喝牛奶的是老人和小孩，而不喝的是青壮年，又可能坚持喝的是从事剧烈运动职业的，
结论谬误：作者武断地认为了是奶制品导致这种问题的发生，而有可能是其他环境和基因因素的影响。

字数：541
People used to regard the milk and dairy products as essential nutritious products for the growth, development, and maintenance of bones, and they believed that these products would be of help to reduce the incidence rate of osteoporosis. However, a long-term research reveals people have a daily diet rich in dairy products are more sensitive to bone fractures than the ones who do not. Therefore, the author arbitrarily claimed that it was the dairy products that resulted in bone fracture, which in the long haul would lead to the osteoporosis. Nevertheless, from my point of view, the conclusion is biased, and meaningless, as several fallacies are in evidence.
For one thing, the premise of the argument is unwarranted. I agree with the point that bone fractures are a symptom of osteoporosis, and people who are suffering from the disease are more sensitive to bone fractures than the others. Whereas, it doesn’t mean that bone fractures would inevitably lead to osteoporosis. Besides this disease, there might be other factors that give rise to bone fracture，for example, the tester had fallen from staircase, or they carelessly collide with others. Many a causes are related to the bone fracture, osteoporosis is just one of them.
Besides the premise, I do consider that the long-term study is less rigorous and unscientific. The most apparent fallacy is manifested in the specimen, in which the information is not full enough. The research falls to illustrate the characters as the testers’ professions, age distribution, sexual distinction, etc. We could not simply got the conclusion from a loosely research, for ultimately it would result inaccuracy in the consequence. For instance, it is entirely possible that people who keeping a consistent diet rich of dairy products are all kids, teenagers, and the elders, obviously they are more sensitive to bone fractures than the grown ups who do not have the dairy product. In the mean time, some people take up occupations such as professional basketball player, fitness trainer, and acrobat are more likely to get bone fractures. All the above possibility shows that the imprecise study is insufficient for the argument.
In addition, the author can not convince me the assertion he made, as he ignored other factors such as the environmental conditions, inherited genetic factors that could also be of problems of the osteoporosis. To make it clearer, let me take the inherited genetic factor as an example. It is not hard to speculate that a person whose family has a history of osteoporosis would undoubtedly get this kind of disease, and in that case, a diet does not make any sense about the influence no matter it has dairy products or not. To say the least，granted that surroundings and genes had nothing to do with the causes of the disease, the diet habits of the testers need to be invested because it might be other food lack of some chemical that resulted in the problem.
In sum, if the author wants to bolster his conclusion, far more information is needed such as more detailed specimen materials contained the profession report and the age distribution. Moreover, a further study is indispensible in order to prove the argument that the dairy products are indeed resulted osteoporosis.