Issue153 求拍，拍死没罪

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Issue 153 学习
“Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question
what they are taught instead of accepting it passively.”

(随着。。。的发展，知识不能再被我们被动的接受了，否则我们会落后。培根说：挑战权威会给我们带来真正的知识。)
Currently, the pace of the technological advancement, social changes and academic progress are so quick that knowledge cannot no longer be accepted passively without actively questioning, otherwise we will lag the people having a certain skepticism to whatever they are taught. Bacon once advocated the idea of testing the authority leads to real knowledge.

(尽管鼓励批判的思考，但是没有否认基本的原理和技术，仍是要学。举了哥白尼的例子，一开始就有批判的思想，以及后来怎么验证自己的思想是对的。学生也应如此，发现问题，然后验证，这样自己才能主动的学习，而且学得会很扎实。)
Albeit our aim is to encourage the student’s critical thinking, it does not mean to overturn the theories and techniques which were taught to them, but to encourage the students learn these things more effectively and deeply. If one wants to challenge the authority, the most important thing is to master all his fundamental knowledge first. Copernicus, for instance, lived in an era of Heresy. From the very beginning, he held little suspicions to the Geocentric Theory. After long-term studying Mathematics, Philosophy, and Astronomy, Copernicus fused all his understandings as a whole, and published his Heliocentric conjecture that the earth and other planets revolve around the sun with the ignorance of the established long-standing boundries. Hence, after a student raises a question, he will do his best to search for data or theory to support his point of view. Unconciously, he will participate actively in the learning process, and this experience makes a deeper impression in his mind with the result that he will retain what he has learned much longer. Therefore, questioning the authority leads to more effectively and deeply learning.

(培养学生自主思考很重要，因为将来很可能有些问题是没有什么正确答案给他们的，他们需要自己挖掘。举了考古学家的例子，因为你不可能从死人嘴里得知什么，你得靠自己的研究和思考。学生也应如此。)
It is of particular importance to cultivate their critical thinking skills so that by the time they face a problem which has no definite and correct answer, their minds won’t freeze considering what to do. There is no denying that the students are not going to be students forever. They will step into the society and play various roles, and additionally, they will face all kinds of problems which is not as naive as 1 plus 1. As a celebrated philosopher Ayi said, life skills comprise logical thinking, analysis and creative problem solving. For example, as an archaeologist, most of the problems he encounters are mysterious and unknown. What an archaeologist discovered may be thousands of years ago. Who an chaeologist can turn to ask? Nobody. Only depending on his scientific researches, overcoming unpredictable difficulties and referring to others’ achievements can an archaeologist gain something real. Thus, we should appeal to our students to shift their focus from inherent book theory to flexible life experiences. The more you think, the more you will achieve.

(举了填鸭式教育的例子，一味的灌输不给孩子们没有自我独立思考的机会，所以我们应该鼓励孩子们去思考，鼓励他们不要局限于考试的分数，还有我们应该给他们创造一个带有批判思想的这么一个氛围。)
Besides, there still exists an old education system which makes students be stuffed with an indigestable mass of material that he has no time to draw on his own resources, to use his own mind for analyzing and synthesizing, and evaluating this material. However, critical thinking is an indispensible part of our education. We need measures to encourage our students to qustion and challenge what they learn; we need measures to free stuedents from limitations of being assessed only on the basis of examination marks; we need to create an atmosphere in which skepticism is encouraged.

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没人看哟，桑心~